【MySQL】条件判断函数 case when 求和计数,if 函数

【MySQL】条件判断函数 case when 求和计数,if 函数,第1张

比赛结果result表内容如下:

Date                     Win
2017-07-122017-07-122017-07-152017-07-15

如果要生成下列结果, 正确的sql语句是:( )

比赛日期            胜     负
2017-07-12          1      1
2017-07-15          1      1
select Date As 比赛日期, 
	(case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), 
	(case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Date

select Date As 比赛日期, 
	SUM(case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), 
	SUM(case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result

select Date As 比赛日期, 
	SUM( when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), 
	SUM( when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Date

select Date As 比赛日期, 
	SUM(case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), 
	SUM(case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Date

解析:

由题意得,需要行转列按日期分组并对列求和,因此需要 group by Date, sum(…胜/负)。

A 中无 sum ,错;B 中无 group by ,错;C 中 case when … then … else … end 用法不正确,错;选 D

这道题主要考察了 case when 的用法,下面是使用方法:

1、case when… then… else… end:
CASE 字段 WHEN 预期值 THEN 结果1 ELSE 结果2 END

score 表:

mysql> select * from score;
+----+----------+------+------+-------+
| id | name     | sex  | age  | score |
+----+----------+------+------+-------+
|  1 | zhangsan |    1 |   19 |    99 |
|  2 | lisi     |    0 |   25 |    89 |
|  3 | wangwu   |    1 |   21 |    79 |
|  4 | zhaoliu  |    0 |   18 |    69 |
|  5 | sunqi    |    1 |   23 |    59 |
|  6 | zhouba   |    1 |   15 |    49 |
|  7 | wujiu    |    0 |   20 |    39 |
+----+----------+------+------+-------+

示例: 查找男女,以汉字显示

1、使用 case when ,符合要求的返回 1,case when 外部用 sum 进行求和

select 
	name, 
	(case sex when '1' then '男' else '女' end) sex 
from score;

2、用 if 函数的方式:

select name, if(sex = 1, '男', '女') as sex from score;
+----------+-----+
| name     | sex |
+----------+-----+
| zhangsan ||
| lisi     ||
| wangwu   ||
| zhaoliu  ||
| sunqi    ||
| zhouba   ||
| wujiu    ||
+----------+-----+

2、条件表达式:
CASE 
	WHEN condition THEN result1  ELSE result2
END
如果没有 end,返回 NULL注意: 多个 when 之间,不必加逗号

示例 1: 统计每个学生的成绩级别

select 
	name, 
	score, 
	(case 
		when score > 90 then 'nice' 
		when score > 80 then 'good' 
		when score >= 60 then'not bad' 
		else 'bad' end) as level 
from score;

示例 2: 统计总人数,男女人数和男女成年的人数

1、case when 外部用 sum 进行求和

select 
	count(id) as '总人数', 
	sum(case when sex = '1' then 1 else 0 end) as '男生人数', 
	sum(case when sex = '0' then 1 else 0 end) as '女生人数', 
	sum(case when age >= 18 and sex = '1' then 1 else 0 end) as '成年男生人数', 
	sum(case when age >= 18 and sex = '0' then 1 else 0 end) as '成年女生人数' 
from score;

2、if 函数计数

select 
	count(if(age >= 18 and sex = 1, 1, null)) as '成年男生人数', 
	count(if(age >= 18 and sex = 0, 1, null)) as '成年女生人数' 
from score;
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| 总人数    | 男生人数     | 女生人数     | 成年男生人数       | 成年女生人数       |
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|         7 |            4 |            3 |                  3 |                  3 |
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+

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