小程序前后端对接是只有一个吗

小程序前后端对接是只有一个吗,第1张

不是。

微信小程序的前后端是分开编写程序的,前端负责开发,后端负责维护。

1.小程序前端开搏颤发。前端开发主要是对功能的排版,UI设计等。涉及到html,css,js等前端知识,当然,微信有它的开发语言,但跟网页前端三剑客语法其实是差不多的。

2.后端开发。实现数据交互,管理小程序端数据。小程序里面的数据,不可能全部写死在里面的,需要动态变化,即是后台发布文章,前端的内容就会跟着变化的。

前端设计稿完成后,首先前端基迹败程序就会把前端设计稿用代码编写出来。前端代码编写完州差成后,后端就开始开发功能逻辑代码和前端匹配对接。只有前后端结合以后一个小程序才算完整的。

<blockquote><p>目前小程序已在前端占了一席之地,最近公司项目上用的就是小程序开发,由于功能及页面不是很多,所以直接原生开发,毕竟坑可能会少点,在开发过程中,小程序自带导航栏和客户的设计稿导航栏排在一起,感觉很别扭,因此要求去掉枣孝漏微信的自带导航栏,微信提供了这方面的api,接下来我们就实 *** 。</p></blockquote><div class="image-package"><img src="凳烂 https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/8877503-c85b39b2671d31b7.jpeg " img-data="{"format":"jpeg","size":14897,"height":141,"width":963}" class="uploaded-img" style="min-height:200pxmin-width:200px" width="auto" height="auto"/>

</div><p><span style="font-size:15px">这是小程序官方文档截图,可以看到导航栏样式支持两种,默认是带导航栏,另外一种是自定义导航栏-custom,如果使用自定义导航栏,我们可以</span></p><p><strong><span style="font-size:15px">全局配置</span></strong><span style="font-size:15px"/></p><span style="font-size:inherit">//app.json</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">"window"</span>: {

<span style="font-size:inherit">"navigationStyle"</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">"custom"</span>

}

<p><strong><span style="font-size:15px">单页面配置</span></strong></p><span style="font-size:inherit">//page.json</span>

{

<span style="font-size:inherit">"navigationStyle"</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">"custom"</span>

}

<p><strong><span style="font-size:15px">效果对比</span></strong>

</p><div class="image-package"><img src=" https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/8877503-1d120c002c6ef37c.jpeg " img-data="{"format":"jpeg","size":17446,"height":352,"width":922}" class="uploaded-img" style="min-height:200pxmin-width:200px" width="auto" height="auto"/>

</div><span style="font-size:15px">能明显的看出来,自定义导航栏页面内容已经顶到屏幕顶端,除了胶囊按钮,其他都是页面可控区域。</span><span style="font-size:15px">每个手机的屏幕都不一样,各家系统的状态栏高度也不一样,因此,慎野我们在开发页面时要考虑屏幕的适配,有刘海的,要留出刘海的距离,没有的,要把状态栏高度留出来。</span><p><strong><span style="font-size:16px">1.获取导航栏高度及按钮位置</span></strong>

</p><p><span style="font-size:15px">微信提供了获取导航栏高度的Api和胶囊按钮位置的Api</span>

</p><span style="font-size:inherit">// 系统信息</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">const</span>systemInfo = wx.getSystemInfoSync()

<span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊按钮位置信息</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">const</span>menuButtonInfo = wx.getMenuButtonBoundingClientRect()

<p><span style="font-size:15px">在控制台打印出这两个Api返回结果</span></p><div class="image-package"><img src=" https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/8877503-7925dd39fb0ec47a.jpeg " img-data="{"format":"jpeg","size":39744,"height":497,"width":679}" class="uploaded-img" style="min-height:200pxmin-width:200px" width="auto" height="auto"/>

</div><p><span style="font-size:15px">这里面我们只说几个我们接下来用到的参数。</span></p>statusBarHeight <span style="font-size:inherit">// 状态栏高度</span>

screenWidth <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊的宽度</span>

top <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊到顶部距离</span>

height <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊的高度</span>

right <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊距离右边的距离</span>

<p><span style="font-size:15px">通过这几个参数,我们可以计算出状态栏的高度,微信胶囊所占的高度(存在padding值,可以使元素和胶囊纵向居中)</span>

</p><p><span style="font-size:15px">首先在app.js中定义全局data-globalData</span></p>globalData: {

navBarHeight: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>, <span style="font-size:inherit">// 导航栏高度</span>

menuBotton: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>, <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊距底部间距(保持底部间距一致)</span>

menuRight: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>,<span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊距右方间距(方保持左、右间距一致)</span>

menuHeight: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>, <span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊高度(自定义内容可与胶囊高度保证一致)</span>

},

<p><span style="font-size:15px">新建个方法</span>

</p>setNavBarInfo() {

<span style="font-size:inherit">// 获取系统信息</span>

const systemInfo = wx.getSystemInfoSync()

<span style="font-size:inherit">// 胶囊按钮位置信息</span>

const menuButtonInfo = wx.getMenuButtonBoundingClientRect()

<span style="font-size:inherit">// 导航栏高度 = 状态栏到胶囊的间距(胶囊距上距离-状态栏高度) * 2 + 胶囊高度 + 状态栏高度</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">this</span>.globalData.navBarHeight = (menuButtonInfo.top - systemInfo.statusBarHeight) * <span style="font-size:inherit">2</span>+ menuButtonInfo.height + systemInfo.statusBarHeight

<span style="font-size:inherit">this</span>.globalData.menuBotton = menuButtonInfo.top - systemInfo.statusBarHeight

<span style="font-size:inherit">this</span>.globalData.menuRight = systemInfo.screenWidth - menuButtonInfo.right

<span style="font-size:inherit">this</span>.globalData.menuHeight = menuButtonInfo.right

}

<p><span style="font-size:15px">在onLaunch中调用,因为我这个项目是所有的导航都不用微信自带的,所以在app.js</span>

</p><p><span style="font-size:15px">中调用及设置data。</span></p>onLaunch() {

<span style="font-size:inherit">this</span>.setNavBarInfo()

},

<p><span style="font-size:15px"/><span style="font-size:15px">到这里所需要用到的都已经存了起来,页面用法也比较简单,排除状态栏的高度,设置导航栏的高度和胶囊高度保持,用flex布局。</span>

</p><p><strong><span style="font-size:16px">2.页面适配</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size:15px">首先page.js中定义变量</span></p><span style="font-size:inherit">var</span>app = getApp()

Page({

<span style="font-size:inherit">/*

* 页面的初始数据

/</span>

data: {

navBarHeight: app.globalData.navBarHeight, <span style="font-size:inherit">//导航栏高度</span>

menuBotton: app.globalData.menuBotton, <span style="font-size:inherit">//导航栏距离顶部距离</span>

menuRight: app.globalData.menuRight, <span style="font-size:inherit">//导航栏距离右侧距离</span>

menuHeight: app.globalData.menuHeight, <span style="font-size:inherit">//导航栏高度</span>

}

})

<p><span style="font-size:15px">页面使用</span>

</p><span style="font-size:inherit"><<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span><span style="font-size:inherit">class</span>=<span style="font-size:inherit">"nav"</span><span style="font-size:inherit">style</span>=<span style="font-size:inherit">"height:{{navBarHeight}}px"</span>></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"><<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span><span style="font-size:inherit">class</span>=<span style="font-size:inherit">"nav-main"</span>></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"><<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">class</span>=<span style="font-size:inherit">"capsule-box"</span> <span style="font-size:inherit">style</span>=<span style="font-size:inherit">"style="</span><span style="font-size:inherit">height:</span>{{menuHeight+menuBotton 2}}<span style="font-size:inherit">px</span><span style="font-size:inherit">min-height:</span>{{menuHeight}}<span style="font-size:inherit">px</span><span style="font-size:inherit">line-height:</span>{{menuHeight}}<span style="font-size:inherit">px</span><span style="font-size:inherit">bottom:0px</span><span style="font-size:inherit">padding:0</span>{{menuRight}}<span style="font-size:inherit">px</span>"></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"><<span style="font-size:inherit">slot</span>></span><span style="font-size:inherit"></<span style="font-size:inherit">slot</span>></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"></<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span>></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"></<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span>></span>

<span style="font-size:inherit"></<span style="font-size:inherit">view</span>></span>

<p><span style="font-size:15px">wxss</span>

</p><span style="font-size:inherit">/ 公共导航 */</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">.nav</span>{

<span style="font-size:inherit">position</span>: fixed

<span style="font-size:inherit">top</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">left</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">0</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">box-sizing</span>: border-box

<span style="font-size:inherit">width</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">100vw</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">z-index</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">1000</span>

}

<span style="font-size:inherit">.nav-main</span>{

<span style="font-size:inherit">width</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">100%</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">height</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">100%</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">box-sizing</span>: border-box

<span style="font-size:inherit">position</span>: relative

}

<span style="font-size:inherit">.nav</span><span style="font-size:inherit">.capsule-box</span>{

<span style="font-size:inherit">position</span>: absolute

<span style="font-size:inherit">box-sizing</span>: border-box

<span style="font-size:inherit">width</span>: <span style="font-size:inherit">100%</span>

<span style="font-size:inherit">display</span>: flex

<span style="font-size:inherit">align-items</span>: center

}

<p><span style="font-size:15px">最终效果</span></p><div class="image-package"><img src=" https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/8877503-ef017724a144e58c.jpeg " img-data="{"format":"jpeg","size":4933,"height":105,"width":349}" class="uploaded-img" style="min-height:200pxmin-width:200px" width="auto" height="auto"/>

</div><p><span style="font-size:15px"/>

</p><p><span style="font-size:15px">此种适配方案适应所有手机,应该说是最优的选择。</span></p>


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原文地址: http://outofmemory.cn/yw/12381446.html

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