数学数集符号的全写是什么英语，比如N的英语是什么

伙计。。
N是自然数集natural
numbers，缩略成N
R是实数集合。
顾名思义也就是任意一个数。。
Q是有理数集合。。
N。。。正整数集合
Z是整数集合。Z
hengshu,~~~哈哈

一、一般符号对应的英文单词

． period 句号

， comma 逗号

： colon 冒号

； semicolon 分号

！ exclamation 惊叹号

？ question mark 问号

─ hyphen 连字符

’ apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号

— dash 破折号

‘’single quotation marks 单引号

“”double quotation marks 双引号

( ) parentheses 圆括号

[ ] square brackets 方括号

《 》French quotes 法文引号；书名号

ellipsis 省略号

¨ tandem colon 双点号

" ditto 同上

‖ parallel 平行

／ virgule 斜线号

＆ ampersand = and

～ swung dash 代字号

§ section; division 分节号

→ arrow 箭号；参见号

＋ plus 加号；正号

－ minus 减号；负号

± plus or minus 正负号

× is multiplied by or cross 叉乘

÷ is divided by 除号

＝ is equal to 等于号

≠ is not equal to 不等于号

≡ is equivalent to 全等于号

≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号

≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号

＜ is less than 小于号

＞ is more than （is greater than在数学中更常用） 大于号

≮ is not less than 不小于号

≯ is not more than 不大于号

≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号

≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号

％ per cent 百分之…

‰ per mill 千分之…

∞ infinity 无限大号

∝ varies as 与…成比例

√ (square) root 平方根

∵ since; because 因为

∴ hence 所以

∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例

∠ angle 角

⌒ semicircle 半圆

⊙ circle 圆

○ circumference 圆周

π pi 圆周率

△ triangle 三角形

⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于；另外normal to，right to也都有垂直的意思。

∪ union of 并，合集

∩ intersection of 交，通集

∫ the integral of …的积分

∑ (sigma) summation of 总和

° degree 度

′ minute 分

″ second 秒

＃ pound …号

∏ pi

dot (点乘就是centered dot)

f’ f prime f撇



A上面一个横杠：A bar

A上面一个星星： A asterisk

A上面一个波浪线～：A tilde

A的厄米共轭（注意不是加号，那个竖比横长）：A dagger（dagger：短剑，匕首）





偏微分符号（不好意思，打不出来） 有人把它读partial 或者d

但这样读都不正规，最正规读法为round

因为这个符号是法国人发明的，一开始就叫round



倒三角符号（不好意思，打不出来2） 读作nabla或者del

读nabla的居多，后者在某些英文书里会见到。



nabla符号本身具有不同的功能，当它按不同的乘法规则作用于函数时会分别得到

梯度：grandient 符号为grad

散度：divergence 符号为div

此时可直接读作grandient（divergence） of





二、一些函数关系的读法



A与B的乘积 the ___ product of A and B

（___中填乘积的性质，例如外积就填outer，内积就填inner)



A乘以B A times B or A is multiplied by B



A/B A over B B分之A的最普通读法

f(x) f of x 函数f(x)

exp(n) e to powers of n e的n次幂

三、 Pronunciation of Numerals 数词的读法

1Cardinals and Ordinals 基数和序数



(1)100以内的数词

基数 序数

Roman Arabic

Numerals Numerals

罗马数字 阿拉伯数字 读法 数码 读法

I 1 one 1st the first

II 2 two 2nd the second

III 3 three 3rd the third

IV 4 four 4th the fourth

V 5 five 5th the fifth

VI 6 six 6th the sixth

VII 7 seven 7th the seventh

VIII 8 eight 8th the eighth

IX 9 nine 9th the ninth

X 10 ten 10th the tenth

XI 11 eleven 11th the eleventh

XII 12 twelve 12th the twelfth

XIII 13 thirteen 13th the thirteenth

XIV 14 fourteen 14th the fourteenth

XV 15 fifteen 15th the fifteenth

XVI 16 sixteen 16th the sixteenth

XVII 17 seventeen 17th the seventeenth

XVIII 18 eighteen 18th the eighteenth

XIX 19 nineteen 19th the nineteenth

XX 20 twenty 20th the twentieth

XXI 21 twenty-one 21st the twenty-first

XXV 25 twenty-five 25th the twenty-fifth

XXX 30 thirty 30th the thirtieth

XL 40 forty 40th the fortieth

L 50 fifty 50th the fiftieth

LX 60 sixty 60th the sixtieth

LXX 70 seventy 70th the seventieth

LXXX 80 eighty 80th the eightieth

XC 90 ninety 90th the ninetieth

IC 99 ninety-nine 99th the ninety-ninth

C 100 one hundred 100th the hundredth

CII 102 a hundred 102nd the (one) hundred

and two and second

246 two hundred and forty-six

751 seven hundred and fifty-one



(2)1000以上的数词

1,000 = one thousand 一千

10,000 = ten thousand 一万

100,000 = one hundred thousand 十万

1,000,000 = one million 一百万

10,000,000 = ten million 一千万

100,000,000=one hundred million 一亿



(3)十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的读法：

英国 美国

十亿 one thousand million = one billion

百亿 ten thousand million = ten billion

千亿 one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion

万亿 one billion = one trillion



2Fractions 分数



通常将分子读为基数，将分母读为序数。

1/2 = a (or one) half

1/3 = a (or one) third

1/4 = a quarter or one fouth

1/5 = a (or one) fifth

2/3 = two thirds

9/10 = nine tenths

53/4 = five and three quarters

15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four

15% = fifteen per cent

4‰ = four per mill



3Decimals 小数



04 = zero (or nought) point four

01 = point (or decimal) nought one

1234 = twelve point three four

567809 = five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine

3045 = thirty point four five, five recurring

03% = decimal three percent



4Mathematic Forms 数学式



(1) Addition 加法

1+2=3 One and two are three

2+3=5 Two plus three equals five

4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four

45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267

the sum (or total) is 267

演算时的读法： Three and seven are ten; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a nought

and carry one Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen,and three

sixteen; I write down six and carry one One and one (that I carry) are two; I put down

two- The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and sixty 37,80

and 143 added together, and(or make) 260



(2)Subtraction 减法

9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five

15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight

23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479 The difference

(or The remainder) is 15,479

Nine from five won`t go

演算时的读法：Nought from nought (leaves) nought One from one leaves nought (or nothing)

Two from three (leaves) one I can`t take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten;

five from fourteen leaves nine- The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand one

hundred 5210 (take or substracted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100



(3)Multiplication 乘法

1×0=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought

1×1=1 Once one is one

2×1=2 Twice one is two

3×5=15 Three times five is fifteen

6×0=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing

演算时的读法: Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five; I put down five

and carry four Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I write

down nine and carry three Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) thirty-three; I put

down thirty-three

Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and carry seven Eight sevens make

fifty-six and seven are sixty-three I put down three and carry six Eight sixes make forty-eight

and six fifty-four; I write down fifty-four

I now add the partial results (or products) Five Two and nine are eleven Three and three are

six and one are seven Four and three make seven Five



(4)Division 除法

9÷3=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to) three

20÷5=4 Five into twenty goes four times

4567÷23=198余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder

The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder

演算时的读法: Fifteen into thirteen won`t go ; fifteen into one hundred and thirty-eight goes nine

times; nine times fifteen are one hundred and threty-five; one hundred and thirty-five from one hundred

and thirty-eight leaves three; I bring down seven; fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteen

are thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven

The (exact) quotient is ninety-two, and seven remainder; 15 into 1387 goes 92 times, and 7 remainder



5Time 时间



(1)Hours 钟点

2h5’8" = two hours five minutes eight seconds 2小时5分8秒

618 = six eighteen 6时18分

830 am= eight thirty am[’ei ’em] 上午8时30分

the 605 pmtrain = the six (nought) five pm[’pi:’em] train 下午6时零5分列车

又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下：

0900 = 0 nine hunderd (上午)9时

0910 = 0 nine ten (上午)9时10分

1300 = thirteen hundred 13时(下午1时)

1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15时25分(下午3时25分)

2000 = twenty hundred 20时(下午8时)

at 5 o’c =at five o’clock 五点钟



(2)Date 日期

Oct1 =October first 10月1日

Oct1st = October the first 10月1日

Ist Oct 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949年10月1日

3/5 = [英]May (the) third 5月3日；[美]March fifth 3月5日

[附注]联系日期前置词用on



(3)Year 年份

684 BC =Six eighty-four BC [’bi:’si:] 公元前684年

1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty

19- nineteen something

1950’s nineteen fifties 二十世纪五十年代

[附注]联系年份的前置词用in





6Numbers 号码



(1)Telephones Numbers　电话号码

1023 = one O two three; ten twenty-three

1227 = one double two (or two two) seven

0386 = O three eight six

0096 = double O(or O O )nine six

7000 = seven O double O = seven thousand

No26= Number 26 第26号

Room 201 = Room two O one 第201房间

10 Changan Street = Ten Changan Street 长安街10号



(2)Writings 书籍作品

VolI = Volume one (or the first volume) 卷一

ChapII= Chapter two (or the second chapter) 第2章

Page 3 = page Three (or the third page) 第3页

See pp5-10 = See Pages five to ten 见第5-10页

Act V = Act five (or the fifth act) 第5幕

Hamlet III 1:56 = Hamlet Act Three, Secene OneLine fifty-six 《哈姆雷特》第3幕第一场第56行

Matt7:12 = Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve 《马可福音》第七章第12节

Beethoven Op49 = Beethoven Opus forty-nine 贝多芬作品第49号

4to = quarto 四本开 8vo = octavo 八本开



(3)Other 其他

World War I = World War One 第一次世界大战

World War II = World War Two 第二次世界大战

Charles I= Charles the First 查理一世

Henry V = Henry the Fifth 亨利五世

Mr- = Mr Dash; Mr So-and-so 某某先生

MrB - = Mr B

-Esq,of -= the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University 某大学某某先生

the town ōf = the town of Blank 某某城

The result of the game was 3-0 比赛结果是三比零。





7Money 货币



(1)British currency 英币

6d = six pence 六便士

1/2d = a halfpenny 半便士

11/2d = a peney halfpenny or three halfpeny or three halfpence一便士半

1/4d = a farthing 一个铜元

33/4d= three pence three farghings 三便士三铜元

1s6d(or 1/6) = one (shilling) and six (pence) 一先令六便士

￡118 = (or￡118s)= one pound eighteen (shillings) 一镑十八先令

￡13s6d = one pound, three shillings (and) sixpence

4/51/2(or4s51/2d) = four (shillings) and five pence halfpenny



(2)US currency

120 dollar (and) twenty (cents) 美金一元二角

425 = four dollars twenty-five cents 美金四元二角五分



(3)Soviet currency 前苏联币

6 Rb 15 = six roubles fifteen kopecks 六卢布十五戈比



(4) German currency 德币

1 m 60 = one mark sixty pfennig -马克六十芬尼



(5)French currency 法国币

1 fr30 = one franc thirty (centimes) -法郎三十生丁

0 fr15 = fifteen centimes 十五生丁



(6) Chinese People’s Currency 人民币

150 = one yuan and a half 一元五角

JMP 1035 = JMP ten yuan thirty-five (fen) 人民币十元三角五分

附注：yuan单复数没有变化：也可作为日本本位币“圆”的符号。





8 Weight and Measures 度量衡



(1)length,area, and volume 长度、面积和容积

3 in = three inches 三英寸

15 ft5 in = fifteen foot five (inches) 十五英尺五英寸

[附注] 尤其在inches省略时, ft读作foot;如果inches也念出来，ft可以读作fett

18’6 5/1"= eighteen foot six and a fifth (inches)

10×8feet= ten by eight feet 十英尺长，八英尺宽

5"×4×31/2 = five inches by four by three and a half 长五英寸，宽四英寸，高三英寸半

[附注] 以上二例中，乘号×表示面积或容积。



(2)Weight 重量

12 dr 23 gr= Twelve drams twenty-three grains 十二打兰二十三喱

10 oz 4 dr = Ten ounces four drams 十盎司打兰



(3)Capacity 容量

3 gi = three gills 三及耳

1 qt 1 pt = one quart one pint 一夸脱一品脱

[附注] qt,pt 的复数是qts,pts,也可以不加s

20 gal 5 qt =Twenty gallons five quarts 二十加仑五夸脱

5 bu 3 pk = Five bushels three pecks 五蒲式耳三配克

数学符号ε，读作艾普西龙，英文读音epsilon，国际音标/'epsɪlɒn/。

ε，希腊字母第五个字母，大写Ε，小写ε，拉丁字母的E是从ε变来。也可以指的是美式英语中使用的一个音标，即bed的e音。也是德国物理学家普朗克能量量子化假说中的最小能量值ε（叫能量子）。

希腊字母读音及科学上的应用

Αα，alpha，／ˈælfə／，角度，系数，角加速度。

Ββ，beta，／'beitə／，磁通量，角度，系数。

Γγ，gamma，／'gæmə／，电导系数，角度，比热容比。

Δδ，delta，／'deltə／，变化量，屈光度，判别式，偏导（偏微商）。

Ζζ，zeta，／'zi:tə／，系数，方位角，阻抗，相对粘度。

Ηη，eta，／'i:tə／，迟滞系数，效率。

Θθ，theta，／'θi:tə／，温度，角度。

∧λ，lambda，/'læmdə／，波长，体积，导热系数。

Μμ，mu，/mju:/，磁导系数，微，动摩擦系（因）数，流体动力粘度。

Νν，nu，/nju:/，磁阻系数，流体运动粘度，光子频率，化学方程式中气体系数。

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