zuul网关

zuul网关,第1张

zuul网关 Zuul路由网关简介及基本使用 简介

Zuul API路由网关服务简介

请看上图,这里的API 路由网关服务 由Zuul实现,主要就是对外提供服务接口的时候,起到了请求的路由和过滤作用,也因此能够隐藏内部服务的接口细节,从来有利于保护系统的安全性;

路由配置

Zuul 路由配置

我们新建一个module  microservice-zuul-3001

这里我们的zuul也注册到eureka服务里,端口3001;

我们修改下Hosts,专门为zuul搞个本地域名映射

hosts文件 加下:

127.0.0.1  zuul.jt.com

然后pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.jt</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>modulemicroservice-zuul-</artifactId> <properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--zuul网关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- hystrix容错 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> </project>

搞一个 application.yml

server:
port:
context-path: /
spring:
application:
name: microservice-zuul
eureka:
instance:
instance-id: microservice-zuul:
prefer-ip-address: true
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka2001.jt.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.jt.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.jt.com:2003/eureka/
info:
groupId: com.jt.testSpringcloud
artifactId: microservice-zuul-
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
userName: http://jt.com
phone:

建一个主启动类:ZuulApplication_3001

加下@EnableZuulProxy注解

package com.jt.modulemicroservicezuul3001;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy; @SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ModulemicroserviceZuul3001Application { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ModulemicroserviceZuul3001Application.class, args);
} }

再加入一个ZuulFallBack

package com.jt.modulemicroservicezuul3001.fallback;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.ZuulFallbackProvider;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream; @Component
public class ZuulFallBack implements ZuulFallbackProvider { @Override
public String getRoute() {
return "*";
} /**
* 在给zuul整合回退功能时,只要类实现ZuulFallbackProvider接口,并且注册bean即可。



*
* 不过需要注意的时,这个回退只有服务掉线或者超时的情况下才会触发(Camden.SR4版本测试是这样),
* 如果服务程序出现异常,此回退程序是不能处理的,异常会直接返回给调用者,比如页面。



*
* @return
*/
@Override
public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse() {
return new ClientHttpResponse() {
@Override
public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);//application/json;charset=UTF-8
return headers;
} @Override
public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
String msg = "服务繁忙,请稍后.....";
//new ByteArrayInputStream("{\"code\":-1,\"msg\":\"服务暂不可用\"}".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
return new ByteArrayInputStream(msg.getBytes());
} @Override
public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.getReasonPhrase();//
} @Override
public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST;
} @Override
public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
return HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value();//"Bad Request"
} @Override
public void close() { }
};
}
}

Zuul路由映射配置

上面是zuul的简单使用,从接口地址很轻易的就暴露了服务提供者的唯一标识名microservice-student;有安全风险,我们需要将其隐藏;

ignored-services的作用是将原来的服务提供者唯一标识名禁用;

Prefix的作用是给服务加前缀

yml文件中添加以下配置:

zuul:
routes:
studentServer.serviceId: microservice-student
studentServer.path: /studentServer/**
ignored-services: "*"
prefix: /jt
Zuul请求过滤配置

比如我们登录某个系统 需要身份验证,用户名密码啥的;

我们请求服务,也可以来设置身份验证,也就是过滤非法请求;Zuul通过ZuulFilter过滤器实现;

一般具体实现的话 每次经过Zuul服务网关 我们都对带来的token进行有效性验证;

我们先定义一个 AccessFilter类:

package com.jt.modulemicroservicezuul3001.filter;

import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; public class AccessFilter extends ZuulFilter { Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(AccessFilter.class); /**
* 判断该过滤器是否要被执行
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
} /**
* 过滤器的具体执行逻辑
*/
@Override
public Object run() throws ZuulException {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
String parameter = request.getParameter("accessToken");
logger.info(request.getRequestURL().toString()+" 请求访问");
if(parameter==null){
logger.error("accessToken为空!");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode();
ctx.setResponseBody("{\"result\":\"accessToken is empty!\"}");
return null;
}
// token判断逻辑
logger.info(request.getRequestURL().toString()+" 请求成功");
return null;
} /**
* 过滤器的类型 这里用pre,代表会再请求被路由之前执行
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
} /**
* 过滤器的执行顺序
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return ;
} }

然后再开启下 Filter配置:

package com.jt.modulemicroservicezuul3001.config;

import com.jt.modulemicroservicezuul3001.filter.AccessFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration
public class ZuulConfig { @Bean
public AccessFilter accessFilter(){
return new AccessFilter();
}
}

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原文地址: http://outofmemory.cn/zaji/585596.html

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