JavaJavaWeb 连接数据库完成增删改查

JavaJavaWeb 连接数据库完成增删改查,第1张


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连接数据库无非就是和数据库建立连接,和前面的python连接数据库差不多。


首先在连接Java数据库的时候需要数据库的jar包,这点不同于python连接数据库
mysql的jar包

下面让我们来看看数据库是如何让连接的,是如何完成数据库的一系列 *** 作,增删改查等…


💖Java连接数据库。 🎶1、注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

🎶2、获取连接
  conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop", "root", "123456");

注意:获取连接很重要,数据的一点点错误都会导致你连接不上数据库。
😃1、localhost代表本机不用变
😃2、3306是端口号,即port,一般默认都是3306。
😃3、root一般指管理员,不用变,直接用即可。
😃4、"123456"指的是密码,一般大家常用的密码就123、111111、root或者123456几种。


🎶3、获取数据库 *** 作对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();

🎶4、//执行sql
 String sql = "select id,name,num,price from testmodel_car";
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                String id = rs.getString("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                String num = rs.getString("num");
                String price = rs.getString("price");
                System.out.println(id + "," + name + "," + num + "," + price);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {

注意:
😃1、java"select id,name,num,price from testmodel_car";,从表 testmodel_car中查询 id,name,num,price四列数据
😃2、rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);,获取的对象编译一下sql语句
😃3、String id = rs.getString("id");,取出id那一列的值赋值给id(String id 中的id可以随便换,只要不和其他变量冲突都是可以的)


🎶5、释放资源
       if (rs != null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (stmt != null) {
                try {
                    stmt.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (conn != null) {
                try {
                    conn.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

不释放资源也行,在上面抛出异常也可以解决


🎶6、完整代码
import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            //注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //获取连接
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop", "root", "123456");
            //获取数据库 *** 作对象
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            //执行sql
            String sql = "select id,name,num,price from testmodel_car";
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                String id = rs.getString("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                String num = rs.getString("num");
                String price = rs.getString("price");
                System.out.println(id + "," + name + "," + num + "," + price);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //释放资源
            if (rs != null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (stmt != null) {
                try {
                    stmt.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (conn != null) {
                try {
                    conn.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


💖连接数据库------增加 *** 作

add.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 17331
  Date: 2022/3/5
  Time: 15:40
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <link href="h/favicon2.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon"/>
    <title>添加信息title>
    <style>
        body {
            background-color:#FDF5E6;
        }
    style>
    <style>
        body {
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background: url('./img/olypic.jpg');
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            background-size: 100% 100%;
            background-attachment: fixed;
        }
    style>
    <style>
        input{
            width: 20%;
            padding: 12px 20px;
            margin: 8px 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            border: 1px solid #555;
            outline: none;
        }

        input:focus {
            background-color: lightblue;
        }
    style>
    <style>
        #boxshadow {
            position: relative;
            -moz-box-shadow: 1px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0,0.5);
            -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
            box-shadow: 1px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
            padding: 10px;
            background:#F0F8FF;
            border-radius:8px;
        }

        /* Make the image fit the box */
        #boxshadow img {
            width: 50%;
            border: 0px solid #8a4419;
            border-style: inset;
        }

        #boxshadow::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            z-index: -1; /* hide shadow behind image */
            -webkit-box-shadow: 0 15px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
            -moz-box-shadow: 0 15px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
            box-shadow: 0 15px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
            width: 70%;
            left: 15%; /* one half of the remaining 30% */
            height: 100px;
            bottom: 0;
        }
    style>
    <style>
        .button {
            background-color:#337AB7; /* Green */
            border: none;
            color: white;
            padding: 16px 32px;
            text-align: center;
            text-decoration: none;
            display: inline-block;
            font-size: 16px;
            margin: 4px 2px;
            -webkit-transition-duration: 0.4s; /* Safari */
            transition-duration: 0.4s;
            cursor: pointer;
        }

        .button1 {
            background-color: white;
            color: black;
            border: 2px solid #337AB7;
        }
        .button1:hover {
            background-color: #337AB7;
            color: white;
            box-shadow: 0 12px 16px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.24),0 17px 50px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);
        }
    style>

head>
<body>

<div style="padding:2px;width:1080px;height:470px;margin-top:10%;margin-left:20%;opacity: 0.8" id="boxshadow">
    <div>
        <img src="img/olypic.jpg"   style="float:left;margin-top:5%;">
    div>
    <div style="float:right;">
        <form action="add" method="post">
            <p style="margin-right:200px;">
                国家名称   <input type="text"  name="Country"  style="border-radius:8px;width:150px;height:30px;">
            p>
            <p>
                  金牌数     <input type="text" name="Glod_num" style="border-radius:8px;width:150px;height:30px;margin-top:1%">
            p>

            <p>
                  银牌数     <input type="text" name="Silver_num" style="border-radius:8px;width:150px;height:30px;margin-top:1%">
            p>
            <p>
                  铜牌数     <input type="text" name="Copper_num" style="border-radius:8px;width:150px;height:30px;margin-top:1%">
            p>
            <p>
                     id           <input type="text" name="id" style="border-radius:8px;width:150px;height:30px;margin-top:1%">
            p>
            <input type="submit" value="保存"/><br/>
        form>
        form>
    div>
div>
body>
html>

Add.java

package com.bjpowernode.javaweb.servlet;

import com.bjpowernode.javaweb.utils.DButil;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.*;


@WebServlet(name = "add", value = "/add")
public class Add extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        //获取信息,前端页面注册的信息
        String country=request.getParameter("Country");
//        String logo=request.getParameter("logo");
        String Glod_num=request.getParameter("Glod_num");
        String Silver_num=request.getParameter("Silver_num");
        String Copper_num=request.getParameter("Copper_num");
        String id =request.getParameter("id");
//        String Sum=request.getParameter("Sum");
        //连接数据库,执行insert插入语句
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        int count=0;
        try {
            //注册驱动
            try {
                Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //获取连接
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mofa", "root", "123456");

            // TODO 2、开启事务   默认开启  我们将它关闭()自动提交机制关闭
            String sql = "insert ignore into medals_table(Country,Glod_num,Silver_num,Copper_num,id) values (?,?,?,?,?);";
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setString(1, country);
//            ps.setString(2, logo);
            ps.setString(2, Glod_num);
            ps.setString(3, Silver_num);
            ps.setString(4, Copper_num);
            ps.setString(5, id);
//            ps.setString(7, Sum);
            //返回一个值,指的是  影响了数据库中多少条记录  主要是判断是否大于0  就是是否印象数据库
            count = ps.executeUpdate();
        }catch (SQLException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DButil.close(conn,ps,null);
        }
        if(count==1){
            //增加成功   任然跳到列表页面
            request.getRequestDispatcher("Take_01").forward(request,response);
        }
        else{
            //删除失败
            request.getRequestDispatcher("error.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }
}


增加功能就是通过前端jsp文件text填写数据,然后通过submit提交数据,传递给后端servlet,也就是上面的Add,注意Java文件不要小写,我就没少挨骂

步骤:
😘1、前端jsp文件text写入通过submit提交
😘2、"); out.println(" "); out.println(" "); out.println(""); out.println(""); out.println(""); } }

Update.java

package com.bjpowernode.javaweb.servlet;

import com.bjpowernode.javaweb.utils.DButil;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.*;

@WebServlet(name = "update",value = "/update")
public class Update extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        //解决中文乱码问题
        String country=request.getParameter("Country");
        String logo=request.getParameter("logo");
        String Glod_num=request.getParameter("Glod_num");
        String Silver_num=request.getParameter("Silver_num");
        String Copper_num=request.getParameter("Copper_num");
        String id=request.getParameter("id");
        //连接数据库执行更新 *** 作
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        int count=0;
        try {
            try {
                Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //获取连接
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mofa", "root", "123456");
            String sql = "update medals_table set Glod_num=?,Silver_num=?,Copper_num=?,id=? where Country=?";
            //编译sql语句
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
//            ps.setString(1, logo);
            ps.setString(1, Glod_num);
            ps.setString(2, Silver_num);
            ps.setString(3, Copper_num);
            ps.setString(4, id);
            ps.setString(5, country);
//            System.out.println(logo);
            count=ps.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println(count);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DButil.close(conn, ps, rs);
        }
        if(count==1){
            //更新成功
            request.getRequestDispatcher("Take_01").forward(request,response);
        }else{
            //更新失败
            request.getRequestDispatcher("error.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }
}

💋1、前端传输数据给后端edit,edit通过getParameter取到前端值完成后面的 *** 作。
💋2、为了让修改的时候可以显示修改前的值,我们在Edit.java中写入前端代码。
💋3、Edit.jav中代码通过form表单把数据传输给Update.java。
💋4、Update.java通过getParameter取到由Edit.java中传来的值。
💋5、把取到的值存进数据库,完成刷入 *** 作。

注意:我这里有个bug,就是不能修改国家名称,因为手贱的我为了让数据库看着好看就把国家名设置为主键了,,,,,,,



💖连接数据库------查询 *** 作

Select.java

package com.bjpowernode.javaweb.servlet;

import com.bipowernode.pojo.Olypic;
import com.bjpowernode.javaweb.utils.DButil;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@WebServlet(name = "select",value = "/select")
public class Select extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        String name = request.getParameter("select_name");
        System.out.println(name);
        //连接数据库
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        List<Olypic> olypicList=new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //获取连接
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mofa", "root", "123456");
            String sql = "select * from medals_table where Country=?";
            //编译sql语句
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            //赋值    第一个问好赋值 country   国家名称
            ps.setString(1, name);
            //查询返回结果集    这个结果集只有一条记录  ,国家名称是主键  ,  故只有一条数据
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            if (rs.next()) {
                String country = rs.getString("Country");
                String Glod = rs.getString("Glod_num");
                String Silver = rs.getString("Silver_num");
                String Copper = rs.getString("Copper_num");
                String id=rs.getString("id");
                String logo=rs.getString("logo");
                System.out.println("这是数据");
                System.out.println(country);
                System.out.println("Glod");
//                   String Sum=rs.getString("Sum");
                int G = Integer.valueOf(Glod).intValue();
                int S = Integer.valueOf(Silver).intValue();
                int C = Integer.valueOf(Copper).intValue();
                int A=G+S+C;
                String Sum=String.valueOf(A);

                //将数据封装程Java对象
                Olypic olpic=new Olypic();
                olpic.setCountry(country);
                olpic.setGlod_num(Glod);
                olpic.setSilver_num(Silver);
                olpic.setCopper_num(Copper);
                olpic.setId(id);
                olpic.setSum(Sum);
                olpic.setLogo(logo);
                // TODO 将数据放入上面定义好的容器
                olypicList.add(olpic);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DButil.close(conn, ps, rs);
        }
        request.setAttribute("olypicList",olypicList);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("./take_03.jsp").forward(request,response);
    }
}

可以从前端或者后端传值,完成搜索 *** 作。但是一般是要通过前端搜索框输入值,通过form表单传走,后端通过getParameter取值完成一些列 *** 作。


现在的项目都是通过框架,但是 了解传输和运行机制还是十分重要的。

完整的JavaWeb项目







觉得有用的可以给个三连,关注一波!!!带你了解更多的Java小知识

欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出

原文地址: http://outofmemory.cn/sjk/991024.html

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