怎样在sqlserver2008中用sql语句 *** 作二进制数据

sqlserver之二进制和字符串sql语句

正常情况下我们对数据库的 *** 作就是如下的写法来 *** 作数据库

SELECT TOP 10 ID AS 编号,BookName AS 书名 FROM dbobooks ORDER BY ID;

UPDATE dbobooks SET BookName='新的书名' WHERE ID=1233;

DELETE FROM dbobooks WHERE ID=122

但是在客户正在使用的数据库里，我们开发人员一般不能够直接 *** 作数据库，但是会给我们做一个网页以便方便我们核对数据，查找错误，但是这种情况下一般都会屏蔽一些关键词，比如update delete，create，alter神马的，一般请客下对客户数据库的 *** 作都得严格按照公司流程来走，这种情况下效率一般都会很低，在这里还有一种情况可以直接让我们对数据库做更改，那就是首先将字符串以二进制的形式骗过后台程序，以便发送到数据库中去执行，如下：

DECLARE @S NVARCHAR(4000)

SET @S=CAST(0x53454C45435420544F5020313020494420415320B1E0BAC52C426F6F6B4E616D6520415320CAE9C3FB2046524F4D2064626F2E626F6F6B73204F524445522042592049443B AS VARCHAR(max))

PRINT @S

EXEC(@S)

下面便是直接把sql语句转换成二进制

DECLARE @str VARCHAR(MAX),@bary VARBINARY(MAX)

SET @str='SELECT TOP 10 ID AS 编号,BookName AS 书名 FROM dbobooks ORDER BY ID;'

--将字符串转换成二进制对象

SET @bary= CAST(@str AS VARBINARY(MAX))

PRINT @bary

--将二进制对象转换成字符串

SET @str=CAST(@bary AS VARCHAR(max))

--执行sql脚本

EXEC(@str)

IFFHS

Top 350

(1st September 2008 - 31st August 2009)

1 (1) Manchester United FC England/4 321,0

2 (1) FC Barcelona España/4 318,0

3 (3) Club Estudiantes de La Plata Argentina/4 285,0

4 (4) Chelsea FC London England/4 282,0

5 (8) Hamburger SV Deutschland/4 268,0

6 (5) FC Shakhtyor Donetsk Ukraina/3 260,0

7 (7) Arsenal FC London England/4 247,0

8 (14) SV Werder Bremen Deutschland/4 240,0

9 (6) Liverpool FC England/4 225,0

(10) Cruzeiro EC Belo Horizonte Brasil/4 225,0

11 (22) Galatasaray SK İstanbul Türkiye/3 216,0

12 (24) AS Roma Italia/4 212,0

13 (13) FC Bayern München Deutschland/4 211,0

14 (9) Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto-Alegrense Brasil/4 206,0

15 (12) Juventus FC Torino Italia/4 200,0

16 (30) Villarreal CF España/4 195,0

(23) Club Atlético de Madrid España/4 195,0

(18) FC Internazionale Milano Italia/4 195,0

19 (16) SC Internacional Porto Alegre Brasil/4 194,0

20 (33) Olympiakos Pireas Greece/3 193,5

21 (34) Olympique Lyonnais France/4 193,0

22 (11) Dinamo Kyiv Ukraina/3 192,5

23 (14) CA Boca Juniors Buenos Aires Argentina/4 189,0

(17) SE Palmeiras São Paulo Brasil/4 189,0

25 (25) FC do Porto Portugal/3 185,5

26 (20) Udinese Calcio Italia/4 185,0

27 (31) FK Metalist Charkow Ukraina/3 182,5

28 (20) São Paulo FC Brasil/4 181,0

29 (27) Gamba Osaka Japan/2 180,5

30 (53) FC Twente Enschede Nederland/3 180,0

31 (28) Paris Saint-Germain FC France/4 178,0

32 (26) PFC CSKA Moscow Russia/3 176,5

33 (46) Valencia CF España/4 174,0

34 (29) FC København Danmark/2 171,5

35 (62) AFC Ajax Amsterdam Nederland/3 171,0

36 (35) Milan AC Italia/4 168,0

37 (36) Real Madrid CF España/4 166,0

38 (58) CD Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile/3 164,0

39 (36) VfL Wolfsburg Deutschland/4 162,0

40 (48) Fenerbahçe SK İstanbul Türkiye/3 161,5

41 (39) Club Libertad Asunción Paraguay/3 160,5

42 (64) FK Partizan Beograd Srbija/2 160,0

43 (43) FC Girondins de Bordeaux France/4 159,0

(19) Olympique de Marseille France/4 159,0

45 (32) Manchester City FC England/4 158,0

46 (82) Lille Olympique Sporting Club France/4 156,0

(38) Sevilla FC España/4 156,0

48 (68) Sporting Clube de Portugal Lisboa Portugal/3 154,5

49 (49) Sampdoria UC Genova Italia/4 154,0

50 (40) AC Fiorentina Firenze Italia/4 153,0

(40) VfB Stuttgart Deutschland/4 153,0

52 (59) CD Cruz Azul Ciudad de México México/3 148,0

53 (42) Panathinaikos AO Athens Greece/3 147,0

(55) Club Nacional de Football Montevideo Uruguay/3 147,0

55 (74) Everton FC England/4 146,0

(46) Aston Villa FC England/4 146,0

57 (67) FC Basel Schweiz/2 142,5

58 (44) Stade Rennais FC France/4 142,0

59 (143) Maccabi Haifa Israel/2 140,5

60 (152) PSV Eindhoven Nederland/3 140,0

(104) SS Lazio Roma Italia/4 140,0

62 (73) NK Dinamo Zagreb Hrvatska/2 139,5

63 (78) FC Steaua Bucureşti România/3 139,0

64 (83) Glasgow Celtic FC Scotland/3 138,5

65 (53) FK Bunyodkor Tashkent Uzbekistan/2 137,5

66 (78) Liga Deportiva Universitaria de Quito Ecuador/2 137,0

(100) CFR 1907 Cluj România/3 137,0

68 (97) AC Sparta Praha Česká Republika/3 136,5

69 (85) Tottenham Hotspur FC England/4 136,0

70 (95) SK Slavia Praha Česká Republika/3 133,5

(72) FC BATE Barysau Belarus/2 133,5

(45) Sporting Clube de Braga Portugal/3 133,5

73 (59) Sport Club Recife Brasil/4 133,0

74 (138) Athletic Club de Bilbao España/4 132,0

(81) CA Lanús Argentina/4 132,0

76 (70) Universitario de Deportes Lima Perú/3 130,5

(62) Universidad San Martín de Porres Perú/3 130,5

78 (74) AS de Saint-Etienne France/4 128,0

79 (59) Standard de Liège Belgique/3 127,5

(51) Defensor Sporting Club Montevideo Uruguay/3 127,5

81 (66) FC Zenit St Petersburg Russia/3 127,0

(57) Club Deportivo Guadalajara México/3 127,0

83 (52) Al-Ahly Cairo Egypt/2 126,0

84 (89) CD La Equidad Bogotá Colombia/3 125,0

(85) CD Independiente Medellín Colombia/3 125,0

(49) Aalborg BK Danmark/2 125,0

87 (101) FC de Toulouse France/4 124,0

(138) FC Genoa 1893 Italia/4 124,0

(83) Caracas FC Venezuela/2 124,0

90 (56) Beşiktaş JK İstanbul Türkiye/3 123,5

91 (217) Debreceni VSC Magyarország/2 123,0

(142) Club Brugge KV Belgique/3 123,0

93 (138) Fulham FC England/4 122,0

(64) Hertha BSC Berlin Deutschland/4 122,0

(105) ZESCO United Ndola Zambia/2 122,0

96 (85) Glasgow Rangers FC Scotland/3 120,5

97 (107) UNAM Ciudad de Mexico México/3 118,5

98 (74) CA San Lorenzo de Almagro Buenos Aires Argentina/4 118,0

(70) Al-Merreikh Omdurman Sudan/2 118,0

100 (92) Sawahel Alexandria (Haras Hodoud) Egypt/2 117,5

101 (157) Heartland FC Oweri Nigeria/2 116,5

102 (93) Atlante FC Ciudad de México México/3 116,0

103 (146) NAC Breda Nederland/3 115,5

(89) KKS Lech Poznań Polska/2 115,5

105 (117) PFK Levski Sofia Bulgaria/2 115,0

(93) CA River Plate Buenos Aires Argentina/4 115,0

107 (149) Pachuca CF México/3 114,5

(110) Pakhtakor FK Tashkent Uzbekistan/2 114,5

(107) Nacional FBC Asunción Paraguay/3 114,5

110 (74) FC Schalke 04 Deutschland/4 114,0

111 (89) CS Sfaxien Sfax Tunisie/2 113,0

112 (133) FC Timişoara România/3 112,5

(113) Al-Hilal FC Riyadh Saudi Arabia/2 112,5

114 (124) Etoile Sportive du Sahel Tunisie/2 112,0

(117) TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen Deutschland/4 112,0

116 (174) Cerro Porteño FBC Asunción Paraguay/3 111,0

117 (68) Real Club Deportivo de La Coruña España/4 110,0

(107) Boyacá Chicó FC Colombia/3 110,0

(152) Bnei Yehuda FC Tel-Aviv Israel/2 110,0

120 (182) FK Austria Wien Österreich/2 108,5

(122) Al-Hilal Omdurman Sudan/2 108,5

122 (125) RSC Anderlecht Belgique/3 108,0

(157) SK Rapid Wien Österreich/2 108,0

(125) FC Sheriff Tiraspol Moldova/2 108,0

(101) MŠK Žilina Slovensko/2 108,0

126 (98) FC Vaslui România/3 107,5

(182) SK Sturm Graz Österreich/2 107,5

128 (130) Al Ittihad Club Jeddah Saudi Arabia/2 107,0

129 (137) SC Heerenveen Nederland/3 106,0

(138) CR Flamengo Rio de Janeiro Brasil/4 106,0

131 (171) FC Metalurg Donetsk Ukraina/3 105,5

132 (125) FC Pohang Steelers Republic of Korea/2 105,0

(98) Rosenborg BK Trondheim Norge/2 105,0

134 (174) FK Crvena zvezda Beograd Srbija/2 104,0

135 (125) CD Everton Vina del Mar Chile/3 103,5

136 (103) Sociedad Deportivo Quito Ecuador/2 103,0

137 (171) AZ Alkmaar Nederland/3 102,5

(171) Éntente Sportife de Sétif Algérie/2 102,5

139 (146) CA Vélez Sarsfield Argentina/4 102,0

(121) RC Racing de Santander España/4 102,0

(288) FC Zürich Schweiz/2 102,0

(146) CA Tigre Argentina/4 102,0

(112) FK Ventspils Latvija/2 102,0

144 (117) Club Santos Laguna de Torreon México/3 101,5

(205) Sport Lisboa e Benfica Portugal/3 101,5

(202) Club Deportivo Toluca México/3 101,5

(149) AEK Athens Greece/3 101,5

148 (136) Deportivo Cuenca Ecuador/2 101,0

(80) CD América Cali Colombia/3 101,0

(115) ASEC Mimosas Abidjan Côte-d'Ivoire/2 101,0

151 (132) Kashima Antlers FC Japan/2 100,5

152 (85) SSC Napoli Italia/4 100,0

(133) Al-Muharraq Manama Bahrain/2 100,0

154 (186) CD Marathón San Pedro Sula Honduras/2 99,0

(202) SK SIGMA Olomouc Česká Republika/3 99,0

156 (210) Clube Desportivo 1° de Agosto Luanda Angola/2 98,5

157 (157) Real Club Deportivo Mallorca España/4 98,0

(246) FC Slovan Liberec Česká Republika/3 98,0

159 (122) CD Once Caldas Manizales Colombia/3 97,5

160 (152) Helsingborg IF Sverige/2 97,0

161 (169) Coritiba FC Brasil/4 96,0

(282) Deportivo Unión Española Santiago Chile/3 96,0

(96) Real San Luis FC México/3 96,0

(247) Kano Pillars FC Nigeria/2 96,0

(224) SC Corinthians Paulista São Paulo Brasil/4 96,0

166 (214) PAOK Saloniki Greece/3 95,5

(149) Singapore Armed Forces FC Singapore/2 95,5

168 (152) Al-Safa SC Lebanon/2 95,0

(113) Anorthosis Ammochostos Cypern/1 95,0

(164) NEC Nimwegen Nederland/3 95,0

171 (157) AS de Nancy-Lorraine France/4 94,0

(174) Goias Esporte Clube Goiania Brasil/4 94,0

173 (165) Al-Karama Homs Syria/2 93,0

174 (224) FC Dinamo Bucureşti România/3 92,5

(191) FC Dinamo Tbilisi Georgia/2 92,5

(167) Al-Ahly Tripoli Libya/1 92,5

(328) CSKA Sofia Bulgaria/2 92,5

(167) Nagoya Grampus Eight Japan/2 92,5

179 (194) Red Bull Salzburg Österreich/2 92,0

(105) Cotonsport FC de Garoua Cameroun/2 92,0

(179) FC Dinamo Moscow Russia/3 92,0

(221) Sivas Spor Kalübü (Sivasspor) Türkiye/3 92,0

183 (182) Asociación Deportivo Cali Colombia/3 91,5

(288) Cienciano del Cusco Perú/3 91,5

185 (180) FC Levadia Tallínn Eesti/2 91,0

(157) Adelaide United FC Australia/3 91,0

187 (143) CSD Colo Colo Santiago Chile/3 90,5

(180) FC Spartak Moscow Russia/3 90,5

(110) BSC Young Boys Bern Schweiz/2 90,5

190 (165) Brøndby IF Danmark/2 90,0

(174) CA Mineiro Belo Horizonte Brasil/4 90,0

(234) Houston Dynamo USA/2 90,0

193 (207) Vorskla Poltava Ukraina/3 89,0

(194) APOEL Lefkosia Cypern/1 89,0

195 (233) KP Legia Warszawa Polska/2 88,5

(182) South China AA Hong Kong/2 88,5

197 (186) Deportivo Táchira San Cristóbal Venezuela/2 88,0

(194) NK Maribor (piv Lazne) Slovenija/2 88,0

(200) CPD Junior Barranquilla Colombia/3 88,0

(258) FK Teplice Česká Republika/3 88,0

201 (253) FC Olimpi Rustavi Tbilisi Georgia/2 87,5

(169) Sporting Cristal Lima Perú/3 87,5

(207) RC Genk Belgique/3 87,5

(207) Al Shabab FC Riyadh Saudi Arabia/2 87,5

205 (258) CD Saprissa San Juan de Tibás San José Costa Rica/2 87,0

(116) CD Universidad Católica Santiago Chile/3 87,0

207 (191) Polonia Warszawa Polska/2 86,5

(129) Slaven Belupo Koprivnica Hrvatska/2 86,5

209 (186) BV Borussia Dortmund Deutschland/4 86,0

(152) KAA Gent Belgique/3 86,0

(234) IF Elfsborg Boras Sverige/2 86,0

(224) Fluminense FC Rio de Janeiro Brasil/4 86,0

(117) AA Argentinos Juniors Buenos Aires Argentina/4 86,0

214 (221) Club Juan Aurich de Chiclayo Perú/3 85,5

(202) Kawasaki Frontale Japan/2 85,5

(272) Santos FC Angola Angola/2 85,5

217 (217) CD Olimpia Tegucigalpa Honduras/2 85,0

(214) Guaraní FC Asunción Paraguay/3 85,0

(247) Bayelsa United FC Yenagoa Nigeria/2 85,0

220 (234) Málaga CF España/4 84,0

(186) Portsmouth FC England/4 84,0

(234) US Citta di Palermo Italia/4 84,0

(194) FBC Olimpia Asunción Paraguay/3 84,0

224 (274) Randers FC Danmark/2 83,0

(229) Rubin Kasan Russia/3 83,0

(217) Chonburi FC Thailand/2 83,0

(191) AFC Unirea Urziceni România/3 83,0

228 (242) Home United FC Singapore/2 82,5

(242) FC Pacos de Ferreira Portugal/3 82,5

(221) FC Flora Tallínn Eesti/2 82,5

(321) CD Nacional Madeira Funchal Portugal/3 82,5

232 (324) Tromsö IL Norge/2 82,0

(274) Hapoel Tel-Aviv Israel/2 82,0

(274) Esporte Clube Vitória Salvador (Bahia) Brasil/4 82,0

(253) Becamex Bình Duong Vietnam/2 82,0

(234) CA Newell's Old Boys Rosario Argentina/4 82,0

237 (266) ENPPI Cairo Egypt/2 81,5

238 (288) Santos FC Brasil/4 80,0

(234) TSG Hoffenheim Deutschland/4 80,0

(234) ŠK Slovan Bratislava Slovensko/2 80,0

(295) KV Mechelen Belgique/3 80,0

(234) AS de Monaco France/4 80,0

(210) CA Huracán Buenos Aires Argentina/4 80,0

244 (229) FC Neftchi Fergana Uzbekistan/2 79,5

(310) Trabzonspor K Trabzon Türkiye/3 79,5

(231) Club Alianza Lima Perú/3 79,5

(210) CCD Tolima Ibague Colombia/3 79,5

(242) Falkirk FC Scotland/3 79,5

249 (371) Odense BK Danmark/2 79,0

(268) Vėtra Vilnius Lietuva/2 79,0

251 (274) Crusaders FC Northern Ireland/2 78,0

(231) Monomotapa United Harare Zimbabwe/2 78,0

(258) Cagliari Calcio Italia/4 78,0

(268) Sport Ancash Huaraz Perú/3 78,0

(256) Motherwell FC Scotland/3 78,0

(247) FC Seoul Republic of Korea/2 78,0

(288) Universidad César Valleja Perú/3 78,0

(242) Mariano Melgar FBC Arequipa Perú/3 78,0

(224) RCD Espanyol Barcelona España/4 78,0

260 (328) MFK Košice Slovensko/2 77,5

261 (255) Al-Kuwait SC Kaifan Kuwait/2 77,0

(258) FC Pyunik Yerevan Armenia/2 77,0

(194) Stabaek IF Norge/2 77,0

264 (286) CAPS United Harara Zimbabwe/2 76,5

265 (210) Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata Argentina/4 76,0

(258) Al-Majd Damascus Syria/2 76,0

(301) Tianjin Teda FC China/2 76,0

(283) Derry City Éire/2 76,0

(186) Grenoble Foot 38 France/4 76,0

(157) Enyimba International FC Aba Nigeria/2 76,0

(258) Real Betis Balompié España/4 76,0

(258) Clube Atletico Paranaense Curitiba Brasil/4 76,0

(201) CA Colón de Santa Fe Argentina/4 76,0

274 (214) The Bohemians FAC Dublin Éire/2 75,5

(354) KR Reykjavík Iceland/2 75,5

(266) Persepolis FC (Pirouzi) Tehran Iran/2 75,5

277 (496) CA River Plate Montevideo Uruguay/3 75,0

278 (306) FK Rabotnički Skopje Macedonia/2 74,5

279 (205) Wisła Kraków Polska/2 74,0

(295) Linfield FAC Northern Ireland/2 74,0

(330) FK Zestafoni Georgia/2 74,0

(418) Garabagh Agdam Azerbaijan/1 74,0

(247) Racing Club Avellaneda Argentina/4 74,0

(301) Lorient FC France/4 74,0

(130) Arsenal FC Sarandí Argentina/4 74,0

286 (272) Club Africain Tunis Tunisie/2 73,0

(330) FC WIT Georgia Tbilisi Georgia/2 73,0

(194) Tauro FC Panamá/2 73,0

(274) San Francisco FC La Chorrea Panamá/2 73,0

(295) CSD Municipal Guatemala City Guatemala/2 73,0

291 (314) CDC Atlético Nacional Medellín Colombia/3 72,5

(286) Al-Ahed Lebanon/2 72,5

(295) Bursaspor K Bursa Türkiye/3 72,5

294 (283) Vllaznia Shkodër Albania/2 72,0

(274) West Ham United FC England/4 72,0

(274) Rudar Velenje Slovenija/2 72,0

(330) Stoke City FC England/4 72,0

(247) AJ Auxerroise France/4 72,0

(314) Shanghai Shenhua FC China/2 72,0

300 (306) Dynamos Harara Zimbabwe/2 71,5

(340) Shandong Luneng Taishan China/2 71,5

(143) Kalmar FF Sverige/2 71,5

303 (306) KSV Cercle Brugge Belgique/3 71,0

(324) CD Luis Ángel Firpo Usulutan El Salvador/2 71,0

(396) Vibe CT 105 W Connection FC Couva Trinidad & Tobago/1 71,0

306 (256) Maccabi Nathanyah Israel/2 70,5

307 (345) FC Sochaux-Montbeliard France/4 70,0

(301) Wigan Athletic FC England/4 70,0

(301) Real Sporting de Gijon España/4 70,0

(295) SK Tirana Albania/2 70,0

(157) FK Moscow Russia/3 70,0

(314) CD Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba Mendoza Argentina/4 70,0

313 (306) Al-Gharrafa Club Doha Qatar/2 69,5

314 (342) CS Deportiva y Cultural de Pereira Colombia/3 69,0

(342) Heart of Midlothian FC Edinburgh Scotland/3 69,0

(268) Envigado FC Colombia/3 69,0

(475) Real CD España San Pedro Sula Honduras/2 69,0

(247) PFC Litex Lovech Bulgaria/2 69,0

319 (311) Al-Ittihad Tripoli Libya/1 68,5

(311) Al-Wehdat Amman Jordan/2 68,5

(311) Suwon Samsung Blue-Wings FC Republic of Korea/2 68,5

(540) Stade Malien Bamako Mali/1 68,5

323 (359) Atlético Petróleos Luanda Angola/2 68,0

(345) AC Siena Italia/4 68,0

(274) OGC Nice France/4 68,0

(371) Club Bolívar La Paz Bolivia/2 68,0

(407) Clube Náutico Capibaribe Recife Brasil/4 68,0

328 (300) Aberdeen FC Scotland/3 67,5

(354) SuperSport United Pretoria South Africa/2 67,5

330 (224) FC Honka Espoo Suomi/2 67,0

(288) MFK Petrzalka Slovensko/2 67,0

(324) Al Jazeera Abu Dhabi UAE/2 67,0

(387) BB Ankaraspor Türkiye/3 67,0

334 (383) IFK Göteborg Sverige/2 66,5

(455) FC Lokomotiv Moscow Russia/3 66,5

336 (345) Al Ittifaq Dammam Saudi Arabia/2 66,0

(330) Club Atlético Osasuna España/4 66,0

(359) Glentoran FC Belfast Northern Ireland/2 66,0

(314) CA Banfield Argentina/4 66,0

(459) Fram Reykjavík Iceland/2 66,0

(359) Esteghlal FC Tehran Iran/2 66,0

(268) José Gálvez Chimbote Perú/3 66,0

(330) Hull City FC England/4 66,0

344 (364) JK Sillamäe Kalev Eesti/2 65,5

(364) KSV Zulte Waregem Belgique/3 65,5

346 (321) Grupo Desportivo e Recreativo do Libolo Angola/2 65,0

(345) Beitar Jerusalem Israel/2 65,0

(330) Red Arrows Lusaka Zambia/2 65,0

(588) Club Deportivo Árabe Unido Cólon Panamá/2 65,0

(423) FC Lahti Suomi/2 65,0

(387) Real Estelí FC Nicaragua/2 65,0

(174) St Patrick's Athletic Éire/2 65,0

(283) NK Hajduk Split Hrvatska/2 65,0

(371) FC Beijing Guoan China/2 65,0

( ) place in the month before

［摘 要］读者传统的阅读习惯、出版商对电子图书的缓慢开拓、图书馆对电子图书的揭示不足以及外文电子图书本身的语言障碍和时效性不足导致当前图书馆对外文电子图书的采购持谨慎态度，影响了外文电子图书的发展。为了促进外文电子图书的快速发展，出版商需要采取积极的销售策略，图书馆需要实现电子图书与OPAC之间的整合。



［关键词］外文电子图书；问题；对策

［中图分类号］G25576［文献标志码］A

［文章编号］1005-6041(2012)04-0007-03

1 图书馆对外文电子图书的采购现状

随着电子资源的出现和信息技术的发展，图书馆资源建设的策略、重点也发生了转变，资源的收藏范围不断从印本资源向数字资源转化，尤其在外文电子资源的建设上，各个馆都在不断提高外文电子资源的采购经费，如中国国家图书馆每年电子资源的购置经费为总购书经费的12%，而外文电子资源的购置经费却占电子资源总购置经费的70%。在外文电子资源的采购策略上，电子期刊数据库所占比重较大，但对电子图书的购买则持谨慎态度。如华南理工大学图书馆（以下简称“我馆”）2009年只有34%的经费用于购买外文电子图书，而23%的经费用于购买外文电子期刊。高俊芳的调查表明被其调查的60所高校平均引进外文电子图书数据只有183个。［1］

2 外文电子图书存在的问题

21 读者的阅读习惯目前难以改变

读者传统的阅读习惯是不易改变的。对大多数读者而言，电脑始终不是一个良好的阅读界面。虽然电子图书具有快速检索、方便访问和允许多人同时阅读等优点，但从易读性的角度来看, 掌上电脑和手机上小小的屏幕容易让人疲劳和视力受损, 同时阅读电子图书时容易分心，因为在电子书里很容易进行关键词的检索，读者经常会在页面之间进行浏览和翻转，而不会像读纸质书那样逐页的阅读。图标、按钮、屏幕上页面的超链接等都会导致阅读时分心，所以目前真正抛弃纸质书的人还不多。

《30年中国人阅读心灵事》中《中国人阅读现状》一文以深圳为例进行了调查，调查显示在阅读方式的选择上，大部分读者目前仍首选纸质阅读，其次才选择网络阅读。

有研究表明，学生不反对图书馆停订纸质期刊转而购买电子期刊,但对电子图书的态度比电子期刊更保守，100%的学生宁愿首选纸质书。他们希望图书馆建设混合的馆藏图书，对一本书既购买纸质版，又购买电子版。由于长时间在屏幕上阅读容易导致眼睛疲劳，通常情况下，他们会先浏览电子书，看这本书是否是自己感兴趣的书，然后再借纸本慢慢阅读。在图书馆经费短缺的情况下，读者认为至少对一些核心和畅销的书应该既有纸质版又有电子版［2］。目前国内图书馆一般只购买外文图书的一个副本，而购买同一本书的纸质版和电子版不会增加新的馆藏。紧缩预算，图书馆在馆藏建设上比较谨慎，购买外文纸质图书依然是最佳的选择。

22 出版商对电子图书的策略尚需完善

221 在电子图书的销售上，目前，许多出版商（包括许多著名的学术出版商），在电子期刊的市场成熟后才开始扩大其电子图书市场。到2009年为止，通过CALIS组团的只有Karger电子书、Safari Tech Books Online 、SpringerLink eBooks 、Taylor & Francis 农业百科全书、Thieme全文电子图书数据库、Ebrary和Netlibrary等7个电子图书数据库，仅占整个CALIS引进数据库的6%。Elsevier、Wiley、IEEE等著名出版商在2010年以前以销售电子期刊为主，电子图书只是放在Ebrary和Netlibray集成平台上，2010年开始将出版的电子图书放在自己的电子期刊平台上向客户销售，其销售模式尚处于探索中，在销售价格上跟纸质书相比，没有太多优惠。在价格相差不多的情况下，图书馆当然愿意购买纸质图书，毕竟纸质图书更符合图书馆的藏书功能。

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222 出版商在电子图书的制作上同传统图书一样，按一个逻辑结构去编写和组织，供读者逐页、逐节、逐章的阅读。图书被设计给读者进行从头到尾的阅读。然而读者阅读电子图书的方式实际上并不是传统的阅读方式。通常读者阅读一本纸质图书是从头到尾一页一页地读，但对于电子图书，大多数读者的阅读习惯是先搜索关键词，再浏览某些段落或句子，最后阅读一个或几个章节，很少有读者会从头至尾地阅读，特别是那些学术类的电子图书。

223 电子图书出版商出于保证利润最大化、保护版权和其他的商业利益等原因,对电子图书的使用增加了多种制约,从而使电子图书丧失了作为电子资源应有的优势。阅读、打印、复制和下载都是读者使用电子图书时要用到的基本功能，而出版商会以版权保护的名义对这些基本的使用功能加以限制。出版商要求读者必须在图书馆的IP 范围内登录电子图书数据库平台才能够访问，这使得用户并不能真正的在“任何时间，任何空间 ”自由地阅读。在阅读和下载权限上，一些出版商规定只能在线阅读和有限阅读，如 Safari 电子图书限定用户只能在线阅读，Thieme电子图书只允许用户按章或页在线或下载浏览, Ebary是由出版商决定用户可以下载拷贝的页数。在打印权限上，一些出版商限制用户只能进行有限打印或不能打印， 如 NetLibrary允许最多连续打印 10页, 如果整本打印, 系统会发出警告, 3次警告后取消该用户使用电子图书的权利。Safari则不允许用户打印。即使允许整本打印，也是有限制，如要求一页一页的打印。

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23 图书馆对纸质图书与电子图书的分割链接影响读者对电子图书的使用

目前，外文电子图书都要求读者到出版社提供的平台上进行检索和阅读，并不提供MARC格式供图书馆导入OPAC系统。像我馆购买的SPRINGER电子图书就不能在我馆的馆藏目录里找到，只能在SPRINGER出版社提供的平台上检索和浏览。不同的出版社提供不同的检索平台，读者无法在一个入口搜索所需要的书，不能一目了然地了解馆藏纸本和电子书，这在一定程度上大大降低了电子书的利用率。

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