安卓智能地图开发：展示三维场景 - ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

概述SceneViewRuntime100是用了一个GeoView类作为地图的基类直接继承于ViewGroup，然后MapView和SceneView分别作为二维和三维地图的容器继承于GeoView。其实把SceneView当做MapView，把ArcGISScene当做ArcGISMap就行，于是我们简单尝试下。首先是在XML文件里添加SceneView：<com.esri

SceneVIEw

Runtime100是用了一个GeoVIEw类作为地图的基类直接继承于VIEwGroup，然后MapVIEw和SceneVIEw分别作为二维和三维地图的容器继承于GeoVIEw。

其实把SceneVIEw当做MapVIEw，把ArcGISScene当做ArcGISMap就行，于是我们简单尝试下。首先是在XML文件里添加SceneVIEw：

   <com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapPing.vIEw.SceneVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/scenevIEw"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="match_parent">    </com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapPing.vIEw.SceneVIEw>

public class SceneVIEwActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private SceneVIEw mSceneVIEw;    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_scene_vIEw);        mSceneVIEw = (SceneVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.scenevIEw);        ArcGISScene arcGISScene = new ArcGISScene();        mSceneVIEw.setScene(arcGISScene);    }    @OverrIDe    protected voID onResume() {        super.onResume();        mSceneVIEw.resume();    }    @OverrIDe    protected voID onPause() {        super.onPause();        mSceneVIEw.pause();    }    @OverrIDe    protected voID onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        mSceneVIEw.dispose();    }}

运行下，看看效果：

可以看出其实SceneVIEw的基本底图就是一个地球，然后我们给它设置个瓦片图层作为底图：

        mSceneVIEw = (SceneVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.scenevIEw);        ArcGISScene arcGISScene = new ArcGISScene();        ArcGISTiledLayer arcGISTiledLayer = new ArcGISTiledLayer(                "https://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer");        Basemap basemap = new Basemap(arcGISTiledLayer);        arcGISScene.setBasemap(basemap);        mSceneVIEw.setScene(arcGISScene);

可以看出这其实就是把一个切片图层展示在地球上，可以进行三维 *** 作而已。

展示三维场景（ArcGISScene）

三维通过接近真实世界的角度来可视化数据信息
三维场景的使用类似于MapVIEw和ArcGISMap，二维数据皆可加入三维场景
三维场景不同于二维，其具备高程表面（elevation surface）

无高程表面（elevation surface）

  private SceneVIEw mSceneVIEw;    private String brest_buildings = " http://tiles.arcgis.com/tiles/P3ePLMYs2RVChkJx/arcgis/rest/services/Buildings_Brest/Sceneserver";    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_scene_layer);        mSceneVIEw = (SceneVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.sceneVIEw);        ArcGISScene scene = new ArcGISScene();        scene.setBasemap(Basemap.createImagery());        mSceneVIEw.setScene(scene);        // add a scene service to the scene for vIEwing buildings        ArcGISSceneLayer sceneLayer = new ArcGISSceneLayer(brest_buildings);        scene.getoperationalLayers().add(sceneLayer);        // 设置三维场景视角镜头（camera）        Camera camera = new Camera(48.378, -4.494, 200, 345, 65, 0);        mSceneVIEw.setVIEwpointCamera(camera);    }

使用高程表面（ArcGISTiledElevationSource、RasterElevationSource）

ArcGISTiledElevationSource：将在线服务作为高程表面
RasterElevationSource：将本地DEM文件作为高程表面

  private SceneVIEw mSceneVIEw;    private String elevation_image_service = "http://elevation3d.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/WorldElevation3D/Terrain3D/ImageServer";    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_display_scene);        mSceneVIEw = (SceneVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.sceneVIEw);        ArcGISScene scene = new ArcGISScene();        scene.setBasemap(Basemap.createImagery());        mSceneVIEw.setScene(scene);        ArcGISTiledElevationSource elevationSource = new ArcGISTiledElevationSource(elevation_image_service);        scene.getBaseSurface().getElevationSources().add(elevationSource);        Camera camera = new Camera(28.4, 83.9, 10010.0, 10.0, 80.0, 0.0);        mSceneVIEw.setVIEwpointCamera(camera);    }

设置三维场景视角镜头（camera）

纬度（Latitude）、经度（longitude）和高程（elevation）heading：镜头水平朝向0度表示指北，从0度逐渐增加，镜头顺时针旋转，360度回到0度指北。Pitch：镜头垂直朝向0度表示垂直俯视地球，从0度逐渐增加，镜头沿其水平朝向，从俯视地球朝天空旋转，360度回到0度俯视地球。  public Camera(double latitude, double longitude, double altitude, double heading,   double pitch, double roll)

表面置放模式（LayerScenePropertIEs.SurfacePlacement）

与二维不同的是，通过GraphicsOverlay添加空间要素时，需要设置表面置放模式，默认为DRAPED。

DRAPED：空间要素紧贴场景表面（surface layer），不考虑空间要素的高程值（Z-values）
absolute：空间要素通过其高程值（Z-values）设置距离球体表面（海平面）的高度
relative：空间要素通过其高程值（Z-values）设置距离场景表面（surface layer）的高度

球体表面和场景表面的差异在于是否使用高程表面，若不使用高程表面absolute和relative在三维场景中展示的位置相同。

 private SceneVIEw mSceneVIEw;    private String elevation_image_service = "http://elevation3d.arcgis.com/arcgis/rest/services/WorldElevation3D/Terrain3D/ImageServer";    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_surfac_placement);        mSceneVIEw = (SceneVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.sceneVIEw);        // create a scene and add a basemap to it        ArcGISScene agsScene = new ArcGISScene();        agsScene.setBasemap(Basemap.createImagery());        mSceneVIEw.setScene(agsScene);        // add base surface for elevation data        ArcGISTiledElevationSource elevationSource = new ArcGISTiledElevationSource(elevation_image_service);        agsScene.getBaseSurface().getElevationSources().add(elevationSource);        // add a camera and initial camera position        Camera camera = new Camera(53.04, -4.04, 1300, 0, 90.0, 0);        mSceneVIEw.setVIEwpointCamera(camera);        // create overlays with elevation modes        GraphicsOverlay drapedOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay();        drapedOverlay.getScenePropertIEs().setSurfacePlacement(LayerScenePropertIEs.SurfacePlacement.DRAPED);        mSceneVIEw.getGraphicsOverlays().add(drapedOverlay);        GraphicsOverlay relativeOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay();        relativeOverlay.getScenePropertIEs().setSurfacePlacement(LayerScenePropertIEs.SurfacePlacement.relative);        mSceneVIEw.getGraphicsOverlays().add(relativeOverlay);        GraphicsOverlay absoluteOverlay = new GraphicsOverlay();        absoluteOverlay.getScenePropertIEs().setSurfacePlacement(LayerScenePropertIEs.SurfacePlacement.absolute);        mSceneVIEw.getGraphicsOverlays().add(absoluteOverlay);        // create point for graphic location        Point point = new Point(-4.04, 53.06, 1000, camera.getLocation().getSpatialReference());        // create a red (0xFFFF0000) circle symbol        SimpleMarkerSymbol circleSymbol = new SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE, 0xFFFF0000, 10);        // create a text symbol for each elevation mode        TextSymbol drapedText = new TextSymbol(10, "DRAPED", 0xFFFFFFFF, TextSymbol.HorizontalAlignment.left,                TextSymbol.VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE);        TextSymbol relativeText = new TextSymbol(10, "relative", 0xFFFFFFFF, TextSymbol.HorizontalAlignment.left,                TextSymbol.VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE);        TextSymbol absoluteText = new TextSymbol(10, "absolute", 0xFFFFFFFF, TextSymbol.HorizontalAlignment.left,                TextSymbol.VerticalAlignment.MIDDLE);        // add the point graphic and text graphic to the corresponding graphics        // overlay        drapedOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, circleSymbol));        drapedOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, drapedText));        relativeOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, circleSymbol));        relativeOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, relativeText));        absoluteOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, circleSymbol));        absoluteOverlay.getGraphics().add(new Graphic(point, absoluteText));    }

Portalitem

mSceneVIEw = findVIEwByID(R.ID.sceneVIEw);        // get the portal url and portal item from ArcGIS online        Portal portal = new Portal("http://www.arcgis.com/", false);        Portalitem portalitem = new Portalitem(portal, "a13c3c3540144967bc933cb5e498b8e4");        ArcGISScene scene = new ArcGISScene(portalitem);        mSceneVIEw.setScene(scene);

三维场景中的可视化

三维场景（SceneVIEw 、ArcGISScene）中具备更多的符号化方式来传递信息，包括SimpleMarkerScenesymbol、ModelMarkerSymbol、distanceCompositeScenesymbol以及空间要素拉伸。

总结

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