def savefirst(): # Capture screen and Tkinter canvas cnv = getscreen().getcanvas() global hen # Save screen and canvas as postscript file ps = cnv.postscript(colormode = 'color') # Open a Tkinter file dialog that allows to input his.her own name for the file hen = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension = '.jpg') # Convert postscript file to PIL readable format im = Image.open(io.BytesIO(ps.encode('utf-8'))) # Finally save converted file as a JPEG im.save(hen + '.jpg')
但是,每当我运行此保存功能时,我都会收到如下错误:
line 2396,in savefirst im.save(hen + '.jpg') file "/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/PIL/Image.py",line 1646,in save self.load() file "/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py",line 337,in load self.im = Ghostscript(self.tile,self.size,self.fp,scale) file "/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py",line 143,in Ghostscript stdout=subprocess.PIPE) file "/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/subprocess.py",line 950,in __init__ restore_signals,start_new_session) file "/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/subprocess.py",line 1544,in _execute_child raise child_exception_type(errno_num,err_msg)fileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gs'
即使我已经安装了GhostScript!我知道这是因为我首先通过位于here的磁盘映像安装它并运行安装程序.但是,由于那不起作用,我接着在终端做了这个:
`pip install ghostscript`
因为即使这不起作用,我在终端运行:
`conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/mlgill ghostscript`
我使用了3种方法来安装GhostScript并仍然保持相同的错误.为什么这样,我怎么解决这个问题呢?
仅供参考:如果你需要知道,我的 *** 作系统是Mac OS 10.11.2,我的Python版本是3.5.1
编辑:所以,作为评论曾经说过,尝试使用Homebrew来解决这个问题.所以,我自然安装了它(因为我没有安装Homebrew).然后,成功安装后,我运行brew install ghostscript.在我解决了几个问题之后,我能够成功安装GhostScript(好吧,根据Homebrew反正).然后我跑了brew医生,发现它没有联系! ****喘气****嗯,修复很容易,只需链接它!所以,这就是我所做的,在修复了其他几个问题后,我终于能够成功执行brew链接ghostscript.然而,尽管我在修复错误方面做出了英勇而艰难的尝试,但它仍然存在……是的,尽管我付出了最大的努力,但当我运行保存功能时IDLE中的错误仍然会发生!此外,在终端中运行gs返回:
dyld: library not loaded: /opt/X11/lib/libXt.6.dylib Referenced from: //anaconda/bin/gs Reason: image not foundTrace/BPT trap: 5
什么是STILL出错了?为什么Python(甚至终端)不能找到gs?
编辑#2:好的,所以我终于能够使用Homebrew安装GhostScript了.我所要做的就是安装xQuarts,GhostScript显然需要它.但是,我的初始问题仍然没有解决! gs现在在终端工作:
:~ #######$gsGPL Ghostscript 9.18 (2015-10-05)copyright (C) 2015 Artifex Software,Inc. All rights reserved.This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBliC for details.
但我的保存功能STILL在Python中不起作用,现在我确定我安装了GhostScript!每当我运行保存功能时,我仍然继续在IDLE中收到此错误:
fileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gs'
还有什么问题?
编辑#3:Here是我的Python脚本,以防万一需要它.
-EDIT#4删除 –
编辑#5:我有一个小预感,这很重要,所以我把它放在那里.每当我在终端运行brew医生时,我都会收到不重要的警告,但是出于某种原因这个警告很突出.我真的不知道为什么,但无论如何,这里是:
Warning: Python is installed at /library/Frameworks/Python.frameworkHomebrew only supports building against the System-provIDed Python or abrewed Python. In particular,Pythons installed to /library can interferewith other software installs.
也许这是导致我的问题的原因?如果是这样,我该如何解决?
编辑#6:显然它适用于其他人(包括windows和Mac),但仍然不适合我!每当我运行程序的savefirst()函数时,我仍然继续收到此错误:
line 2395,err_msg)fileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gs'
这真的很奇怪,因为gs在终端工作并且这个:
x=subprocess.Popen(['/usr/local/bin/gs','--version'],stdout=subprocess.PIPE)print(x.stdout.read())
适用于Python IDLE.但由于某些原因,Python成像库(PIL)仍然无法检测到gs(可能是因为它的subprocess.Popen()函数?).这是为什么?我在我的Macintosh上安装了xQuarts,GhostScript和PIL,但是当我运行savefirst()函数时仍然出现错误!为什么?
附:这一切都发生在Macintosh(OS 10.11.2)上,所以熟悉Macintosh的人的答案是首选!
-EDIT#7删除 –
编辑#8:好的,我终于能够永久地(希望……)将/usr/local/bin / gs添加到我的PATH中(如下所示):
library/usr/local/bin/gs:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin://anaconda/bin:/Users/Rohan/anaconda/bin:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin
我通过运行pico~Myname / .bash_profile添加了该路径,然后输入:
PATH="library/usr/local/bin/gs:${PATH}"export PATH
进入/.bash.profile文件.但是,我仍然继续在Python中获取fileNotFoundError!我是以错误的方式将/usr/local/bin / gs附加到我的PATH,还是在错误的目录中?如果不是这样,那么为什么Python Imaging library STILL不能找到gs?
编辑#9:华友世纪!问题解决了!该错误不再出现.我所要做的就是从我的Mac Path中删除/usr/local/bin / gs,然后显然将它添加到我的PYTHONPATH中,就像在程序开始时一样:
os.environ["PATH"] += ":/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin/gs"
好哇!有用! PIL现在可以找到gs,并且可以将画布保存为JPEG,虽然它的分辨率非常低,但这是另一个问题的问题.现在,我很高兴初始问题得到解决,我终于可以将画布保存为JPEG(感谢@copperfIEld!):)
解决方法 只是一个想法:检查PIL的 code,它使用 shutil模块找到gs做shutil.which(“gs”)也许你需要修改一些环境变量,直到那个工作?编辑
在聊天室里聊天,我们发现似乎是什么问题,那就是subprocess.Popen找不到gs,但是我们卡在那里.有任何想法吗??
编辑2
我找到了一个可行的解决方案,首先我从我的路径中移除了gs,然后我尝试了这个
>>> import os,shutil,subprocess>>> shutil.which("gswin64c") # shutil.which("gs")>>> test = subprocess.Popen(["gswin64c","--version"],stdout=subprocess.PIPE) # subprocess.Popen(["gs",stdout=subprocess.PIPE)Traceback (most recent call last): file "<pyshell#3>",line 1,in <module> test = subprocess.Popen(["gswin64c",stdout=subprocess.PIPE) file "C:\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py",start_new_session) file "C:\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py",line 1220,in _execute_child startupinfo)fileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] El sistema no puede encontrar el archivo especificado>>> os.environ["PATH"]'C:\Anaconda3\library\bin;C:\Anaconda3\library\bin;C:\Anaconda3;C:\Anaconda3\Scripts;C:\Anaconda3\library\bin;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Program files (x86)\Haskell\bin;C:\Program files (x86)\Haskell Platform\2013.2.0.0\lib\extralibs\bin;C:\Program files (x86)\Haskell Platform\2013.2.0.0\bin;C:\windows\system32;C:\windows;C:\windows\System32\Wbem;C:\windows\System32\windowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program files (x86)\nodeJs\;C:\Program files\MATLAB\R2009a\bin;C:\Program files\MATLAB\R2009a\bin\win64;C:\Program files (x86)\Haskell Platform\2013.2.0.0\mingw\bin;C:\Program files\MiKTeX 2.9\miktex\bin\x64\;C:\Program files (x86)\Skype\Phone\;C:\Anaconda3;C:\Anaconda3\Scripts;C:\Anaconda3\library\bin;C:\Users\DavID\AppData\Roaming\cabal\bin;C:\Users\DavID\AppData\Roaming\npm;C:\Program files (x86)\Java\jre7\bin;C:\Users\DavID\DropBox\Programas Random'>>> os.environ["PATH"] += ";C:\Program files\gs\gs9.18\bin">>> shutil.which("gswin64c")'C:\Program files\gs\gs9.18\bin\gswin64c.EXE'>>> test = subprocess.Popen(["gswin64c",stdout=subprocess.PIPE)>>> test.stdout.read()b'9.18\n'>>>
为了使你的代码能够使用我做的以下更改:
#this is very first importimport osprint("## Addind gs to environ ##",os.environ["PATH"] )os.environ["PATH"] += ";C:\Program files\gs\gs9.18\bin"print("## Addind gs to environ ##",os.environ["PATH"] )#then the others import,and everything else
并测试它工作正常.
在你的情况下,可能是:
#this is very first importimport osprint("## Addind gs to environ ##",os.environ["PATH"] )os.environ["PATH"] += ":/usr/local/bin" print("## Addind gs to environ ##",os.environ["PATH"] )#then the others import,and everything else
是不起作用试试其中之一
os.environ["PATH"] += "library/usr/local/bin" os.environ["PATH"] = "/usr/local/bin:" + os.environ["PATH"]os.environ["PATH"] = "library/usr/local/bin:" + os.environ["PATH"]
编辑3
随着这个解决方案的工作,这个更自动的版本可以是这样的:
#this is the very first thing to doimport os,subprocess,shutil#see is gs is avaibleif shutil.which("gs") is None: print("GhostScrip is not avaible,search for it") try: gs = subprocess.Popen(["which","gs"],stdout=subprocess.PIPE) gs_path = gs.stdout.read() gs_path = gs_path.decode() if isinstance(gs_path,bytes) else gs_path print("GhostScrip found in",gs_path) os.environ["PATH"] += ":"+ os.path.dirname(gs_path) except Exception as e: raise Warning("GhostScrip not found,this program may fail")del subprocessdel shutil#then everything else总结
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