1. 使用蓝牙的响应权限
复制代码 代码如下:
<uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.BLUetoOTH" />
<uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.BLUetoOTH_admin" />
2. 配置本机蓝牙模块
在这里首先要了解对蓝牙 *** 作一个核心类BluetoothAdapter
复制代码 代码如下:
BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
//直接打开系统的蓝牙设置面板
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent,0x1);
//直接打开蓝牙
adapter.enable();
//关闭蓝牙
adapter.disable();
//打开本机的蓝牙发现功能(默认打开120秒,可以将时间最多延长至300秒)
Intent discoveryIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_disCOVERABLE);
discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_disCOVERABLE_DURATION,300);//设置持续时间(最多300秒)
3.搜索蓝牙设备
使用BluetoothAdapter的startdiscovery()方法来搜索蓝牙设备
startdiscovery()方法是一个异步方法,调用后会立即返回。该方法会进行对其他蓝牙设备的搜索,该过程会持续12秒。该方法调用后,搜索过程实际上是在一个System Service中进行的,所以可以调用canceldiscovery()方法来停止搜索(该方法可以在未执行discovery请求时调用)。
请求discovery后,系统开始搜索蓝牙设备,在这个过程中,系统会发送以下三个广播:
ACTION_disCOVERY_START:开始搜索
ACTION_disCOVERY_FINISHED:搜索结束
ACTION_FOUND:找到设备,这个Intent中包含两个extra fIElds:EXTRA_DEVICE和EXTRA_CLASS,分别包含BluetooDevice和BluetoothClass。
我们可以自己注册相应的broadcastReceiver来接收响应的广播,以便实现某些功能
复制代码 代码如下:
// 创建一个接收ACTION_FOUND广播的broadcastReceiver
private final broadcastReceiver mReceiver = new broadcastReceiver() {
public voID onReceive(Context context,Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
// 发现设备
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 从Intent中获取设备对象
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// 将设备名称和地址放入array adapter,以便在ListVIEw中显示
mArrayAdapter.add(device.getname() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
}
}
};
// 注册broadcastReceiver
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
registerReceiver(mReceiver,filter); // 不要忘了之后解除绑定
4. 蓝牙Socket通信
如果打算建议两个蓝牙设备之间的连接,则必须实现服务器端与客户端的机制。当两个设备在同一个RFCOMM channel下分别拥有一个连接的BluetoothSocket,这两个设备才可以说是建立了连接。
服务器设备与客户端设备获取BluetoothSocket的途径是不同的。服务器设备是通过accepted一个incoming connection来获取的,而客户端设备则是通过打开一个到服务器的RFCOMM channel来获取的。
服务器端的实现
通过调用BluetoothAdapter的ListenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String,UUID)方法来获取BluetoothServerSocket(UUID用于客户端与服务器端之间的配对)
调用BluetoothServerSocket的accept()方法监听连接请求,如果收到请求,则返回一个BluetoothSocket实例(此方法为block方法,应置于新线程中)
如果不想在accept其他的连接,则调用BluetoothServerSocket的close()方法释放资源(调用该方法后,之前获得的BluetoothSocket实例并没有close。但由于RFCOMM一个时刻只允许在一条channel中有一个连接,则一般在accept一个连接后,便close掉BluetoothServerSocket)
复制代码 代码如下:
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
public AcceptThread() {
// Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket,
// because mmServerSocket is final
BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
try {
// MY_UUID is the app's UUID string,also used by the clIEnt code
tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.ListenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(name,MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) { }
mmServerSocket = tmp;
}
public voID run() {
BluetoothSocket socket = null;
// Keep Listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned
while (true) {
try {
socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
break;
}
// If a connection was accepted
if (socket != null) {
// Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)
manageConnectedSocket(socket);
mmServerSocket.close();
break;
}
}
}
/** Will cancel the Listening socket,and cause the thread to finish */
public voID cancel() {
try {
mmServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
}
客户端的实现
通过搜索得到服务器端的BluetoothService
调用BluetoothService的ListenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String,UUID)方法获取BluetoothSocket(该UUID应该同于服务器端的UUID)
调用BluetoothSocket的connect()方法(该方法为block方法),如果UUID同服务器端的UUID匹配,并且连接被服务器端accept,则connect()方法返回
注意:在调用connect()方法之前,应当确定当前没有搜索设备,否则连接会变得非常慢并且容易失败
复制代码 代码如下:
private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;
public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
// Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket,
// because mmSocket is final
BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
mmDevice = device;
// Get a BluetoothSocket to connect with the given BluetoothDevice
try {
// MY_UUID is the app's UUID string,also used by the server code
tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) { }
mmSocket = tmp;
}
public voID run() {
// Cancel discovery because it will slow down the connection
mBluetoothAdapter.canceldiscovery();
try {
// Connect the device through the socket. This will block
// until it succeeds or throws an exception
mmSocket.connect();
} catch (IOException connectException) {
// Unable to connect; close the socket and get out
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException closeException) { }
return;
}
// Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)
manageConnectedSocket(mmSocket);
}
/** Will cancel an in-progress connection,and close the socket */
public voID cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
}
连接管理(数据通信)
分别通过BluetoothSocket的getinputStream()和getoutputStream()方法获取inputStream和OutputStream
使用read(bytes[])和write(bytes[])方法分别进行读写 *** 作
注意:read(bytes[])方法会一直block,知道从流中读取到信息,而write(bytes[])方法并不是经常的block(比如在另一设备没有及时read或者中间缓冲区已满的情况下,write方法会block)
复制代码 代码如下:
private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final inputStream mmInStream;
private final OutputStream mmOutStream;
public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
mmSocket = socket;
inputStream tmpIn = null;
OutputStream tmpOut = null;
// Get the input and output streams,using temp objects because
// member streams are final
try {
tmpIn = socket.getinputStream();
tmpOut = socket.getoutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) { }
mmInStream = tmpIn;
mmOutStream = tmpOut;
}
public voID run() {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // buffer store for the stream
int bytes; // bytes returned from read()
// Keep Listening to the inputStream until an exception occurs
while (true) {
try {
// Read from the inputStream
bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);
// Send the obtained bytes to the UI Activity
mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_READ,bytes,-1,buffer)
.sendToTarget();
} catch (IOException e) {
break;
}
}
}
/* Call this from the main Activity to send data to the remote device */
public voID write(byte[] bytes) {
try {
mmOutStream.write(bytes);
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
/* Call this from the main Activity to shutdown the connection */
public voID cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
}
引用资料:AndroID官方SDK、《AndroID/OPhone完全开发讲义》
以上是内存溢出为你收集整理的Android蓝牙开发深入解析全部内容,希望文章能够帮你解决Android蓝牙开发深入解析所遇到的程序开发问题。
如果觉得内存溢出网站内容还不错,欢迎将内存溢出网站推荐给程序员好友。
欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出
评论列表(0条)