#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX 1000
struct stu
{
char id[8]
char name[8]
扩展资料:
short:修饰int,短整型数据,可省略被修饰的int。(K&R时期引入)
long:修饰int,长整型数据,可省略被修饰的int。(K&R时期引入)
long long:修饰int,超长整型数据,可省略被修饰的int。(C99标准新增)
signed:修饰整型数据,有符号数据类型。(C89标准新增)
unsigned:修饰整型数据,无符号数据类型。(K&R时期引入)
restrict:用于限定和约束指针,并表明指针是访问一个数据对象的唯一且初始的方式。(C99标准新增)
复杂类型关键字
struct:结构体声明。(K&R时期引入)
union:联合体声明。(K&R时期引入)
enum:枚举声明。(C89标准新增)
typedef:声明类型别名。(K&R时期引入)
sizeof:得到特定类型或特定类型变量的大小。(K&R时期引入)
inline:内联函数用于取代宏定义,会在任何调用它的地方展开。(C99标准新增)
参考资料来源:百度百科-c语言
#include "stdio.h"/*定义学生结构体*/
struct Student
{
char ID[20]
char Name[20]
float Mark1
float Mark2
float Mark3
float Average
}
/*声明学生数组及学生数量*/
struct Student students[1000]
int num=0
/*求平均值*/
float Avg(struct Student stu)
{
return (stu.Mark1+stu.Mark2+stu.Mark3)/3
}
/*通过学号返回数组下标*/
int Student_SearchByIndex(char id[])
{
int i
for (i=0i<numi++)
{
if (strcmp(students[i].ID,id)==0)
{
return i
}
}
return -1
}
/*通过姓名返回数组下标*/
int Student_SearchByName(char name[])
{
int i
for (i=0i<numi++)
{
if (strcmp(students[i].Name,name)==0)
{
return i
}
}
return -1
}
/*显示单条学生记录*/
void Student_DisplaySingle(int index)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩")
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n")
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[index].ID,students[index].Name,
students[index].Mark1,students[index].Mark2,students[index].Mark3,students[index].Average)
}
/*插入学生信息*/
void Student_Insert()
{
while(1)
{
printf("请输入学号:")
scanf("%s",&students[num].ID)
getchar()
printf("请输入姓名:")
scanf("%s",&students[num].Name)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark1)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark2)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark3)
getchar()
students[num].Average=Avg(students[num])
num++
printf("是否继续?(y/n)")
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break
}
}
}
/*修改学生信息*/
void Student_Modify()
{
float mark1,mark2,mark3
while(1)
{
char id[20]
int index
printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号:")
scanf("%s",&id)
getchar()
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id)
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n")
}
else
{
printf("你要修改的学生信息为:\n")
Student_DisplaySingle(index)
printf("-- 请输入新值--\n")
printf("请输入学号:")
scanf("%s",&students[index].ID)
getchar()
printf("请输入姓名:")
scanf("%s",&students[index].Name)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark1)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark2)
getchar()
printf("请输入成绩:")
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark3)
getchar()
students[index].Average=Avg(students[index])
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)")
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break
}
}
}
/*删除学生信息*/
void Student_Delete()
{
int i
while(1)
{
char id[20]
int index
printf("请输入要删除的学生的学号:")
scanf("%s",&id)
getchar()
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id)
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n")
}
else
{
printf("你要删除的学生信息为:\n")
Student_DisplaySingle(index)
printf("是否真的要删除?(y/n)")
if (getchar()=='y')
{
for (i=indexi<num-1i++)
{
students[i]=students[i+1]
}
num--
}
getchar()
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)")
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break
}
}
}
/*按姓名查询*/
void Student_Select()
{
while(1)
{
char name[20]
int index
printf("请输入要查询的学生的姓名:")
scanf("%s",&name)
getchar()
index=Student_SearchByName(name)
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n")
}
else
{
printf("你要查询的学生信息为:\n")
Student_DisplaySingle(index)
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)")
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break
}
}
}
/*按平均值排序*/
void Student_SortByAverage()
{
int i,j
struct Student tmp
for (i=0i<numi++)
{
for (j=1j<num-ij++)
{
if (students[j-1].Average<students[j].Average)
{
tmp=students[j-1]
students[j-1]=students[j]
students[j]=tmp
}
}
}
}
/*显示学生信息*/
void Student_Display()
{
int i
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩")
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n")
for (i=0i<numi++)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,
students[i].Mark1,students[i].Mark2,students[i].Mark3,students[i].Average)
}
}
/*将学生信息从文件读出*/
void IO_ReadInfo()
{
FILE *fp
int i
if ((fp=fopen("Database.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件!\n")
return
}
if (fread(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
num=-1
}
else
{
for(i=0i<numi++)
{
fread(&students[i],sizeof(struct Student),1,fp)
}
}
fclose(fp)
}
/*将学生信息写入文件*/
void IO_WriteInfo()
{
FILE *fp
int i
if ((fp=fopen("Database.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件!\n")
return
}
if (fwrite(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误!\n")
}
for (i=0i<numi++)
{
if (fwrite(&students[i],sizeof(struct Student),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误!\n")
}
}
fclose(fp)
}
/*主程序*/
main()
{
int choice
IO_ReadInfo()
while(1)
{
/*主菜单*/
printf("\n------ 学生成绩管理系统------\n")
printf("1. 增加学生记录\n")
printf("2. 修改学生记录\n")
printf("3. 删除学生记录\n")
printf("4. 按姓名查询学生记录\n")
printf("5. 按平均成绩排序\n")
printf("6. 退出\n")
printf("请选择(1-6):")
scanf("%d",&choice)
getchar()
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
Student_Insert()
break
case 2:
Student_Modify()
break
case 3:
Student_Delete()
break
case 4:
Student_Select()
break
case 5:
Student_SortByAverage()
Student_Display()
break
case 6:
exit()
break
}
IO_WriteInfo()
}
}
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