第一、链路聚合的定义和作用是什么?
第二、如何配置链路聚合?
第三、链路聚合的实际应用场景有那些?
第一、链路聚合的定义和作用是什么?
答:链路聚合的定义:链路聚合,官方称聚合链接,民间又称网卡组队,具体指的是将多个网卡绑定在一起组建一个虚拟网卡,外界与虚拟网卡进行通信,虚拟网卡再将信息进行分发;
链路聚合的作用:可以实现轮询式的流量负载均衡和热备份的作用;
举个栗子:
链路聚合就好比是一个包工头,这个包工头为了多赚钱,多接订单,肯定需要找多个小弟;
这样就可以保障,万一有一个小弟感冒了,不能上班,这时有其他小弟可以顶上;
当客户需要盖房子的时候,直接找包工头就好了,不需要一个一个的去找建筑工人;
第二、如何配置链路聚合?
答:
1、配置链路聚合的命令是:
nmcli connection add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 autoconnect yes config '{"runner": {"name": "activebackup"}}'
译为:nmcli connection 添加 类型 team(组队)
配置文件名 team0 网卡名 team0 每次开机自动启用
配置运行模式 热备份模式
整体译为:为系统网卡添加一个 team (团队),团队名称叫 team0 ,配置文件也叫 team0 , 并且设置为开机自动启动,配置运行模式为热备份模式;
2、为链路聚合添加成员的命令是:
nmcli connection add type team-slave con-name team0-1 ifname eth1 master team0
nmcli connection add type team-slave con-name team0-2 ifname eth2 master team0
注释:nmcli connection 添加类型为 team的成员
配置文件名 team0-1 网卡为 eth1 主设备为 team0
整体译为:为主设备team0添加两张网卡,eth1和eth2;
3、为tem0配置ip地址的命令是:
nmcli connection modify team0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses
“IP 地址 / 子网掩码” connection.autoconnect yes
4、激活team0的命令是:
nmcli connection up team0
第三、链路聚合的实际应用场景有那些?
答:当服务器提供比较重要的服务时,只准备一张网卡是远远不够的,因为一但网卡出现故障,客户就无法访问,这就会造成客户流失,体验感差;
这个时候就可以运用链路聚合的方法来解决,将多张网卡绑定在一起创建一张虚拟网卡,从而实现网卡热备份,流量轮询式负载均衡;
以此来保障服务器能够正常提供服务,给用户以良好的体验;
注意事项:
在创建虚拟网卡和添加成员时,如果命令敲错了,一定要删除错误的信息,以免造成通信混乱;
删除的命令是:nmcli connection delete team0 (team0或team x)
查看team0的信息命令是: teamdctl team0 state
以上.......
(本篇完)
祝:开心!
罗贵
2019-03-24
如果使用了多路径方案,可以直接使用multipath绑定设备名不需要用到asmlib或UDEV请直接参考文档:Configuringnon-rawmultipathdevicesforOracleClusterware11g(11.1.0,11.2.0)onRHEL5/OL5[ID605828.1][root@vrh1~]#foriin`cat/proc/partitions|awk'{print$4}'|grepsd|grep[a-z]$`doecho"###$i:`scsi_id-g-u-s/block/$i`"done###sda:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695_###sdb:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_###sdc:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_###sdd:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_###sde:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_###sdf:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_###sdg:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_###sdh:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_###sdi:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_###sdj:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_###sdk:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_[root@vrh1~]#grep-v^#/etc/multipath.confdefaults{user_friendly_namesyes}defaults{udev_dir/devpolling_interval10selector"round-robin0"path_grouping_policyfailovergetuid_callout"/sbin/scsi_id-g-u-s/block/%n"prio_callout/bin/truepath_checkerreadsector0rr_min_io100rr_weightprioritiesfailbackimmediate#no_path_retryfailuser_friendly_nameyes}devnode_blacklist{devnode"^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"devnode"^hd[a-z]"devnode"^cciss!c[0-9]d[0-9]*"}multipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasvoting1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasvoting2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasvoting3path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_aliasocr1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_aliasocr2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_aliasocr3path_grouping_policyfailover}}[root@vrh1~]#multipath[root@vrh1~]#multipath-llmpath2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_)dm-9ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-8:0:0:0sdi8:128activereadyrunningmpath1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_)dm-8ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-7:0:0:0sdh8:112activereadyrunningocr3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_)dm-7ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-6:0:0:0sdg8:96activereadyrunningocr2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_)dm-6ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-5:0:0:0sdf8:80activereadyrunningocr1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_)dm-5ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-4:0:0:0sde8:64activereadyrunningvoting3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_)dm-4ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-3:0:0:0sdd8:48activereadyrunningvoting2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_)dm-3ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-2:0:0:0sdc8:32activereadyrunningvoting1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_)dm-2ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-1:0:0:0sdb8:16activereadyrunningmpath4(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_)dm-11ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-10:0:0:0sdk8:160activereadyrunningmpath3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_)dm-10ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-9:0:0:0sdj8:144activereadyrunning[root@vrh1~]#dmsetupls|sortmpath1(253,8)mpath2(253,9)mpath3(253,10)mpath4(253,11)ocr1(253,5)ocr2(253,6)ocr3(253,7)VolGroup00-LogVol00(253,0)VolGroup00-LogVol01(253,1)voting1(253,2)voting2(253,3)voting3(253,4)[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/mapper/*crw-------1rootroot10,62Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/controlbrw-rw----1rootdisk253,8Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,9Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,10Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,11Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath4brw-rw----1rootdisk253,5Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,6Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,7Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,0Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00brw-rw----1rootdisk253,1Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01brw-rw----1rootdisk253,2Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,3Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,4Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting3[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/dm*brw-rw----1rootroot253,0Oct1709:58/dev/dm-0brw-rw----1rootroot253,1Oct1709:58/dev/dm-1brw-rw----1rootroot253,10Oct1900:11/dev/dm-10brw-rw----1rootroot253,11Oct1900:11/dev/dm-11brw-rw----1rootroot253,2Oct1900:11/dev/dm-2brw-rw----1rootroot253,3Oct1900:11/dev/dm-3brw-rw----1rootroot253,4Oct1900:11/dev/dm-4brw-rw----1rootroot253,5Oct1900:11/dev/dm-5brw-rw----1rootroot253,6Oct1900:11/dev/dm-6brw-rw----1rootroot253,7Oct1900:11/dev/dm-7brw-rw----1rootroot253,8Oct1900:11/dev/dm-8brw-rw----1rootroot253,9Oct1900:11/dev/dm-9[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/disk/by-id/total0lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0->../../asm-diskblrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d->../../asm-diskilrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e->../../asm-diskflrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9->../../asm-diskglrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a->../../asm-diskelrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678->../../asm-diskklrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4->../../asm-diskjlrwxrwxrwx1rootroot9Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695->../../sdalrwxrwxrwx1rootroot10Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part1->../../sda1lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot10Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part2->../../sda2lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33->../../asm-diskclrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d->../../asm-diskhlrwxrwxrwx1rootroot15Oct1709:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8->../../asm-diskdReportAbuseLike(0)2.Re:asm磁盘使用链路聚合设备名,IO性能只有非聚合设备的1/6!LiuMaclean(刘相兵)ExpertLiuMaclean(刘相兵)Jul21,201311:09AM(inresponseto13628)step1:[oracle@vrh8mapper]$cat/etc/multipath.confmultipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasasm-disk1mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasasm-disk2mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasasm-disk3mode660uid501gid503}}第二步:rebootorservicemultipathdrestart第三步:[oracle@vrh8mapper]$ls-l/dev/mapper/asm-disk*brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,4Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk1brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,2Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk2brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,3Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk3可以通过桥接网络:在这种模式下,VMWare虚拟出来的 *** 作系统就像是局域网中的一台独立的主机,它可以访问网内任何一台机器。
步骤如下:
1、首先看一下虚拟机的网络状态,显示网线断开。
2、在设置之前先关闭虚拟机。
3、关机之后,找到右侧栏中网络设置选项,点击。
4、在d出的窗口中选择桥接模式。
5、现在重新开机,看一下网络状态。就完成了。
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