最近在贴吧上看到有个提问就是关于怎么在Winform上实时的更新数据
提问者提到的是利用Timer去轮询,但最后经过网上查了下资料,感觉Socket也是可行的,
于是就写了这个Demo
这个Demo的思路很简单:
有一个Socket服务端,只负责接收多个客户端传过来的讯息,根据讯息内容去判断是否广播
这里每一个winform窗体程序就是一个Socket客户端,如果窗体上对数据库做了更新(例如增,删,改) *** 作
就会调用一个方法,该方法主要是向Socket服务端发送一个字符串"1"
当Socket服务端接收到了字符串为"1"时,则广播给所有客户端一个字符串"1"
而当客户端接收到服务端传过来一个"1"时,则立即执行数据绑定的方法(重新将界面的DataGridVeiw数据绑定)
这样就实现了一有数据改变就实时刷新的效果
下面贴出各部分代码
================服务端====================================================
服务端的界面,比较简单
public partial class Server : Form
{
public Server()
{
InitializeComponent();
} /// <summary>
/// 已连接上的客户端集合
/// </summary>
List<Socket> clinetSockets;
/// <summary>
/// 服务端主Socket
/// </summary>
Socket socket; /// <summary>
/// 设置数据缓冲区
/// </summary>
private byte[] result = new byte[]; /// <summary>
/// 开启侦听按钮点击事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//初始化
clinetSockets = new List<Socket>();
//创建socket对象
socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); //获取ip地址和端口(其实应该把它放在配置文件中,客户端的ip和port都放在配置文件中)
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIPAddress.Text.Trim());
int port = Convert.ToInt32(txtPort.Text.Trim());
IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, port); //绑定ip和端口
socket.Bind(point);
//设置最大连接数
socket.Listen(); listBox1.Items.Add("服务器已开启,等待客户端连接中....."); //开启新线程监听
Thread serverThread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect);
serverThread.IsBackground = true;
serverThread.Start(socket); } /// <summary>
/// 监听传入
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private void ListenClientConnect(object ar)
{
//设置标志
bool flag = true;
//获得服务器的Socket
Socket serverSocket = ar as Socket;
//轮询
while (flag)
{
//获得连入的客户端socket
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();
//将新加入的客户端加入列表中
clinetSockets.Add(clientSocket); //向listbox中写入消息
listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => {
listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("客户端{0}已成功连接到服务器\r\n", clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint));
}));
//开启新的线程,进行监听客户端消息
var mReveiveThread = new Thread(ReceiveClient);
mReveiveThread.IsBackground = true;
mReveiveThread.Start(clientSocket);
} } /// <summary>
/// 接收客户端传过来的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
private void ReceiveClient(object obj)
{
//获取当前客户端
//因为每次发送消息的可能并不是同一个客户端，所以需要使用var来实例化一个新的对象
//可是我感觉这里用局部变量更好一点
var mClientSocket = (Socket)obj;
// 循环标志位
bool flag = true;
while (flag)
{
try
{
//获取数据长度
int receiveLength = mClientSocket.Receive(result);
//获取客户端消息
string clientMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, , receiveLength);
//服务端负责将客户端的消息分发给各个客户端
//判断客户端发来的消息是否是预定的标志
if (clientMessage=="")
{
//通知各客户端
this.SendMessage("");
} //向listbox中写入消息
listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => {
listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("客户端{0}发来消息{1}", mClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint, clientMessage));
})); }
catch(Exception e)
{
//从客户端列表中移除该客户端
clinetSockets.Remove(mClientSocket); //显示客户端下线消息
listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() =>
{
listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("服务器发来消息:客户端{0}从服务器断开,断开原因:{1}\r\n", mClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint, e.Message));
})); //断开连接
mClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
mClientSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
} /// <summary>
/// 向所有的客户端群发消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">message</param>
public void SendMessage(string msg)
{
//确保消息非空以及客户端列表非空
if (msg == string.Empty || clinetSockets.Count <= ) return;
//向每一个客户端发送消息
foreach (Socket s in this.clinetSockets)
{
(s as Socket).Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg));
}
} /// <summary>
/// 窗体关闭后释放资源
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Server_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{ }
}
======================================客户端=================================
public partial class Clinet : Form
{
public Clinet()
{
InitializeComponent();
} //创建数据对象
Data get = new 客户端.Data(); /// <summary>
/// 客户端的Socket
/// </summary>
Socket clinet; private void Clinet_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
RefTable();
//创建socket
CreateSocket();
} /// <summary>
/// 创建客户端的Socket
/// </summary>
private void CreateSocket()
{
// 创建socket
clinet = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
//连接
//获得ip和端口(读取配置文件)
var app = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings;
IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(app["ip"]), Convert.ToInt32(app["port"])); //连接服务器
clinet.Connect(point); //开启新线程获取服务器端消息
Thread thClinet = new Thread(new ThreadStart(CallRec));
thClinet.IsBackground = true;
thClinet.Start();
} /// <summary>
/// 接收消息
/// </summary>
private void CallRec()
{
bool flag = true;
while (flag)
{
byte[] recBuf = new byte[];
//获取返回数据的长度
int length = clinet.Receive(recBuf);
//获取监听到的数据
string reslut = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(recBuf, , length); if (reslut == "")
{
//刷新表格数据
RefTable();
}
}
} /// <summary>
/// 刷新表格
/// </summary>
private void RefTable()
{
dataGridView1.Invoke(new Action(() =>
{
dataGridView1.DataSource = get.GetPersonList();
})); } /// <summary>
/// 添加数据事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//获取用户输入
string name = txtAddName.Text;
int age = Convert.ToInt32(txtAgeAdd.Text);
string phone = txtPhoneAdd.Text; //实例化一个数据对象
Person p = new Person() { Name = name, Age = age, Phone = phone };
//写入数据
AddList(p);
} /// <summary>
/// 写入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p"></param>
private void AddList(Person p)
{
//获取数据集合
List<Person> list = dataGridView1.DataSource as List<Person>;
//加入数据
list.Add(p);
//加入数据
bool b = get.Add(list);
if (b)
{
MessageBox.Show("增加成功");
//增加成功后发送socket信息
//向服务器发送消息
clinet.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(""));
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("增加失败");
}
} private void Clinet_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{ }
}
客户端是读取的本地Json数据创建的对象集合用以模拟数据库
class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public string Phone { get; set; }
}
class Data
{
System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer js = new System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer();
public List<Person> GetPersonList()
{
//读取json数据
string jsonStr = File.ReadAllText("Data.json"); List<Person> list = js.Deserialize<List<Person>>(jsonStr);
return list;
} public bool Add(List<Person> list)
{
//向数据中覆盖追加
string strJson = js.Serialize(list);
try
{
File.WriteAllText("Data.json", strJson);
return true;
}
catch
{ return false;
} }
}
Data.json数据
[
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
},
{
"name": "张三",
"age": ,
"phone": ""
}
]
====================================运行效果图==============================
=========================================分割线==================================
其实个人觉得可以把服务端做成一个Windows服务更好
代码打包地址(内含windows服务代码)
关于如何将windows服务如何安装到服务中,网上教程很多,请自行百度
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1J6SIGxwzzvG-B1ACyDWPKw
个人拙作,敬请谅解.
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