MySQL是一款常用的开源数据库软件,但是对于初次使用者好像并不是太友好,MySQL5.x的版本中默认字符集是latin1也就是我们所知道的ISO-8859-1字符集,这个字符集编码并没有包含汉字,所以我们在使用的时候汉字会出现乱码情况,通过修改数据库默认字符集即可解决。
进入MySQL命令行:
mysql> show variables like '%colla%'; +----------------------+-------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-------------------+ | collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +----------------------+-------------------+ 3 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%char%'; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | gbk | | character_set_connection | gbk | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gbk | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\share\charsets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
可以看到现在默认的字符集是latin1
找到MySQL的配置文件,windows中的配置文件是my.ini,我的电脑位于C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7,Linux中需要修改的是my.conf文件,具体路径根据你的实际安装位置,分别修改以下节点中的配置:
我使用的5.7中[client]节点的配置需要新增,其余两个节点[mysql]、[mysql]需要打开注释并修改为utf8.
[client] default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] character_set_server=utf8
然后重启MySQL
net stop mysql
net start mysql
再次查看字符集,都已经被修改为utf8字符集
mysql> show variables like '%colla%'; +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci | | collation_database | utf8_general_ci | | collation_server | utf8_general_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+ 3 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%char%'; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | gbk | | character_set_connection | gbk | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gbk | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\share\charsets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
为保证编码一致性还可以在创建数据库或者表的时候指定字符集,并在连接串后面指定连接参数:
?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。
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