JavaSE 1.7提供了相关的API,去监视文件或者文件夹的变动,主要的API都在java.nio.file下面,其大概流程如下:
package org.xdemo.superutil.j2se.filewatch
import static java.nio.file.LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS
import java.io.File
import java.io.IOException
import java.nio.file.FileSystems
import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult
import java.nio.file.Files
import java.nio.file.Path
import java.nio.file.Paths
import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor
import java.nio.file.StandardWatchEventKinds
import java.nio.file.WatchEvent
import java.nio.file.WatchEvent.Kind
import java.nio.file.WatchKey
import java.nio.file.WatchService
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes
import java.util.HashMap
import java.util.Map
/**
* 文件夹监控
*
* @author Goofy <a href="http://www.xdemo.org/">http://www.xdemo.org/</a>
* @Date 2015年7月3日 上午9:21:33
*/
public class WatchDir {
private final WatchService watcher
private final Map<WatchKey, Path> keys
private final boolean subDir
/**
* 构造方法
*
* @param file
* 文件目录,不可以是文件
* @param subDir
* @throws Exception
*/
public WatchDir(File file, boolean subDir, FileActionCallback callback) throws Exception {
if (!file.isDirectory())
throw new Exception(file.getAbsolutePath() + "is not a directory!")
this.watcher = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService()
this.keys = new HashMap<WatchKey, Path>()
this.subDir = subDir
Path dir = Paths.get(file.getAbsolutePath())
if (subDir) {
registerAll(dir)
} else {
register(dir)
}
processEvents(callback)
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
static <T> WatchEvent<T> cast(WatchEvent<?> event) {
return (WatchEvent<T>) event
}
/**
* 观察指定的目录
*
* @param dir
* @throws IOException
*/
private void register(Path dir) throws IOException {
WatchKey key = dir.register(watcher, StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_CREATE, StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_DELETE, StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_MODIFY)
keys.put(key, dir)
}
/**
* 观察指定的目录,并且包括子目录
*/
private void registerAll(final Path start) throws IOException {
Files.walkFileTree(start, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() {
@Override
public FileVisitResult preVisitDirectory(Path dir, BasicFileAttributes attrs) throws IOException {
register(dir)
return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE
}
})
}
/**
* 发生文件变化的回调函数
*/
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
void processEvents(FileActionCallback callback) {
for () {
WatchKey key
try {
key = watcher.take()
} catch (InterruptedException x) {
return
}
Path dir = keys.get(key)
if (dir == null) {
System.err.println(" *** 作未识别")
continue
}
for (WatchEvent<?> event : key.pollEvents()) {
Kind kind = event.kind()
// 事件可能丢失或遗弃
if (kind == StandardWatchEventKinds.OVERFLOW) {
continue
}
// 目录内的变化可能是文件或者目录
WatchEvent<Path> ev = cast(event)
Path name = ev.context()
Path child = dir.resolve(name)
File file = child.toFile()
if (kind.name().equals(FileAction.DELETE.getValue())) {
callback.delete(file)
} else if (kind.name().equals(FileAction.CREATE.getValue())) {
callback.create(file)
} else if (kind.name().equals(FileAction.MODIFY.getValue())) {
callback.modify(file)
} else {
continue
}
// if directory is created, and watching recursively, then
// register it and its sub-directories
if (subDir && (kind == StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_CREATE)) {
try {
if (Files.isDirectory(child, NOFOLLOW_LINKS)) {
registerAll(child)
}
} catch (IOException x) {
// ignore to keep sample readbale
}
}
}
boolean valid = key.reset()
if (!valid) {
// 移除不可访问的目录
// 因为有可能目录被移除,就会无法访问
keys.remove(key)
// 如果待监控的目录都不存在了,就中断执行
if (keys.isEmpty()) {
break
}
}
}
}
}
jdk7 新增了WatchService,就是监控文件夹变化的。可以监控 新增、改变、删除等.
如果不能用 jdk7,就需要自己判断了,得到目录文件,每隔几秒,再次检测,是否有增加、删除、改变
JDK 7 的nio2 WatchService可以监听文件系统。
Oracle官方教程链接 http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/io/notification.html
样例代码:
import static java.nio.file.StandardWatchEventKinds.*Path path = Paths.get("/home")
WatchService watchService = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService()
WatchKey watchKey = path.register(watchService,ENTRY_CREATE,ENTRY_DELETE,ENTRY_MODIFY)
/*
private boolean notDone = true
while(notDone){
try{
WatchKey watchKey = watchService.poll(60,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
List<WatchEvent.Kind<?>> events = watchKey.pollEvents()
for(WatchEvent event : events){
//WatchKey watchable returns the calling Path object of Path.register
Path watchedPath = (Path) watchKey.watchable()
//returns the event type
StandardWatchEventKinds eventKind = event.kind()
//returns the context of the event
Path target = (Path)event.context()
}
if(!watchKey.reset()){
...handle situation no longer valid
}
}catch(InterruptedException e){
Thread.currentThread().interrupt()
}
}
*/
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