- 背景
- 运行要求
- 安装脚本
- 注意事项
- 完整代码
文章转载自 如有乐享 & 萌咖 & 狗仔小分队的博客。
特别注意: OpenVZ构架不适用,安装之前备份重要数据。
适用于由GRUB引导的CentOS,Ubuntu,Debian系统.
使用官方发行版去掉模板预装的软件。
同时也可以解决内核版本与软件不兼容的问题。
只要有root权限,还您一个纯净的系统。
- Debian/Ubuntu/CentOS 系统(由 GRUB引导);
- wget 用来下载文件,获取公网IP;
- ip 获取网关,掩码等;
- sed awk grep 处理文本流;
- VNC 安装系统(此项为可选)。
全自动安装默认 root 密码: Vicer,安装完成后请立即更改密码。
Debian 7 x32
Debian 7 x64
Debian 8 x32
Debian 8 x64
Debian 9 x32
Debian 9 x64
Ubuntu 14.04 x32
Ubuntu 14.04 x64
Ubuntu 16.04 x32
Ubuntu 16.04 x64
Ubuntu 17.04 x32
Ubuntu 17.04 x64
CentOS 6+ X64
wget xiaofd.github.io/centos.sh && bash centos.sh
安装时间(Vultr 2.5刀机器 重装大概15分钟) root用户密码为 xiaofd.win
注意事项确保安装了所需软件:
在安装Ubuntu时,可能会遇到:
Getting the time form a network time server...
界面进度条很长时间不会动,可以等待它超时或者更换别的版本.
该问题是Ubuntu系统的问题.
#!/bin/bash while [[ $# -ge 1 ]]; do case in -v|--ver) shift VERtmp="" shift ;; -d|--debian|--ubuntu) shift vDEBtmp="" shift ;; -p|--password) shift WDtmp="" shift ;; -a|--auto) shift INStmp='auto' ;; -m|--manual) shift INStmp='manual' ;; -apt|--mirror) shift isMirror='1' tmpMirror="" shift ;; *) echo -ne " Usage:\n\tbash \t-d/--debian [7/3[33m3[04mwheezy3[0m|8/jessie|9/stretch]\n\t\t\t\t-v/--ver [32/3[33m3[04mi3863[0m|64/amd64]\n\t\t\t\t-apt/--mirror\n\t\t\t\t-a/--auto\n\t\t\t\t-m/--manual\n" exit 1; ;; esac done [ $EUID -ne 0 ] && echo "Error:This script must be run as root!" && exit 1 [ -f /boot/grub/grub.cfg ] && GRUBOLD='0' && GRUBDIR='/boot/grub' && GRUBFILE='grub.cfg' [ -z $GRUBDIR ] && [ -f /boot/grub2/grub.cfg ] && GRUBOLD='0' && GRUBDIR='/boot/grub2' && GRUBFILE='grub.cfg' [ -z $GRUBDIR ] && [ -f /boot/grub/grub.conf ] && GRUBOLD='1' && GRUBDIR='/boot/grub' && GRUBFILE='grub.conf' [ -z $GRUBDIR -o -z $GRUBFILE ] && echo "Error! Not Found grub path." && exit 1 [ -n $vDEBtmp ] && { [ "$vDEBtmp" == '7' -o "$vDEBtmp" == 'wheezy' ] && linuxdists='debian' && vDEB='wheezy'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == '8' -o "$vDEBtmp" == 'jessie' ] && linuxdists='debian' && vDEB='jessie'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == '9' -o "$vDEBtmp" == 'stretch' ] && linuxdists='debian' && vDEB='stretch'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'precise' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='precise'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'trusty' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='trusty'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'wily' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='wily'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'xenial' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='xenial'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'yakkety' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='yakkety'; [ "$vDEBtmp" == 'zesty' ] && linuxdists='ubuntu' && vDEB='zesty'; } [ -n $vDEBtmp ] && { [ "$VERtmp" == '32' -o "$VERtmp" == 'i386' ] && VER='i386'; [ "$VERtmp" == '64' -o "$VERtmp" == 'amd64' ] && VER='amd64'; } [ -z $linuxdists ] && linuxdists='debian' [ -n $isMirror ] && [ "$isMirror" == '1' ] && [ -n $tmpMirror ] && { tmpDebianMirror="$(echo -n "$tmpMirror" |grep -Eo '.*\.(\w+)')" echo -n "$tmpDebianMirror" |grep -q '://' [ $? -eq '0' ] && { DebianMirror="$(echo -n "$tmpDebianMirror" |awk -F'://' '{print }')" } || { DebianMirror="$(echo -n "$tmpDebianMirror")" } } || { [[ $linuxdists == 'debian' ]] && DebianMirror='httpredir.debian.org' [[ $linuxdists == 'ubuntu' ]] && DebianMirror='archive.ubuntu.com' } [ -z $DebianMirrorDirectory ] && [ -n $DebianMirror ] && [ -n $tmpMirror ] && { DebianMirrorDirectory="$(echo -n "$tmpMirror" |awk -F''${DebianMirror}'' '{print }' |sed 's/\/$//g')" } [ "$DebianMirrorDirectory" == '/' ] && [ -n $DebianMirror ] && { [[ $linuxdists == 'debian' ]] && DebianMirrorDirectory='/debian' [[ $linuxdists == 'ubuntu' ]] && DebianMirrorDirectory='/ubuntu' } [ -z $DebianMirrorDirectory ] && [ -n $DebianMirror ] && { [[ $linuxdists == 'debian' ]] && DebianMirrorDirectory='/debian' [[ $linuxdists == 'ubuntu' ]] && DebianMirrorDirectory='/ubuntu' } [ -n $INStmp ] && { [ "$INStmp" == 'auto' ] && inVNC='n' [ "$INStmp" == 'manual' ] && inVNC='y' } [ -n $WDtmp ] && myPASSWORD="$WDtmp" [ -z $vDEB ] && vDEB='wheezy'; [ -z $VER ] && VER='i386'; [ -z $myPASSWORD ] && myPASSWORD='Vicer' clear && echo -e "\n3[36m# Install3[0m\n" [ -z $inVNC ] && ASKVNC(){ inVNC='y'; echo -ne "3[34mCan you login VNC?3[0m\e[33m[\e[32my\e[33m/n]\e[0m " read inVNCtmp [[ -n "$inVNCtmp" ]] && inVNC=$inVNCtmp [ "$inVNC" == 'y' -o "$inVNC" == 'Y' ] && inVNC='y' [ "$inVNC" == 'n' -o "$inVNC" == 'N' ] && inVNC='n' } [ "$inVNC" == 'y' -o "$inVNC" == 'n' ] || ASKVNC; [[ $linuxdists == 'debian' ]] && LinuxName='Debian' [[ $linuxdists == 'ubuntu' ]] && LinuxName='Ubuntu' [ "$inVNC" == 'y' ] && echo -e "3[34mManual Mode3[0m insatll 3[33m$LinuxName3[0m [3[33m$vDEB3[0m] [3[33m$VER3[0m] in VNC. " [ "$inVNC" == 'n' ] && echo -e "3[34mAuto Mode3[0m insatll 3[33m$LinuxName3[0m [3[33m$vDEB3[0m] [3[33m$VER3[0m]. " echo -e "\n[3[33m$vDEB3[0m] [3[33m$VER3[0m] Downloading..." [ -z $DebianMirror ] && echo -ne "3[31mError! 3[0mGet debian mirror fail! \n" && exit 1 [ -z $DebianMirrorDirectory ] && echo -ne "3[31mError! 3[0mGet debian mirror directory fail! \n" && exit 1 wget --no-check-certificate -qO '/boot/initrd.gz' "http://$DebianMirror$DebianMirrorDirectory/dists/$vDEB/main/installer-$VER/current/images/netboot/$linuxdists-installer/$VER/initrd.gz" [ $? -ne '0' ] && echo -ne "3[31mError! 3[0mDownload 'initrd.gz' failed! \n" && exit 1 wget --no-check-certificate -qO '/boot/linux' "http://$DebianMirror$DebianMirrorDirectory/dists/$vDEB/main/installer-$VER/current/images/netboot/$linuxdists-installer/$VER/linux" [ $? -ne '0' ] && echo -ne "3[31mError! 3[0mDownload 'linux' failed! \n" && exit 1 DEFAULTNET="$(ip route show |grep -o 'default via [0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.*' |head -n1 |sed 's/proto.*\|onlink.*//g' |awk '{print $NF}')" [ -n "$DEFAULTNET" ] && IPSUB="$(ip addr |grep ''${DEFAULTNET}'' |grep 'global' |grep 'brd' |head -n1 |grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}/[0-9]\{1,2\}')" IPv4="$(echo -n "$IPSUB" |cut -d'/' -f1)" NETSUB="$(echo -n "$IPSUB" |grep -o '/[0-9]\{1,2\}')" GATE="$(ip route show |grep -o 'default via [0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}' |head -n1 |grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}')" [ -n "$NETSUB" ] && MASK="$(echo -n '128.0.0.0/1,192.0.0.0/2,224.0.0.0/3,240.0.0.0/4,248.0.0.0/5,252.0.0.0/6,254.0.0.0/7,255.0.0.0/8,255.128.0.0/9,255.192.0.0/10,255.224.0.0/11,255.240.0.0/12,255.248.0.0/13,255.252.0.0/14,255.254.0.0/15,255.255.0.0/16,255.255.128.0/17,255.255.192.0/18,255.255.224.0/19,255.255.240.0/20,255.255.248.0/21,255.255.252.0/22,255.255.254.0/23,255.255.255.0/24,255.255.255.128/25,255.255.255.192/26,255.255.255.224/27,255.255.255.240/28,255.255.255.248/29,255.255.255.252/30,255.255.255.254/31,255.255.255.255/32' |grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}'${NETSUB}'' |cut -d'/' -f1)" [ -n "$GATE" ] && [ -n "$MASK" ] && [ -n "$IPv4" ] || { echo "Not found `ip command`, It will use `route command`." ipNum() { local IFS='.' read ip1 ip2 ip3 ip4 <<<"" echo $((ip1*(1<<24)+ip2*(1<<16)+ip3*(1<<8)+ip4)) } SelectMax(){ ii=0 for IPITEM in `route -n |awk -v OUT= '{print $OUT}' |grep '[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}'` do NumTMP="$(ipNum $IPITEM)" eval "arrayNum[$ii]='$NumTMP,$IPITEM'" ii=$[$ii+1] done echo ${arrayNum[@]} |sed 's/\s/\n/g' |sort -n -k 1 -t ',' |tail -n1 |cut -d',' -f2 } [[ -z $IPv4 ]] && IPv4="$(ifconfig |grep 'Bcast' |head -n1 |grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}.[0-9]\{1,3\}' |head -n1)" [[ -z $GATE ]] && GATE="$(SelectMax 2)" [[ -z $MASK ]] && MASK="$(SelectMax 3)" [ -n "$GATE" ] && [ -n "$MASK" ] && [ -n "$IPv4" ] || { echo "Error! Not configure network. " exit 1 } } [ -f /etc/network/interfaces ] && { [[ -z "$(sed -n '/iface.*inet static/p' /etc/network/interfaces)" ]] && AutoNet='1' || AutoNet='0' [ -d /etc/network/interfaces.d ] && { ICFGN="$(find /etc/network/interfaces.d -name '*.cfg' |wc -l)" || ICFGN='0' [ "$ICFGN" -ne '0' ] && { for NetCFG in `ls -1 /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg` do [[ -z "$(cat $NetCFG | sed -n '/iface.*inet static/p')" ]] && AutoNet='1' || AutoNet='0' [ "$AutoNet" -eq '0' ] && break done } } } [ -d /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts ] && { ICFGN="$(find /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts -name 'ifcfg-*' |grep -v 'lo'|wc -l)" || ICFGN='0' [ "$ICFGN" -ne '0' ] && { for NetCFG in `ls -1 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* |grep -v 'lo$' |grep -v ':[0-9]\{1,\}'` do [[ -n "$(cat $NetCFG | sed -n '/BOOTPROTO.*[dD][hH][cC][pP]/p')" ]] && AutoNet='1' || { AutoNet='0' && . $NetCFG [ -n $NETMASK ] && MASK="$NETMASK" [ -n $GATEWAY ] && GATE="$GATEWAY" } [ "$AutoNet" -eq '0' ] && break done } } [ ! -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE ] && echo "Error! Not Found $GRUBFILE. " && exit 1 [ ! -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.old ] && [ -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.bak ] && mv -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.bak $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.old mv -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.bak [ -f $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.old ] && cat $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.old >$GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE || cat $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE.bak >$GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE [ "$GRUBOLD" == '0' ] && { CFG0="$(awk '/menuentry /{print NR}' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE|head -n 1)" CFG2="$(awk '/menuentry /{print NR}' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE|head -n 2 |tail -n 1)" CFG1="" for CFGtmp in `awk '/}/{print NR}' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE` do [ $CFGtmp -gt "$CFG0" -a $CFGtmp -lt "$CFG2" ] && CFG1="$CFGtmp"; done [ -z "$CFG1" ] && { echo "Error! read $GRUBFILE. " exit 1 } sed -n "$CFG0,$CFG1"p $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE >/tmp/grub.new [ -f /tmp/grub.new ] && [ "$(grep -c '{' /tmp/grub.new)" -eq "$(grep -c '}' /tmp/grub.new)" ] || { echo -ne "3[31mError! 3[0mNot configure $GRUBFILE. \n" exit 1 } sed -i "/menuentry.*/c\menuentry\ \'Install OS \[$vDEB\ $VER\]\'\ --class debian\ --class\ gnu-linux\ --class\ gnu\ --class\ os\ \{" /tmp/grub.new [ "$(grep -c '{' /tmp/grub.new)" -eq "$(grep -c '}' /tmp/grub.new)" ] || { echo "Error! configure append $GRUBFILE. " exit 1 } sed -i "/echo.*Loading/d" /tmp/grub.new } [ "$GRUBOLD" == '1' ] && { CFG0="$(awk '/title /{print NR}' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE|head -n 1)" CFG1="$(awk '/title /{print NR}' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE|head -n 2 |tail -n 1)" [ -n $CFG0 ] && [ -z $CFG1 -o $CFG1 == $CFG0 ] && sed -n "$CFG0,$"p $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE >/tmp/grub.new [ -n $CFG0 ] && [ -z $CFG1 -o $CFG1 != $CFG0 ] && sed -n "$CFG0,$CFG1"p $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE >/tmp/grub.new [ ! -f /tmp/grub.new ] && echo "Error! configure append $GRUBFILE. " && exit 1 sed -i "/title.*/c\title\ \'Install OS \[$vDEB\ $VER\]\'" /tmp/grub.new sed -i '/^#/d' /tmp/grub.new } [ -n "$(grep 'initrd.*/' /tmp/grub.new |awk '{print }' |tail -n 1 |grep '^/boot/')" ] && Type='InBoot' || Type='NoBoot' LinuxKernel="$(grep 'linux.*/' /tmp/grub.new |awk '{print }' |head -n 1)" [ -z $LinuxKernel ] && LinuxKernel="$(grep 'kernel.*/' /tmp/grub.new |awk '{print }' |head -n 1)" LinuxIMG="$(grep 'initrd.*/' /tmp/grub.new |awk '{print }' |tail -n 1)" [ "$Type" == 'InBoot' ] && { sed -i "/$LinuxKernel.*\//c\\t$LinuxKernel\t\/boot\/linux auto=true hostname=$linuxdists domain= -- quiet" /tmp/grub.new sed -i "/$LinuxIMG.*\//c\\t$LinuxIMG\t\/boot\/initrd.gz" /tmp/grub.new } [ "$Type" == 'NoBoot' ] && { sed -i "/$LinuxKernel.*\//c\\t$LinuxKernel\t\/linux auto=true hostname=$linuxdists domain= -- quiet" /tmp/grub.new sed -i "/$LinuxIMG.*\//c\\t$LinuxIMG\t\/initrd.gz" /tmp/grub.new } sed -i '$a\n' /tmp/grub.new [ "$inVNC" == 'n' ] && { GRUBPATCH='0' [ -f /etc/network/interfaces -o -d /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts ] && { sed -i ''${CFG0}'i\n' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE sed -i ''${CFG0}'r /tmp/grub.new' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE [ -z $AutoNet ] && echo "Error, Not found interfaces config." && exit 1 [ -f $GRUBDIR/grubenv ] && sed -i 's/saved_entry/#saved_entry/g' $GRUBDIR/grubenv [ -d /boot/tmp ] && rm -rf /boot/tmp mkdir -p /boot/tmp/ cd /boot/tmp/ gzip -d < ../initrd.gz | cpio --extract --verbose --make-directories --no-absolute-filenames >>/dev/null 2>&1 cat >/boot/tmp/preseed.cfg<<EOF d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US d-i console-setup/layoutcode string us d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap string us d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto d-i netcfg/disable_autoconfig boolean true d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string $IPv4 d-i netcfg/get_netmask string $MASK d-i netcfg/get_gateway string $GATE d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 8.8.8.8 d-i netcfg/no_default_route boolean true d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true d-i mirror/country string manual d-i mirror/http/hostname string $DebianMirror d-i mirror/http/directory string $DebianMirrorDirectory d-i mirror/http/proxy string d-i passwd/root-login boolean ture d-i passwd/make-user boolean false d-i passwd/root-password password $myPASSWORD d-i passwd/root-password-again password $myPASSWORD d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true d-i time/zone string US/Eastern d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true d-i partman/early_command string \ debconf-set partman-auto/disk "$(list-devices disk |head -n1)"; \ debconf-set grub-installer/bootdev string "$(list-devices disk |head -n1)"; \ umount /media || true; d-i partman/mount_style select uuid d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select Guided - use entire disk d-i partman-auto/method string regular d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true d-i partman/choose_partition select finish d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true d-i partman/confirm boolean true d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated boolean true tasksel tasksel/first multiselect minimal d-i pkgsel/update-policy select none d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true d-i grub-installer/bootdev string default d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note d-i debian-installer/exit/reboot boolean true d-i preseed/late_command string \ sed -i 's/^.*PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /target/etc/ssh/sshd_config; \ sed -i 's/^.*PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /target/etc/ssh/sshd_config; EOF [ "$AutoNet" -eq '1' ] && { sed -i '/netcfg\/disable_autoconfig/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i '/netcfg\/dhcp_options/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i '/netcfg\/get_.*/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i '/netcfg\/confirm_static/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg } [ "$vDEB" == 'trusty' ] && GRUBPATCH='1' [ "$vDEB" == 'wily' ] && GRUBPATCH='1' [ "$GRUBPATCH" == '1' ] && { sed -i 's/^d-i\ grub-installer\/bootdev\ string\ default//g' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg } [ "$GRUBPATCH" == '0' ] && { sed -i 's/debconf-set\ grub-installer\/bootdev.*\"\;//g' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg } [ "$linuxdists" == 'debian' ] && { sed -i '/user-setup\/allow-password-weak/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i '/user-setup\/encrypt-home/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i '/pkgsel\/update-policy/d' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg sed -i 's/umount\ \/media.*\;//g' /boot/tmp/preseed.cfg } rm -rf ../initrd.gz find . | cpio -H newc --create --verbose | gzip -9 > ../initrd.gz rm -rf /boot/tmp } } [ "$inVNC" == 'y' ] && { sed -i '$i\n' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE sed -i '$r /tmp/grub.new' $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE echo -e "\n3[33m3[04mIt will reboot! \nPlease look at VNC! \nSelect3[0m3[32m Install OS [$vDEB $VER] 3[33m3[4mto install system.3[04m\n\n3[31m3[04mThere is some information for you.\nDO NOT CLOSE THE WINDOW! 3[0m\n" echo -e "3[35mIPv4\t\tNETMASK\t\tGATEWAY3[0m" echo -e "3[36m3[04m$IPv43[0m\t3[36m3[04m$MASK3[0m\t3[36m3[04m$GATE3[0m\n\n" read -n 1 -p "Press Enter to reboot..." INP if [ "$INP" != '' ] ; then echo -ne '\b \n' echo ""; fi } chown root:root $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE chmod 444 $GRUBDIR/$GRUBFILE sleep 3 && reboot >/dev/null 2>&1
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