我们今天来聊下如何做实时通讯（先给知识点，实现原理，最后给出实现实时通信的具体代码--使用工具 androID studio）
现在先说下用到的知识点：
实现原理
就是将发送端，接收端分别放进一个线程去运行，然后利用线程通信类handler来进行线程间的通信，实现界面的通信
实现代码：
权限
<uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission><uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission><uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.WAKE_LOCK"></uses-permission><uses-permission androID:name="androID.permission.INTERNET"/>
Layout
<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="utf-8"?><linearLayout xmlns:androID="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res/androID" androID:orIEntation="vertical" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.androID.com/tools" androID:ID="@+ID/activity_main" androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity" androID:weightSum="10"> <button androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="0dp" androID:layout_weight="1" androID:background="#03A9F4" androID:textcolor="#FFFFFFFF" androID:textSize="30sp" androID:text="IP" androID:ID="@+ID/myIP"/> <!--点击开始聊天--> <linearLayout androID:orIEntation="horizontal" androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="0dp" androID:layout_weight="1" androID:weightSum="10"> <!--IP--> <EditText androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="match_parent" androID:layout_weight="1" androID:ID="@+ID/IP" androID:hint="请写入对方通讯地址IP" /> </linearLayout> <!--显示聊天记录--> <EditText androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="0dp" androID:layout_weight="7" androID:gravity="top" androID:editable="false" androID:scrollbars="vertical" androID:ID="@+ID/receiveMessage"/> <!--用于写入发送信息和按钮--> <linearLayout androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent" androID:layout_height="0dp" androID:layout_weight="1"> <EditText androID:layout_wIDth="0dp" androID:layout_weight="8" androID:layout_height="match_parent" androID:hint="填写要发送的信息" androID:ID="@+ID/message"/> <button androID:layout_wIDth="0dp" androID:layout_weight="2" androID:layout_height="match_parent" androID:text="发送消息" androID:background="#03A9F4" androID:textcolor="#FFFFFFFF" androID:ID="@+ID/sendMessage"/> </linearLayout></linearLayout>
客户端类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.BuffereDWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.inputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.net.socket;import java.net.UnkNownHostException;/** * Created by asus on 2017/3/16. */public class ChatClIEnt { public Socket requestSocket(String host) throws UnkNownHostException,IOException{ Socket socket=new Socket(host,5000); return socket; } public voID sendMsg(Socket socket,String msg)throws IOException{ BuffereDWriter writer=new BuffereDWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getoutputStream()) ); writer.write(msg.replace("\n","")+"\n"); writer.flush(); } public String receiveMsg(Socket socket)throws IOException{ BufferedReader reader=new BufferedReader( new inputStreamReader(socket.getinputStream()) ); String txt=reader.readline(); return txt; }}服务端类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;import androID.os.Handler;import androID.os.Message;import androID.util.Log;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.BuffereDWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.inputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.net.ServerSocket;import java.net.socket;/** * Created by asus on 2017/3/16. */public class ChatServer extends Thread { public ChatServer() throws IOException { createSocket(); } public voID run(){ Socket clIEnt; String txt; Log.i("信息","成功开始服务器，端口为："+PORT); try{ while (true){ clIEnt=ResponseSocket(); while(true){ txt=ReceiveMsg(clIEnt); System.out.println(txt); Message message1 = new Message(); message1.obj =txt+"\n"; com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity.handler.sendMessage(message1); if(true) break; }// CloseSocket(clIEnt); } }catch (IOException e){ } } private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){ public voID handleMessage(Message msg) { }; }; public ServerSocket server=null; private int PORT =5000; private BuffereDWriter writer; private BufferedReader reader; public voID createSocket() throws IOException{ server=new ServerSocket(PORT,100); } public Socket ResponseSocket() throws IOException{ Socket clIEnt =server.accept(); return clIEnt; } public voID CloseSocket(Socket socket) throws IOException{ reader.close(); socket.close(); server.close(); } public voID sendMsg(Socket socket,String string)throws IOException{ writer=new BuffereDWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getoutputStream()) ); writer.write("msg"+string); writer.flush(); } public String ReceiveMsg(Socket socket) throws IOException{ reader=new BufferedReader( new inputStreamReader(socket.getinputStream()) ); String txt ="对方:"+reader.readline(); return txt; }}MainActivity类
package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;import androID.content.Context;import androID.net.wifi.WifiInfo;import androID.net.wifi.WifiManager;import androID.os.Bundle;import androID.os.Handler;import androID.os.Message;import androID.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import androID.text.ClipboardManager;import androID.util.Log;import androID.vIEw.VIEw;import androID.vIEw.inputmethod.inputMethodManager;import androID.Widget.button;import androID.Widget.EditText;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.socket;import static com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.R.ID.receiveMessage;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { final ChatServer chatServer=null; static String text=""; static EditText receivemessage=null; final ChatClIEnt chatClIEnt = new ChatClIEnt(); @OverrIDe protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_main);// 定义相关的变量 receivemessage=(EditText) findVIEwByID(receiveMessage); final EditText message=(EditText)findVIEwByID(R.ID.message); final EditText IP = (EditText)findVIEwByID(R.ID.IP); final button sendmessage = (button)findVIEwByID(R.ID.sendMessage); final button myIP =(button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.myIP);// 获取wifi下的IP地址并显示 //获取wifi服务 WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE); //判断wifi是否开启 if (!wifiManager.isWifIEnabled()) { wifiManager.setWifIEnabled(true); } WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo(); int ipAddress = wifiInfo.getIpAddress(); String ip = intToIp(ipAddress); myIP.setText(ip);// 点击实现复制内容到粘贴板 myIP.setClickable(true); myIP.setonClickListener(new button.OnClickListener() { public voID onClick(VIEw arg0) { ClipboardManager cm = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CliPBOARD_SERVICE); // 将文本内容放到系统剪贴板里。 cm.setText(myIP.getText().toString()); } });// 初始化看是服务器 try{ ChatServer chatServer=new ChatServer(); chatServer.start(); }catch(IOException e){ Log.e("错误","开启服务器失败"); e.printstacktrace(); }// 点击按钮发送数据给相应的IP地址 sendmessage.setonClickListener(new VIEw.OnClickListener() { @OverrIDe public voID onClick(VIEw v) { HIDeKeyboard(sendmessage); new Thread(new Runnable() { @OverrIDe public voID run() { try { Socket socket=chatClIEnt.requestSocket(IP.getText().toString()); chatClIEnt.sendMsg(socket,message.getText().toString()); Message message1 = new Message(); message1.obj ="自己： "+message.getText().toString()+"\n"; handler.sendMessage(message1); }catch (IOException e){ Log.e("错误","发送失败"); } } }).start(); } }); } public static Handler handler=new Handler(){ @OverrIDe public voID handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); Log.i("信息","其他线程发过来："+msg); text+=msg.obj.toString(); receivemessage.setText(text); receivemessage.setSelection(receivemessage.getText().length(),receivemessage.getText().length()); } };// 用于将结果以IP的形式放出 private String intToIp(int i) { return (i & 0xFF ) + "." + ((i >> 8 ) & 0xFF) + "." + ((i >> 16 ) & 0xFF) + "." + ( i >> 24 & 0xFF) ; } //隐藏虚拟键盘 public static voID HIDeKeyboard(VIEw v) { inputMethodManager imm = ( inputMethodManager ) v.getContext( ).getSystemService( Context.input_METHOD_SERVICE ); if ( imm.isActive( ) ) { imm.hIDeSoftinputFromWindow( v.getapplicationwindowToken( ),0 ); } }}效果展示
demo示例下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hr2OiZq
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