安全模式:集群启动时,DN所有的DN都必须向MM汇报磁盘使用状态和block存储信息。在此之前出于对hdfs的保护,会禁止访问hdfs,此状态为安全模式
1.查看安全模式状态#查看安全模式状态 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode get #-状态- on|off #-----2.手工开启安全模式状态
#手工进入安全模式 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode enter3.手工关闭安全模式状态
#手工退出安全模式 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode leave2、文件 *** 作指令
指令的一般格式如下:
hdfs dfs -CMD [-OPTION] [path1] ★★★#使用较多 hadoop fs -CMD [-OPTION] [path1]1.查看文件目录
#查看指定路径的当前目录结构 hdfs dfs -ls <路径> #查看HDFS根目录结构的文件组成 hdfs dfs -ls / #-------------------------------------------------------------- Found 1 items drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 08:37 /tmp #-------------------------------------------------------------- #递归查看指定路径的目录结构 hdfs dfs -ls -R <路径> #递归根目录的目录结构 hdfs dfs -lsr / hdfs dfs -ls -R / #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test/kb16 drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 12:25 /test/kb16/hadoop -rw-r--r-- 1 root supergroup 678260987 2021-12-29 12:25 /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.查看文件夹情况
#统计目录下个文件大小 hdfs dfs -du <路径> #统计/test/kb16/hadoop/下文件大小 hdfs dfs -du /test/kb16/hadoop/ #-------------------------------------------------- 678260987 678260987 /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv #-------------------------------------------------- #汇总统计目录下文件(夹)大小 hdfs dfs -du -s <路径> #汇总统计目录下文件(夹)大小 hdfs dfs -du -s / #---------------------- 678260987 678260987 / #---------------------- #统计文件(夹)数量 hdfs dfs -count [-q] <路径> #统计文件(夹)数量 #------------------- 10 1 678260987 / #-------------------3.文件 *** 作
#移动文件 hdfs dfs -mv <源路径> <目的路径> #将ratings.csv移动到/tmp/hadoop-yarn中 hdfs dfs -mv /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv /tmp/hadoop-yarn #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test/kb16 drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 17:41 /test/kb16/hadoop drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 08:37 /tmp drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 17:41 /tmp/hadoop-yarn -rw-r--r-- 1 root supergroup 678260987 2021-12-29 12:25 /tmp/hadoop-yarn/ratings.csv #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将指定路径文件复制到目标路径 hdfs dfs -cp <源路径> <目的路径> #将/test/kb16/hadoop下的ratings.csv复制到test/kb16中 hdfs dfs -cp hdfs dfs -cp /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv /test/kb16 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021-12-29 17:47:27,806 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:27,980 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:28,537 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:29,513 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:30,365 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:31,239 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:32,106 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false /test/kb16 2021-12-29 17:47:27,806 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:27,980 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:28,537 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:29,513 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:30,365 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:31,239 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:32,106 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #删除文件/空白文件夹 hdfs dfs -rm [-skiptrash] <路径> #删除/test/kb16下的ratings.csv hdfs dfs -rm /test/kb16/ratings.csv #----------------------------- Deleted /test/kb16/ratings.csv #----------------------------- #递归删除文件/空白文件夹 hdfs dfs -rmr [-skiptrash] <路径>4.上传文件
#上传文件到hadoop中 hdfs dfs -put <多个linux上的文件>5、获取文件#上传文件到/test/kb16中 hdfs dfs -put ratings.csv /test/kb16 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:07:24,565 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,012 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,257 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,673 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:26,478 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:27,162 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将本地文件移动到hdfs路径上 hdfs dfs -copyfromlocal <多个linux上的文件> #将本地文件复制到hdfs路径上 hdfs dfs -movefromlocal <多个linux上的文件>
#将hdfs中路径文件下载到本地 hdfs dfs -get6.查看文件内容#将hadoop中/test/kb16/hadoop下的ratings.csv下载到根目录中 hdfs dfs -get /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv ~/ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:15:14,441 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将hdfs中路径文件合并到本地 hdfs dfs -getmerge <源路径> # hdfs dfs -getmerge /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv ratings.csv #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:18:08,398 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将文件从HDFS中复制到本地 hdfs dfs -copytolocal [-ignorecrc] [-crc] [hdfs源路径] [linux目的路径] #将文件从HDFS中移动到本地 hdfs dfs -movetolocal [-crc] 从本地移动
#利用管道符进行文件的查看 hdfs dfs -cat path|查询范围 #利用text命令查看文件内容 hdfs dfs -text7.创建目录查看文件内容 #查看文件尾部信息 hdfs dfs -tail [-f] <文件> #查看文件头部信息 hdfs dfs -head [-f] <文件>
#创建多级文件目录 hdfs dfs -mkdir -p path1/path28.修改副本数量
修改hadoop备份的副本数量,默认是三份
#修改hadoop备份的副本数量 hdfs dfs -setrep [-r] [-w] <副本数> <路径>9.创建空白文件(不推荐使用)
利用-touchz命令创建空白文件的过程中可能会产生错误,因此不推荐使用这个命令
#在指定路径上创建创建空白文件 hdfs dfs -touchz <文件路径>10.显示文件统计信息
#显示文件统计信息 hdfs dfs -stat -stat [format] <路径> #------------------ 2021-12-29 04:25:27 #------------------11、修改权限
#修改文件权限 hdfs dfs -chmod [-r] <权限模式> [路径] #修改文件的所有者 hdfs dfs -chown [-r] [属主][:[属组]] 路径 #修改文件所属的用户组 hdfs dfs -chgrp [-r] 属组名称 路径12、查看指令的帮助信息
#查看指令的帮助信息 hdfs dfs -help [命令选项]1、安全模式
安全模式:集群启动时,DN所有的DN都必须向MM汇报磁盘使用状态和block存储信息。在此之前出于对hdfs的保护,会禁止访问hdfs,此状态为安全模式
1.查看安全模式状态#查看安全模式状态 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode get #-状态- on|off #-----2.手工开启安全模式状态
#手工进入安全模式 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode enter3.手工关闭安全模式状态
#手工退出安全模式 hdfs dfsasmin --safemode leave2、文件 *** 作指令
指令的一般格式如下:
hdfs dfs -CMD [-OPTION] [path1] ★★★#使用较多 hadoop fs -CMD [-OPTION] [path1]1.查看文件目录
#查看指定路径的当前目录结构 hdfs dfs -ls <路径> #查看HDFS根目录结构的文件组成 hdfs dfs -ls / #-------------------------------------------------------------- Found 1 items drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 08:37 /tmp #-------------------------------------------------------------- #递归查看指定路径的目录结构 hdfs dfs -ls -R <路径> #递归根目录的目录结构 hdfs dfs -lsr / hdfs dfs -ls -R / #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test/kb16 drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 12:25 /test/kb16/hadoop -rw-r--r-- 1 root supergroup 678260987 2021-12-29 12:25 /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.查看文件夹情况
#统计目录下个文件大小 hdfs dfs -du <路径> #统计/test/kb16/hadoop/下文件大小 hdfs dfs -du /test/kb16/hadoop/ #-------------------------------------------------- 678260987 678260987 /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv #-------------------------------------------------- #汇总统计目录下文件(夹)大小 hdfs dfs -du -s <路径> #汇总统计目录下文件(夹)大小 hdfs dfs -du -s / #---------------------- 678260987 678260987 / #---------------------- #统计文件(夹)数量 hdfs dfs -count [-q] <路径> #统计文件(夹)数量 #------------------- 10 1 678260987 / #-------------------3.文件 *** 作
#移动文件 hdfs dfs -mv <源路径> <目的路径> #将ratings.csv移动到/tmp/hadoop-yarn中 hdfs dfs -mv /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv /tmp/hadoop-yarn #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 10:07 /test/kb16 drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 17:41 /test/kb16/hadoop drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 08:37 /tmp drwxrwx--- - root supergroup 0 2021-12-29 17:41 /tmp/hadoop-yarn -rw-r--r-- 1 root supergroup 678260987 2021-12-29 12:25 /tmp/hadoop-yarn/ratings.csv #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将指定路径文件复制到目标路径 hdfs dfs -cp <源路径> <目的路径> #将/test/kb16/hadoop下的ratings.csv复制到test/kb16中 hdfs dfs -cp hdfs dfs -cp /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv /test/kb16 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021-12-29 17:47:27,806 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:27,980 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:28,537 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:29,513 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:30,365 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:31,239 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:32,106 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false /test/kb16 2021-12-29 17:47:27,806 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:27,980 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:28,537 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:29,513 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:30,365 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:31,239 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 17:47:32,106 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #删除文件/空白文件夹 hdfs dfs -rm [-skiptrash] <路径> #删除/test/kb16下的ratings.csv hdfs dfs -rm /test/kb16/ratings.csv #----------------------------- Deleted /test/kb16/ratings.csv #----------------------------- #递归删除文件/空白文件夹 hdfs dfs -rmr [-skiptrash] <路径>4.上传文件
#上传文件到hadoop中 hdfs dfs -put <多个linux上的文件>5、获取文件#上传文件到/test/kb16中 hdfs dfs -put ratings.csv /test/kb16 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:07:24,565 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,012 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,257 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:25,673 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:26,478 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false 2021-12-29 18:07:27,162 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将本地文件移动到hdfs路径上 hdfs dfs -copyfromlocal <多个linux上的文件> #将本地文件复制到hdfs路径上 hdfs dfs -movefromlocal <多个linux上的文件>
#将hdfs中路径文件下载到本地 hdfs dfs -get6.查看文件内容#将hadoop中/test/kb16/hadoop下的ratings.csv下载到根目录中 hdfs dfs -get /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv ~/ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:15:14,441 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将hdfs中路径文件合并到本地 hdfs dfs -getmerge <源路径> # hdfs dfs -getmerge /test/kb16/hadoop/ratings.csv ratings.csv #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021-12-29 18:18:08,398 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #将文件从HDFS中复制到本地 hdfs dfs -copytolocal [-ignorecrc] [-crc] [hdfs源路径] [linux目的路径] #将文件从HDFS中移动到本地 hdfs dfs -movetolocal [-crc] 从本地移动
#利用管道符进行文件的查看 hdfs dfs -cat path|查询范围 #利用text命令查看文件内容 hdfs dfs -text7.创建目录查看文件内容 #查看文件尾部信息 hdfs dfs -tail [-f] <文件> #查看文件头部信息 hdfs dfs -head [-f] <文件>
#创建多级文件目录 hdfs dfs -mkdir -p path1/path28.修改副本数量
修改hadoop备份的副本数量,默认是三份
#修改hadoop备份的副本数量 hdfs dfs -setrep [-r] [-w] <副本数> <路径>9.创建空白文件(不推荐使用)
利用-touchz命令创建空白文件的过程中可能会产生错误,因此不推荐使用这个命令
#在指定路径上创建创建空白文件 hdfs dfs -touchz <文件路径>10.显示文件统计信息
#显示文件统计信息 hdfs dfs -stat -stat [format] <路径> #------------------ 2021-12-29 04:25:27 #------------------11、修改权限
#修改文件权限 hdfs dfs -chmod [-r] <权限模式> [路径] #修改文件的所有者 hdfs dfs -chown [-r] [属主][:[属组]] 路径 #修改文件所属的用户组 hdfs dfs -chgrp [-r] 属组名称 路径12、查看指令的帮助信息
#查看指令的帮助信息 hdfs dfs -help [命令选项]
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