全国2007年1月高等教育自学ks机械制造试题答案

本文是一篇公共英语四级的阅读理解考试题及答案(答案在文章尾部)，希望能帮助大家顺利通过考试!

Section III Reading Comprehension(45 points) 阅读理解

Text 1

No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large, more important concept What could be more important than the individual oneself If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence

Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type of food When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had Uniforms also hurt the economy Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly

Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary Salespersons would be superfluous as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business Our entire information and entertainment industries would founder

41、The author’s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as __________

A practical

B hysterical

C radical

D critical

42、Judged from its style, this passage might be found in __________

A a children’s comics book

B an editorial in a paper

C a sociology textbook

D a political platform

43、It can be inferred that the author believes that __________

A individuals have no self-worth when they become part of an organization

B individuals are more important than organizations

C individuals are not so important as organizations

D individuals are the same important as organizations

44、The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that __________

A parents have responsibilities for their children

B uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for children

C uniforms cause dissension between parents and children

D individual motivation would be destroyed by uniforms

(本题分值：15分)正确答案D

45、The last word of the passage "founder" probably means __________

A collapse

B shrink

C disappear

D establish

Text 2

A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American There are, of course, exceptions Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence

Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality

Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails "I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing" Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly

The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions For example, when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers

46、In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ___________

A rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US

B small-minded officials deserve a serious comment

C Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors

D most Americans are ready to offer help

47、It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ___________

A culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship

B courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated

C various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends

D social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions

48、Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ___________

A to improve their hard life

B in view of their long-distance travel

C to add some flavor to their own daily life

D out of a charitable impulse

49、The tradition of hospitality to strangers ___________

A tends to be superficial and artificial

B is generally well kept up in the united States

C is always understood properly

D has something to do with the busy tourist trails

50、What’s the author’s attitudes toward the American’s friendliness

A Favorable

B Unfavorable

C Indifferent

D Neutral

Text 3

Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education However, nearly all require some break in one’s career in order to attend school full time Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people Additionally, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one’s career and family time Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning

Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world The time required to study many be set aside at the student’s convenience with due regard to all life’s other requirements Additionally, the student may enroll in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test

Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed The individuality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization Sponsoring distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education

51、According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time education

A It requires some break in one’s career

B It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program

C It affects one’s career

D It gives the student less time to share with the family

52、Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning

A The students may choose his or her own pace

B The students may study at any time to his or her convenience

C They can pursue their chosen career while studying

D Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, etc

53、What benefit will distance-learning program bring to a business

A Recruitment of more talented people

B Good image of the business

C Better cooperation with universities

D Further training of employees and business growth

54、What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business

A Professional growth

B Good relationship with the employer

C Good impression on the employer

D Higher salary

55、Which is not the characteristic of distance learning

A It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject

B Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus

C A distance-learning program has a place only for students

D The relationship of the professor/student is characterized by individuality

Text 4

I remember the way the light touched her hair She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom I felt as though I’d been struck a blow under the heart Thus began my first love affair Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window—her window—like some hapless summer insect That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I’d become paralyzed

She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed At home, I’d relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me "Going steady" implied a maturity we still lacked Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired I managed to hold her once at a dance—chaperoned, of course Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what I’d been thinking At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army

When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was awaiting discharge She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day

56、According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began

A Before he entered his teens

B In his early teens

C In his middle teens

D When he was just out of his teens

57、How did the author behave as a boy in love

A His first love motivated him toward hard study

B His first love evoked sentimental memories

C He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion

D He fulfilled his expectations and desires

58、According to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss

A Her Jewish origin did not allow it

B His Catholic adherence forbade it

C They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum

D Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful

59、According to the passage, what was Rachel’s response to the author’s tender affection before the war

A She recognized and accepted his love affectionately

B She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down

C She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him

D She didn’t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings

60、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage

A Statement and example

B Cause and effect

C Order of importance

D Linear description

参考答案

(一)

41C42B43B44D45A

(二)

46D47A48C49B50

(三)

51A52D53D54A55C

(四)

56A57C58C59C60D

前者，例如

Can you say it in English

这里只能用say，因为say后面有it，强调用英语怎么去表达，in English用英语，而speak English是说英语这一门语言。以下是二者的具体区别。

Speak 意思是“讲话”，强调说话的能力，方式和对象，即可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。作及物动词时，常用表示语言的名词或代词作宾语。例如：

Look!She is speaking in the classroom

瞧，她在教室里讲话呢。

Do you speak English

你讲英语吗？

Say 意思是“说”，强调说话内容。例如：

"What are you saying""I''m saying nothing"

“你在说什么？”“我什么也没有说。”

Please say it in English

请用英语说。

全国2007年1月高等教育自学ks

机械制造试题

课程代码：02230

一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1．奥氏体的硬度为（ ）

A．80～130HBS B．130～170HBS

C．170～220HBS D．220～270HBS

2．只能作滑动轴承内衬的是（ ）

A．巴氏合金 B．青铜

C．黄铜 D．灰铸铁

3．中间截面小的铸件宜采用（ ）

A．整模造型 B．分模造型

C．整模造型或分模造型 D．三箱造型

4．以下四种铸造方法中，铸件晶粒最粗的是（ ）

A．砂型铸造 B离心铸造

C．金属型铸造 D．压力铸造

5．与金属型相比，砂型（ ）

A．容易产生气孔 B．铸件易产生裂纹

C．高温下型腔不易损坏 D．铸件容易产生浇不足

6．模锻设备的吨位与自由锻设备的吨位相比（ ）

A．一样大 B．前者大

C．后者大 D．后者稍大

7．辊锻的生产率是锤上模锻的（ ）

A．1～2倍 B．2～5倍

C．5～10倍 D．10倍以上

8．电阻焊的特点之一是（ ）

A．耗电量小 B．对焊件厚度无限制

C．对焊件截面形状无限制 D．焊件变形小

9．以下四种材料中，焊接性能最好的是（ ）

A．中碳钢 B．高碳钢

C．强度 <400MPa的低合金结构钢 D．强度 >400MPa的低合金结构钢

10．高速钢刀具上常涂上2～5μm的TiN薄膜，以（ ）

A．提高刀具寿命 B．美观好看

C．防止生锈 D．改变切屑形状

11．总切削力的三个切削分力中最大的是（ ）

A．切向力 B．径向力

C．轴向力 D．径向力或轴向力

12．如果在车刀的主、副切削刃间磨有圆角，（ ）

A．会降低工件的表面质量 B．可提高工件的表面质量

C．会增大残留面积高度 D．对残留面积高度无影响

13．精车时应选用（ ）

A．较大的背吃刀量、进给量和较高的切削速度

B．较小的背吃刀量、进给量和较低的切削速度

C．较大的背吃刀量、进给量和较低的切削速度

D．较小的背吃刀量、进给量和较高的切削速度

14．切削钢等塑性金属时，如果刀具的前角很小，进给量很大并且切削速度很低时，则形成的是（ ）

A．节状切屑 B．带状切屑

C．崩碎切屑 D．带状或崩碎切屑

15．机床传动链条数与机床运动个数（ ）

A．应相等 B．不应相等

C．总是前者大后者小 D．总是前者小后者大

16．刨削能达到的尺寸精度为（ ）

A．IT10～IT9 B．IT9～IT8

C．IT8～IT7 D．IT7～IT6

17．麻花钻切削部分的切削刃有（ ）

A．一条 B．二条

C．三条 D．四条

18．轴类零件的调质处理一般安排在（ ）

A．精加工后 B．半精加工后

C．粗加工后、半精加工之前 D．半精加工或精加工后均可

19．目前齿轮加工所能达到的最高精度等级是（ ）

A．1级 B．2级

C．3级 D．4级

20．用宽V形架对工件外圆柱面定位可限制（ ）

A．一个转动和一个移动 B．二个转动和二个移动

C．二个转动和三个移动 D．三个转动和二个移动

二、填空题（本大题共16小题，每空1分，共20分）

请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。错填、不填均无分。

21．生产中常用来控制晶粒大小的方法有变质处理、附加振动和__________________。

22．常用的合金铸铁有耐磨铸铁、耐热铸铁和__________________。

23．可锻铸铁的铸造性能较球墨铸铁__________________。

24．合金的流动性除直接影响充型能力外，还对铸型中__________________以及__________________都有很大影响。

25．当内应力过大时铸件便产生裂纹，根据产生裂纹的原因不同，裂纹有________________和__________________之分。

26．铸件热应力产生的原因是__________________。

27．铸件结构设计时，必须充分考虑适应合金的__________________。

28．金属的冷塑性变形是指__________________。

29．将板料冲成开口空心件的变形工序称为__________________。

30．常用气体保护焊的保护气体有__________________和__________________两种。

31．超声波焊机由超声波发生器和__________________等组成。

32．刀具受到冲击的原因主要是__________________和__________________。

33．两种合理的刀具寿命是经济使用寿命和__________________。

34．按照机床的质量和尺寸不同，可以分为中型、大型、重型、超重型和__________________机床。

35．CA6140型卧式车床中的光杠专门用于实现车床的__________________。

36．刨削的主运动是直线往复运动，进给运动是直线__________________运动。

三、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）

37．防止铸件变形的工艺措施有哪些？

38．刀具切削部分材料应具备哪些切削性能？并简述其原因。

39．普通卧式车床上装夹工件有哪些方法？

40．齿坯加工的内容有哪些？这些加工重要吗？为什么？

四、分析计算题(本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分)

41．用调整法成批生产如图所示零件，1、2表面已加工完毕，现加工3表面，欲测量尺寸H以间接保证设计尺寸116±06，试求尺寸H及上、下偏差。

42．如图所示用长支承板3和短支承板1、2定位时，总共限制了工件哪些自由度每个定位元件分别限制了哪些自由度

PMP考试不仅每次试题都不一样，可以说每一个考试者拿到的试卷都是不完全相同的。PMP认证的官方机构PMI有一个PMP的题库，题库中有许多的PMP考试试题。官方把这些考试试题印刷在不同的试卷上，分为A/B/C/D/E/F六种卷型。在考试时，相邻座次的考试者拿到的试卷是不同的卷型。另外，PMP考试的题库每四年进行一次更新。想要学习PMP课程，推荐51CTO学堂这个PMP课程应该是业内超高性价比课程

因为PMP考试是持续进行的，所以PMP考试的试题及答案不对外公布公布。PMP国外机考，除节假日外，每天都开考，国内一年考4次。尚未淘汰的PMP考试题目，以后还会循环使用，因此是有概率遇到同样的题的。

51CTO学堂中国领先的IT技术在线学习平台，拥有丰富和高质量的IT技术在线教育资源。其教学内容完整覆盖了就业培训、在职提升和认证考试等职业教育领域，为IT技术人员终身成长提供全面服务。品牌知名度大、班型多。免费试学，报名三天内，无理由退费，一次不过，免费重修。

think it +adj 是一个固定搭配，是谓语加宾语加宾语加宾语补足语。

think it is +adj 是宾语从句，think 后面省略了that。

其实这是两种不同的用法

计算机专业会不会很难学？

这样看你自己的理解能力，思维能力，再说自己喜欢计算机也就不难学的

计算机相关专业非常多，哪个专业都需要学习理论，学习理论都是需要下功夫学习这些枯燥的理论，学习没有轻松的捷径。

没有计算机基础选择计算机专业会不会很难学？

我是学计算机的，只要你从中去慢慢体会慢慢学…然后要对它多多关注多少看，产生兴趣…

学渣去读技校，报计算机专业会不会很难学

我是学 电脑科学与技术 专业的。这个专业比其他专业 确实需要多下些功夫，而且课程比较多。但就业前景好，预期收入也高。只要用心，多加练习，就能学好计算机。而且和之前的基础联络不太大。

初中毕业学计算机专业会不会很难？

我是 来骗分数的。、呵呵、 开玩笑的!

针对题目来说：看你学习什么东西, 比如简单的很好学。 但是如果是像学习那些C++语言什么的、反正我是怕。背了差不多3个星期。天天头脑都是那东西。这其实或许也是要本能吧！

我不会英语 想学计算机专业 会很难学吗？

计算机专业，这可是一个很大的概念。这里面有程式设计、 有页网设计、还有计算机原理、计算机网路等课程。程式设计要用到英语和数学。页网需要设计思维。但其实都不要求很高，而且有很多的英文用得太多，学久了你一看就会，入门无太中学及格水平能完全胜任。关键专业在于兴趣哦。

计算机专业很难学吗？

学习好计算机关键是要选择好的计算机培训机构进行深入的学习

目前的广东矽谷软体学院比较权威，师资力量很强大，教学质量也很高，是粤东地区最具规模的IT职业教育机构，值得信赖

女生学计算机专业会不会很累

主要看自己的兴趣 做自己喜欢的事情 不会感到辛苦 只会慢慢体验成就感 忙而快乐着

我不是计算机专业的，我想考计算机二级，会不会很难啊？

不会啊，计算机二级没有那么专业的，二级有很多类的，你挑一个你擅长的型别就行了

语言类的话，看你以前学的是哪种语言。像我们当时大一学的是C语言，大三去考计算机二级C，感觉不难，考试内容除了C语言外，还会有部分DOS命令的考题，但都是常用命令，不多，找本二级C的辅导书，背下来就好了。

一般计算机考试有笔试和机考，笔试的时候注意指标方面的内容，不能错太多，否则容易不及格；机考一般先来几道DOS命令题，再来一道C语言程式改错题，最后是一道程式补全题。机考好像是考试系统自动选题的，当年就是运气特别好，程式补全题是写一段气泡排序的程式，呵呵。

自动化专业跨专业考研到计算机专业会不会很难？

不会很难。

基础课都一样，专业科稍有区别。

你为什么要转计算机呀？

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