关于茶的课程

It's another cup of tea 字面意思是：这是另一杯茶但实际上这是英语的一句谚语,在具体语境中有另一层含义一般翻译为“那是另一回事”例如：

Even if you read English easily,you will find it's another cup of tea to make conversation in English(即使你很容易读懂英语,但你会发现用英语对话是另一回事）意思是用英语对话比阅读英语要难得多事实也是如此,很多人学的是“哑巴”英语,能看懂英文,但不会说英语

如何品茶 ---中国是茶的故乡，茶文化是中华五千年历史的瑰宝，如今品茶文化更是风靡全世界。这不仅仅是因为喝茶对人体有很多好处，更因为品茶本身就是一种极优雅的艺术享受。品茶，高于饮茶解渴，“品”字包含了品评、鉴赏、仔细体验茶给人的身心感受。

品茶的五要素是“茶、水、器、境、艺”。要品好茶，好茶叶、好水、好茶具、好环境、好技艺缺一不可。

茶叶是基础。不同茶具有不同的香味特色，不同民族、不同地区、不同的人有不同茶类的消费习惯。

茶的色、香、味要溶于水后，才能供人享用。茶是红花，水是绿叶。水质能影响茶叶的香味。建议茶客不用自来水，多用矿泉水、纯净水或者桶装水。

过去花茶为什么在北方畅销？原因之一是以前水质不好。北方的水质大多碱性太重，只好用这种口味重的花茶掩盖水的味道，尤其在陕北，一部分人饮用香味更重的玉兰花茶。

现在为什么绿茶、乌龙茶(安溪铁观音)在北方销量增加？原因主要是水质的改善。现在北方的城镇居民大多饮用桶装矿泉水，这样的水泡出的茶香味很好，于是，人们更加重视品茶叶本身的香味。

茶具能保持茶叶的香味，更好地展示茶叶的色与形，茶具本身又具有较高的欣赏价值。常用的主要有陶瓷茶具、玻璃和紫砂茶具。

瓷器以白瓷为上，它不吸水，传热、保温性适中。雪白的瓷器能衬托出铁观音茶水美丽的颜色。

玻璃茶具价廉、透明，用来冲泡“君山银针”、“西湖龙井”、“碧螺春”时，茶叶在水中舒展、翻滚的情景，可一览无余。

紫砂茶具质地致密坚硬，有透气性，能保持茶叶的本色，造型千姿百态，可供人欣赏。

要充分享受品茶的妙处，还要有良好的品茶环境，环境的首要条件是洁净雅致。古人常选择花间、松下品茶。现代人则在各种中高档茶馆。其实，现代人的家庭条件和茶馆条件相当，只要您有雅兴，在家里和家人或朋友一起品茶，又别有一番情趣。

茶艺指泡茶的技艺，茶叶用量、水量、水温、时间、次数。一般泡铁观音用7克茶、浸泡时间因个人口感而定，一般在30-60秒出汤、可连续泡7次左右；而泡绿茶用3克茶、150毫升85摄氏度的水、冲泡5分钟、最多泡3次。其实，最好的泡茶方法应该是用白瓷壶或盖碗泡上30秒-1分钟，再倒入小杯中品尝，这样可以保证消费者喝到最后的一口茶的香味质量都与第一口相当，这就是为什么乌龙茶(安溪铁观音)的香味大家感到比较好的秘密。而传统的泡茶方法由于茶叶在长期的水热作用下早已变黄，茶水带有水闷味，早已没有茶叶的鲜爽味了。

安溪茶艺的主要内容：

赏茶：从干茶的色泽、老嫩、形状，观察茶叶的品质。

闻茶香：鉴赏茶叶冲泡后散发出清香（包括留在碗盖上的“盖香”）

观茶汤：欣赏茶叶在冲泡时上下翻腾、舒展之过程，茶叶溶解情况及茶叶冲泡沉静后的姿态。

品茶味：品赏茶汤的色泽和滋味

沏茶工序

一、烫壶：

在泡茶之前需用开水烫壶，一则可去除壶内异味；再则热壶有助挥发茶香。

二、置茶：

一般泡茶所用茶壶壶口皆较小，需先将茶叶装入茶荷内，此时可将茶荷递给客人，鉴赏茶叶外观，再用茶匙将茶荷内的茶叶拨入壶中，茶量以壶之三分之一为度。

三、温杯：

烫壶之热水倒入茶盅内，再行温杯。

四、高冲：

冲泡茶叶需高提水壶，水自高点下注，使茶叶在壶内翻滚，散开，以更充分泡出茶味，俗称"高冲"。

五、低泡：

泡好之茶汤即可倒入茶盅，此时茶壶壶嘴与茶盅之距离，以低为佳，以免茶汤内之香气无效散发，俗称"低泡"。一般第一泡茶汤与第二泡茶汤在茶盅内混合，效果更佳；第三泡茶汤与第四泡茶汤混合，以此类推。

六、分茶：

茶盅内之茶汤再行分入杯内，杯内之茶汤以七分满为度。

七、敬茶：

将茶杯连同杯托一并放置客人面前，是为敬茶。

八、闻香：

品茶之前，需先观其色，闻其香，方可品其味。

九、品茶：

"品"字三个口，一杯茶需分三口品尝，且在品茶之前，目光需注视泡茶师一至两秒，稍带微笑，以示感谢。

如何选购好茶叶

茶叶的品质好坏，在没有科学仪器和方法鉴定的时候，可以通过色、香、味、形四个方面的来评价。而用这四个方面来评定茶叶质量的优劣，通常采用看、闻、摸、品进行鉴别。即看外形、色泽，闻香气，摸条索，开汤品尝。具体如下：

看色泽----不同茶类有不同的色泽特点。绿茶中的炒青应呈黄绿色，烘青应呈深绿色蒸青应呈翠绿色，龙井则应在鲜绿色中略带米**；如果绿茶色泽灰暗、深褐，质量必定不佳。绿茶的气色应呈浅绿或黄绿，清澈明亮；若为暗黄或混浊不清，肯定也不是好茶。红茶应乌黑油润，汤色红艳明亮，有些上品工夫红茶，其茶汤可在茶杯四周形成一圈**的油环，俗称“金圈”；若汤色暗淡，混浊不清，必是下等红茶。乌龙茶则以色泽青褐光润为好。

看外形----从茶叶的外形可以判断茶叶的品质，因为茶叶的好坏与茶采摘的鲜叶直接相关，也与制茶相关，这都反应在茶叶的外形上。如好的龙井茶，外形光、扁平、直，形似碗钉；好的珠茶，颗粒圆紧、均匀；好的工夫红茶条索紧齐，红碎茶颗粒齐整、划一；好的毛峰，茶芽毫多、芽锋露等等。如果条索松散，颗粒松泡，叶表粗糙，身骨轻飘，就算不上是好茶。

闻香气----各类茶叶本身都有香味，如绿茶具清香，上品绿茶还有兰花香、板栗香等，红茶具清香及甜香或花香；乌龙茶具熟桃香等。若香气低沉，定为劣质茶；有陈气的为陈茶；有霉气等异味的为变质茶。就是苦丁茶，嗅起来也具有自然的香气。花茶则更以浓香吸引茶客。

尝滋味----或者叫茶叶的滋味，茶叶的本身滋味由苦、涩、甜、鲜、酸等多种成分构成。其成分比例得当，滋味就鲜醇可口，同时，不同的茶类，滋味也不一样，上等绿茶初尝有其苦涩感，但回味浓醇，令口舌生津；粗老劣茶则淡而无味，甚至涩口、麻舌。上等红茶滋味浓厚、强烈、鲜爽；低级红茶则平淡无味。苦丁茶入口是很苦的，但饮后口有回甜。

特征如下：

春茶、夏茶和秋茶的品质特征，可以从两个方面去描述。

(1)干看

主要从干茶的色、香、形三个因子上加以判断。凡绿茶色泽绿润，红茶色泽乌润，茶叶肥壮重实，或有较多白毫，且红茶、绿茶条索紧结，珠茶颗粒圆紧，而且香气馥郁，是春茶的品质特征。

绿茶色泽灰暗，红茶色泽红润，茶叶轻飘松宽，嫩梗宽长，且红茶、绿茶条索松散，珠茶颗粒松泡，香气稍带粗老，是夏茶的品质特征。

绿茶色泽黄绿，红茶色泽暗红，茶叶大小不一，叶张轻薄瘦小，香气较为平和，是秋茶的标志。

（2）湿看

就是对茶叶进行开汤审评，作出进一步判断。凡茶叶冲泡后下沉快，香气浓烈持久，滋味醇厚；绿茶汤色绿中显黄，红茶汤色红艳现金圈；茶叶叶底柔软厚实，正常芽叶多者，为春茶。

凡茶叶冲泡后，下沉较慢，香气稍低；绿茶滋味欠厚稍涩，汤色青绿，叶底中夹杂铜绿色芽叶；红茶滋味较强欠爽，汤色红暗，叶底较红亮；茶叶叶底薄而较硬，对夹叶较多者，为夏茶。

凡茶叶冲泡后香气不高，滋味平淡，叶底夹有铜绿色芽叶，叶张大小不一，对夹叶多者，为秋茶。

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春茶、夏茶与秋茶的识别

1、春茶、夏茶与秋茶的划分

春茶、夏茶与秋茶的划分，主要是依据季节变化和茶树新梢生长的间歇而定的。

在我国气候条件下，除华南茶区的少数地区外，绝大部分产茶地区，茶树生长和茶叶采制是有季节性的：江北茶区茶叶采制期为5月上旬至9月下旬，江南茶区茶叶采制期为3月下旬至10月中旬，西南茶区茶叶采制期限为1月下旬至12月上旬。属于亚热带和温带地区的茶区，包括江北茶区、江南茶区和西页茶区，通常按采制时间，划分为春、夏、秋三季茶。但季节茶的划分标准是不一致的。有的以节气分：清明至小满为春茶，小满至小暑为夏茶,小暑至寒露为秋茶;有的以时间分:于5月底以前采制的为春茶,6月初至7月上名采制为的夏茶,7月中旬以后采制的为秋天茶我国华南茶区,由于地处热带,四季不大分明,几乎全年都有茶叶采制,因此,除了有春茶、夏茶和秋茶之分外，还有按茶树新梢生长先后、采制迟早，划分为头轮茶、二轮茶、三轮茶、四轮茶的。

茶树由于受气候、品种，以及栽培管理条件的影响，每年每季茶的采制的迟早是不一致的。大体说来，总是自南向北逐渐推迟的，南北差异达3-4个月。另外，即使是同一茶区，甚至同一块茶园，年与年之间，也可以因气候、管理等原因，相差5-20天。

由于茶季不同，茶树生长状况有别，因此，即使是在同一块茶园内采制而成的不同茶季的茶叶，无论是外形和内质都有较大的差异。以绿茶为例，由于春季气温适中，雨量充沛，加上茶树经头年秋冬季较长时期的休养生息，体内营养成分丰富，所以，春季不但芽中肥壮，色泽绿翠，叶质柔软，白毫显露，而且与提高茶叶品质相关的一些有效成分，特别是氨基酸和多种维生素的含量也较丰富，使得春茶的滋味更为鲜爽，香气更加强烈，保健作用更为明显。加之，春茶期间一般无病虫危害，无须使用农药，茶叶无污染，因此春茶，特别是早期的春茶，往往是一年中绿茶品质最佳的。所以，众多高级名绿茶，诸如西湖龙井、洞庭碧螺春、黄山毛峰、庐山云雾等等，均无自春茶前期。夏茶，由于采制时正逢炎热季节，虽然茶树新梢生长迅速，有“茶到立夏一夜粗”之说，但很容易老化。茶叶中的氨基酸、维生素的含量明显减少，使用使得夏茶中花青素、咖啡碱、茶多酚含量明显增加，从而使滋味显得苦涩。秋季气候介于春夏之间，在秋茶后期，气候虽较为温和，但雨量往往不足，会使采制而成的茶叶显得较为枯老。特别是茶树历经春茶和夏茶的采收，体内营养有所亏缺，因此，采制而成的茶叶，内含物质显得贫乏，在这种情况下，不但茶叶滋味淡薄，而且香气欠高，叶色较黄。所谓“要好吃，秋白露”，其实，说的是茶叶“味道和淡”罢了。

对红茶而言，由于春茶期间气温低，湿度大，发酵困难，而夏茶期间气温较高，湿度较小，有利红茶发酵变红，特别是由于天气炎热，使得茶叶中的茶多酚、咖啡碱的含量明显增加，因此，干茶和茶汤均显得红润，滋味也较强烈。只是由于夏茶中的氨基酸含量减少，对形成红茶的鲜爽味有一定影响。

2、春茶、夏茶与秋茶的品质特征

春茶、夏茶和秋茶的品质特征，可以从两个方面去描述。

（1）、干看

主要从干茶的色、香、形三个因子上加以判断。凡绿茶色泽绿润，红茶色泽乌润，茶叶肥壮重实，或有较多白毫，且红茶、绿茶条索紧结，珠茶颗粒圆紧，而且香气馥郁，是春茶的品质特征。

凡绿茶色泽灰暗，红茶色泽红润，茶叶轻飘松宽，嫩梗宽长，且红茶、绿茶条茶条索松散，珠茶颗粒松泡，香气稍带粗老，是夏茶的品质特征。

凡绿茶色泽黄绿，红茶色泽暗红，茶叶大不不一，叶张轻薄瘦小，香气较为平和，是秋茶的标志。

在购茶时还可结合偶尔夹尽可杂在茶叶中的茶花、茶果来判断是何季茶。如果发现茶叶中夹有茶树幼果，其大小近似绿豆时，那么，可以判断为春茶。若幼果接近豌豆大小，那么，可以判断为夏茶。若茶果直径已超过06厘米，那么，可以判断为秋茶。不过，秋茶时由于鲜茶果的直径已达到1厘米左右，一般很少会有夹杂。自7月下旬开始，直至当年8月，为茶花蕾期，而9-11月为茶树开花期，所以凡发现茶叶中杂有干茶树花蕾期或干茶树花朵者，当为秋茶了。只是，茶叶在加工过程中，通过筛分、拣剔，很少会有茶树花、果夹杂。因此，在判断季节茶时，必须进行综合分析，方可避免片面性。

（2）、湿看

就是对茶叶进行开汤审评，作为进一步判断。凡茶叶冲泡后下沉快，香气浓烈持久，滋味醇；绿茶汤色绿中显黄，红茶汤色艳现金圈；茶叶叶底柔软厚实，正常芽叶多者，为春茶。

凡茶叶冲泡后，下沉较慢，香气稍低；绿茶滋味欠厚稍涩，汤色青绿，叶底中夹杂铜绿色芽叶；红茶滋味较强欠爽，汤色红暗，叶底较红亮；茶叶叶底薄而较硬，对夹叶较多者，为夏茶。

凡茶叶冲泡后香气不高，滋味平淡，叶底夹有铜绿色芽叶，叶张大小不一，对夹叶多者，为秋茶。

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高山茶与平地茶的甄别

几乎是所有的茶人都知道，高山出好茶。高山茶与平地茶相比，前者的香气特别高，滋味特别浓。

1、高山为何出好茶

古往今来，我国的历代贡茶、传统名茶，以及当代新创制的名茶，大多出自高山。高山为什么出好茶呢？明代陈襄古诗曰：“雾芽吸尽香龙脂”，说高山茶的品质所以好，是因为在云雾中吸收了“龙脂”的缘故。所以，我国的许多名茶，以山名加云雾命名的特别多。如江西的庐山云雾茶，浙江的华顶云雾茶，湖北的熊洞云雾茶，安徽的高峰云雾茶，江苏的花果山云雾茶，湖南的南岳云雾茶等。其实，高山之所以出好茶，是优越的茶树生态环境造就的。据考证，茶树的原产地在我国西南部的多雨潮湿的原始森林中，经过长期的历史进化，逐渐形成了喜温、喜湿、耐荫的生活习性。高山出好茶的奥妙，就在于那里优越的生态条件，正好满足了茶对生长的需要。这主要表现在以下三方面：

（1）、茶树生长在高山多雾的环境中，一是由于光线受到雾珠的影响，使得红橙黄绿蓝靛紫七种可见光的红黄光得到加强，从而使茶树芽叶中的氨基酸、叶绿素和水分含量明显增加；二是由于高山森林茂盛，茶树接受光照时间短，强度低，漫射光多，这样有利于茶叶中含氮化合物，诸如叶绿素、全氮量和氨基酸含量的增加；三是由于高山有葱郁的林木，茫茫的云海，空气和土壤的湿度得以提高，从而使茶树芽叶光合作用形成的糖类化合物缩合困难，纤维素不易形成，茶树新销可在较长时期内保持鲜嫩而不易粗老。在这种情况下，对茶叶的色泽、香气、滋味、嫩度的提高，特别是对绿茶品质的改善，十分有利。

（2）、高山植被繁茂，枯枝落叶多，地面形成了一层厚厚的覆盖物，这样不但土壤质地疏松、结构良好，而且土壤有机质含量丰富，茶树所需的各种营养成分齐全，从生长在这种土壤的茶树上采摘下来的新梢，有效成分特别丰富，加工而成的茶叶，当然是香高味浓。

（3）、高山的气温对改善茶叶的内质有利。一般说来，海拔每升高100米，气温大致降低05摄氏度。而温度决定着茶树中酶的活性。现代科学分析表明，茶树新梢中茶多酚和儿茶素的含量随着海拔高度的升高，气温的降低而减少，从而使茶叶的浓涩味减轻；而茶叶中氨基酸和芳香物质的含量却随着海拔升高气温的降低而增加，这就为茶叶滋味的鲜爽甘醇提供了物质基础。茶叶中的芳香物质在加工过程中会发生复杂的化学变化，产生某些鲜花的芬芳香气，如苯乙醇能形成玫瑰香，茉莉酮能形成茉莉香，沉香醇能形成玉兰香，苯丙醇能形成水仙香等。许多高山茶之所以具有某些特殊的香气，其道理就在于此。

从上可见，高山出好茶，乃是由于高山的气候与土壤综合作用的结果。如果在制作时工艺精湛，那就更会锦上添花。当然，只要气候温和，雨量充沛，云雾较多，温度较大，以及土壤肥沃，土质良好，即使不是高山，但具备了高山生态环境的地方，同样会生产出品质优良的茶叶。

但任何事物都是有一定限度的。所谓高山出好茶，是与平地相比而言的并非是山越高，茶越好。对主要高山名茶产地的调查表明，这些茶山大都集中在海拔200-600米之间。海拔超过800米以上，由于气温偏低，往往茶树生长受阻，且易受白星病危害，用这种茶树新梢制出来的茶叶，饮起来涩口，味感较差

① 关于茶文化的课程,我们选的研究课题应该做写什么

要说多一点人的看法

② 茶艺课程

三、教学特色：不按书上培训。

1、参观知名品牌的旗舰店，了解叶店装修、橱窗摆设、货架整理、工作流程、冲泡技巧、喝茶心态等；

2、上茶山、上安溪县茶叶大观园参观各品种茶树，了解各类茶树的特征；

3、参与安溪铁观音茶叶加工，亲临体验铁观音茶叶的加工流程与工艺原理；

4、上铁观音茶史博物馆和三和茶博馆参观安溪铁观音茶叶的发展经历和现代风格的茶历艺术展示；

5、参观安溪最大的紫砂壶展厅，全面了解紫砂壶的鉴别、定价、养护等；

6、带领学员来到安溪最大的茶具配套中心，看茶具、茶桌、茶书、茶盘、茶宠等，为创业提供信息保障。

四、全面系统：零起点、全系统。

1、茶怎么来的？

2、绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶、红茶、黑茶是如何演变过来的？怎样加工出来的？有什么流程和原理？

3、加工出来的茶叶如何鉴别其品质、等级、特性？

4、根据不同茶类、选择不同茶具、水的温度、浸泡的时间，让茶发挥至最高境界？泡出一壶好茶来。

5、茶叶如何卖？茶叶如何营销？如何开店？茶叶店、茶艺馆的经营管理。

6、茶叶店、茶楼、茶艺馆礼仪（包括坐、站、行走、微笑等）。

7、修心养性的三套泡茶流程展示，既许多人眼里的茶艺表演（A、绿茶茶艺表演；B、安溪铁观音茶艺表演；C、台湾十八道闻香杯茶艺表演；），另增加了当前较为流行的——干泡法，也称为行茶法。

③ 我们是学ps的老师让做一个关于茶的课程概述 和设计目的

淘宝打开网页找个卖茶的

④ 茶学专业（包括茶艺、茶道方向）课程包含哪些

看学校，学校大部分是搞搞茶艺表演，这个意义不是很大。

⑤ 哪个年纪的课程讲到了茶

你好，想学茶艺师的话，一般只要你有初中的学历就可以过来学了，另外一定要身体 西安金比亚，可以根据自己的情况选择班次。

⑥ 茶文化是什么课程归属

答：目前，中国的高等院校里都没有设立茶文化系、专业。因此茶文化应当归属于大学食品系 茶学专业 （茶文化方向）方面的课程。

在国家教育部专业目录中有茶学专业（含茶文化专业）的招生计划。在茶学专业中设有茶文化方向。因此，茶文化专业根据目前的相关介绍来看，与茶学专业基本相同。

⑦ 一篇关于茶道课的文章

为推动日本茶艺的发展，代表人物里千家先生在其晚年和我的母校合作办

学，于我就读的旅游专业创立了茶道课程。

在校园入门处，盖了一座全木结构的茶道馆，与紧邻的教学楼相得益彰，钢

筋水泥的高大建筑平添了些许的柔和与原木的点缀。房子正门对着一块专门开辟

的绿地，到春天，绿地上唯一的一株桃树会开花，粉嘟嘟的，有点象十八女郎轻

挑惹人。

难忘的是第一次上课，年轻的日本女老师，一身庄重，金**的底大红牡丹

的和服，黄得耀眼，红得灿烂，淡淡的眉目，红红的唇，紧盘的头，月芽指尖在

流动。象一幅画，你就欣赏吧。

更难忘的是她给我们讲的关于“一期一会”。她是南开的留学生，第一次带

中国学生学茶道。在来中国之前，她兴奋了好几天，不知要带什么过来。

最后，她在来前一天，还是决定去买一套茶具。她说，她整个下午都在商店

里，看过了所有的茶具商品，左比右比，好容易在天黑前选中了一套。她让店主

多包了好多层铺垫，说是要带去中国的。

第二天，她随燕京号一路劳顿在天津港下船，而后又是一路小心地护卫回到

学校。进至房间第一件事就把箱子打开检查，结果，满眼的碎片，她怔了好久。

老师始终没有跟我们描述那套茶具的样子，她只淡淡地笑说：这就是“一期

一会”呀，只有我知道它曾是何样，只有我知道在那个下午曾花了怎样的心机去

找寻它。而今，一堆的碎片让我知道它不复存在，但它的确是有过生命的。

十年过去了，茶道的程序我早已遗忘，但时光中，“一期一会”的感受却

越来越深，老师的样子也仍历历在目。

⑧ 推荐高级茶艺师必备茶道课程有哪些

IT现在在国内是个新型的行业，对于这方面的人才需求还是很大的，所以学习这方面的专业就业前景好，发展空间大！！！

⑨ 茶学专业的课程设置

主干学科：食品科学、园艺学。

主要课程：植物生理与生物化学、应用概率统计、遗传学、土壤学、农业生态学、茶树栽培与育种学、茶叶生物化学、茶叶机械、茶叶加工学、茶叶审评与检验、经济管理与营销。

主要实践性教学环节：包括教学实习、生产实习、课程设计、毕业论文(毕业设计)、科研训练、生产劳动、社会实践等，一般安排不少于30周。

⑩ 给新生讲茶道课,我都应该讲些什么啊

我知道碧螺春是一对恋人的故事，茉莉花茶是官宦的故事，大红袍也有来历，专不好意思，懒得转贴，你属可以查查印象会更深些的，另外我给你提供一种新的教学方式不知可行否，你可以拿几种茶代过去让学生自己品尝，毕竟有兴趣才会认真学嘛

Tea – in Legend and HistoryThe actual origin of tea, as a drink, is not recorded in history, only in legend, but it is certain that it began in ancient China over 5,000 years ago The story goes that an early Emperor named Shen Nung was visiting a distant part of his realm one day when serendipity caused a discovery that would spread in popularity all over the world

Emperor Shénnóng Shen Nung was said to be an excellent ‘creative’ ruler – a scientist and a patron of the arts He was certainly well ahead of his time and in the interests of hygiene he commanded that all drinking water should be boiled While on a visit to the extremities of his realm, he and the court stopped to rest In accordance with his ruling the servants were busy boiling the drinking water when leaves from a nearby bush blew across the landscape and fell into the water and infused As a scientist, the Emperor was interested in this new brown liquid and having drunk some, found it very refreshing – and so, according to this narrative, tea was born

All the Tea in ChinaFor thousands of years, ‘tea culture’ spread throughout Chinese life and philosophy and every area of society, but it was not until 800 AD that the scholar Lu Yu wrote the first definitive book on the subject, which was called the Ch'a Ching (Book of Tea) Lu Yu was an orphan raised by Buddhist monks in one of China's finest monasteries He was both a rebel and a skilled observer who achieved acclaim as a performer Later, for a period of five years he became a recluse, withdrawing into seclusion and using his vast experience of events and places in ancient China to log the various methods of tea cultivation and preparation This huge project caught the attention of the Emperor, who gave him patronage Lu Yu’s work was deeply influenced by his Zen Buddhist upbringing and he almost achieved sainthood in his lifetime It was this influence that brought Zen Buddhism and tea drinking together

The Japanese ‘Tea Ceremony’ The value of tea for enhancing religious mediation in China was noticed by the Japanese Buddhist priest Yeisei, who took the first seeds back with him to Japan He was thereafter known throughout Japan as the ‘Father of Tea’ The subtly captivating qualities of Tea were well received among members of the royal court, various monasteries and other sections of Japanese society Since that time, tea in Japan has always been associated with Zen Buddhism

The Japanese Tea CeremonyTea’s presence as an aid to the calmer side of religious fervour made its transformation into philosophy and art an easy path The Japanese Tea Ceremony was created, otherwise known as: ‘Cha-no-yu’ which translates as ‘the hot water for tea’ The Tea Ceremony required years of training and practice, even though "the whole art, signifies no more than the making and serving of a cup of tea The supremely important matter is that the act be performed in the most perfect, most polite, most graceful, most charming manner possible" This description was written by the journalist-historian Lafcadio Hearn, who was granted Japanese citizenship during this era

As time went by, the original purity of the Zen and Tea concept was lost in a plethora of activity which surrounded the mystique of the heartwarming drink These diversions included the introduction of a special form of architecture known as ‘chaseki’ for the construction of ‘tea houses’ Its concept was based on the simplicity of a forest cottage

A group of Geishi The Geishi began to specialize in the presentation of the tea ceremony too Soon the intrinsically simple ceremony became corrupted by unnecessary embellishment, including ‘tea tournaments’, which were flamboyantly brash affairs, held among nobles They were completely out of harmony with the Zen philosophy surrounding tea, or even what is considered the correct ritual in teashops today for that matter

Eventually harmony was restored through the influence of priests, who convinced the nobles that tea drinking was a calm, reflective affair – the sort of meditation aid one might use before battle On this basis it could be seen as the ‘ultimate gift’ and was reintroduced into society and restored as a beautiful and respected ceremonyThe ceremony's greatest practitioners have always been philosophers, but also artists, connoisseurs, collectors, gardeners, calligraphers, gourmets and flower-arrangers The greatest of them, Sen Rikyu, left a tantalisingly simple set of rules: "Make a delicious bowl of tea; lay the charcoal so that it heats the water; arrange the flowers as they are in the field; in summer suggest coolness; in winter, warmth; do everything ahead of time; prepare for rain; and give to those with whom you find yourself, every consideration"

Passage to EuropeTea came to Europe slowly – at first by rumour and whispers The first European to ‘take tea’ and document it was the Portuguese Jesuit Father Jasper de Cruz in the 1550’s, when he was a missionary visiting China Later, the Portuguese developed a trade route and shipped tea to Lisbon This enterprise was repeated by the Dutch, who transported it to France, Holland and beyond

A ship of the 1650'sGreat Britain was the last of the three great sea-faring nations to benefit from the Chinese and East Indian trade routes Tea first reached English shores between 1652 and 1654, soon proving popular enough to become the national drink – replacing ale The following quotation by Agnes Reppiler sums this beautifully:"Tea had come as a deliverer to a land that called for deliverance; a land of beef and ale, of heavy eating and abundant drunkenness; of grey skies and harsh winds; of strong nerved , stout-purposed, slow-thinking men and women Above all, a land of sheltered homes and warm firesides - firesides that were waiting - waiting for the bubbling kettle and the fragrant breath of tea"

Tea was very fashionable in the Dutch capital, The Hague, when the price was high and only affordable by the rich Eventually the volume of imports grew and the price fell By 1675 it was available in food shops throughout Holland and spread into common use in France, remaining popular there for about fifty years before coffee took over

Meanwhile there had been a fierce debate among scholars and doctors about the benefits or otherwise of tea drinking, but nothing in this argument stopped tea becoming a way of life

The first mention of adding milk to tea was in 1680 During that period, Dutch inns provided the first 'service of tea' Owners would furnish guests with a portable ‘tea set’ which they would take outside with them so tea could be prepared in the tavern gardens Tea in AmericaThe Dutch influence on the transportation of tea ensured that it reached America It was Peter Stuyvesant (1592-1672) who took the first tea to the colonists in the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (later re-named New York)

Peter Styvesant 1592-1672The Dutch settlers were avid tea drinkers and it was discovered at the time the English acquired the colony, that this relatively small settlement consumed more tea than all of England Afternoon TeaThe mania for tea had swept across England soon after it had become popular in Holland and imports rose five fold between 1699 and 1708, but it was not until Anna, the Duchess of Bedford (1788-1861) decided that the "sinking feeling" she experienced in the late afternoon called for the adoption of the European idea of 'tea service' and created, what we now call ‘tea time’She did this by inviting friends to join her for an additional summer meal at five o'clock in her rooms at Belvoir Castle The menu was simply bread and butter sandwiches and small cakes It proved so popular she took the idea back to London with her, and it soon caught on Of course, the afternoon ritual was as much centred around conversation and gossip as food and drink

Eventually, two distinct forms of tea services evolved: ‘High Tea’ and ‘Low Tea’ Low tea being served in the ‘low’ part of the afternoon and was generally served in aristocratic homes of the wealthy, featuring tea and gourmet delights – again the emphasis was on presentation and conversation ‘High' Tea, also know as ‘Meat Tea’, was served with the main meal of the day

The English Tea GardenThe idea of ‘Tea Gardens’ was inspired by Dutch ‘tavern garden teas’ Ladies and gentlemen took tea outdoors with entertainment and diversions, such as concerts, arbors, flowered walks, bowling greens and gambling

A typical colonial tea gardenWomen were permitted to enter mixed public gatherings for the first time without social criticism It was at Tea Garden events that the custom of 'tipping' was developed as a method of ensuring prompt service In fact, each table had a small wooden box with the letters ‘TIPS’ inscribed on them The letters stood for: ‘To Insure Prompt Service’

cTea Gardens where highly popular in England throughout the twentieth century and although they are now somewhat scarce, they still remain popular today Tea Rooms, Tea Courts, and Tea DancesIn the late 1880's, fine hotels in England and America began to offer ‘tea service’ in Tea Rooms and Tea Courts Tea was served in the late afternoon to Victorian ladies and gentlemen who could meet for for tea, conversation and gossip in a socially acceptable way

A typical tea roomBy 1910, hotels began to host Tea Dances in the afternoon as various dance crazes began to rival the obsession for tea These were very popular among younger people who used them to meet members of the opposite sex

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