#在蓝牙连接的过程中部分api需要加定时器延时1秒到2秒左右再执行，原因为何不知道，小程序有这样的要求
#1.首先是要初始化蓝牙：openBluetoothAdapter()
```js
if (wx.openBluetoothAdapter) {
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({
success: function(res) {
/* 获取本机的蓝牙状态 */
setTimeout(() =>{
getBluetoothAdapterState()
}, 1000)
},
fail: function(err) {
// 初始化失败
}
})
} else {
}
```
#2.检测本机蓝牙是否可用：
# 要在上述的初始化蓝牙成功之后回调里调用
```js
getBluetoothAdapterState() {
var that= this
that.toastTitle= '检查蓝牙状态'
wx.getBluetoothAdapterState({
success: function(res) {
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res)
}
})
}
```
#3. 开始搜索蓝牙设备：
```js
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery() {
var that= this
setTimeout(() =>{
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function(res) {
/* 获取蓝牙设备列表 */
that.getBluetoothDevices()
},
fail(res) {
}
})
}, 1000)
}
```
#4. 获取搜索到的蓝牙设备列表
# /* that.deviceName 是获取到的蓝牙设备的名称， 因为蓝牙设备在安卓和苹果手机上搜到的蓝牙地址显示是不一样的，所以根据设备名称匹配蓝牙*/
```js
getBluetoothDevices() {
var that= this
setTimeout(() =>{
wx.getBluetoothDevices({
services: [],
allowDuplicatesKey: false,
interval: 0,
success: function(res) {
if (res.devices.length>0) {
if (JSON.stringify(res.devices).indexOf(that.deviceName) !== -1) {
for (let i = 0i <res.devices.lengthi++) {
if (that.deviceName === res.devices[i].name) {
/* 根据指定的蓝牙设备名称匹配到deviceId */
that.deviceId = that.devices[i].deviceId
setTimeout(() =>{
that.connectTO()
}, 2000)
}
}
} else {
}
} else {
}
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res, '获取蓝牙设备列表失败=====')
}
})
}, 2000)
},
```
#5.连接蓝牙
# 匹配到的蓝牙设备ID 发送连接蓝牙的请求， 连接成功之后 应该断开蓝牙搜索的api，然后去获取所连接蓝牙设备的service服务
```js
connectTO() {
wx.createBLEConnection({
deviceId: deviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.connectedDeviceId = deviceId
/* 4.获取连接设备的service服务 */
that.getBLEDeviceServices()
wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function(res) {
console.log(res, '停止搜索')
},
fail(res) {
}
})
},
fail: function(res) {
}
})
}
```
#6. 获取蓝牙设备的service服务,获取的serviceId有多个要试着连接最终确定哪个是稳定版本的service 获取服务完后获取设备特征值
```js
getBLEDeviceServices() {
setTimeout(() =>{
wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.services= res.services
/* 获取连接设备的所有特征值 */
that.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics()
},
fail: (res) =>{
}
})
}, 2000)
},
```
#7.获取蓝牙设备特征值
# 获取到的特征值有多个，最后要用的事能读，能写，能监听的那个值的uuid作为特征值id，
```js
getBLEDeviceCharacteristics() {
setTimeout(() =>{
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: services[2].uuid,
success: function(res) {
for (var i = 0i <res.characteristics.lengthi++) {
if ((res.characteristics[i].properties.notify || res.characteristics[i].properties.indicate) &&
(res.characteristics[i].properties.read &&res.characteristics[i].properties.write)) {
console.log(res.characteristics[i].uuid, '蓝牙特征值 ==========')
/* 获取蓝牙特征值 */
that.notifyCharacteristicsId = res.characteristics[i].uuid
// 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能
that.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange()
}
}
},
fail: function(res) {
}
})
}, 1000)
},
```
#8.启动notify 蓝牙监听功能 然后使用 wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange用来监听蓝牙设备传递数据
#接收到的数据和发送的数据必须是二级制数据， 页面展示的时候需要进行转换
```js
notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange() { // 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能
var that= this
console.log('6.启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能')
wx.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
state: true,
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: that.notifyServicweId,
characteristicId: that.notifyCharacteristicsId,
complete(res) {
/*用来监听手机蓝牙设备的数据变化*/
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function(res) {
/**/
that.balanceData += that.buf2string(res.value)
that.hexstr += that.receiveData(res.value)
})
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res, '启用低功耗蓝牙设备监听失败')
that.measuringTip(res)
}
})
},
/*转换成需要的格式*/
buf2string(buffer) {
var arr = Array.prototype.map.call(new Uint8Array(buffer), x =>x)
return arr.map((char, i) =>{
return String.fromCharCode(char)
}).join('')
},
receiveData(buf) {
return this.hexCharCodeToStr(this.ab2hex(buf))
},
/*转成二进制*/
ab2hex (buffer) {
var hexArr = Array.prototype.map.call(
new Uint8Array(buffer), function (bit) {
return ('00' + bit.toString(16)).slice(-2)
}
)
return hexArr.join('')
},
/*转成可展会的文字*/
hexCharCodeToStr(hexCharCodeStr) {
var trimedStr = hexCharCodeStr.trim()
var rawStr = trimedStr.substr(0, 2).toLowerCase() === '0x' ? trimedStr.substr(2) : trimedStr
var len = rawStr.length
var curCharCode
var resultStr= []
for (var i = 0i <leni = i+ 2) {
curCharCode = parseInt(rawStr.substr(i, 2), 16)
resultStr.push(String.fromCharCode(curCharCode))
}
return resultStr.join('')
},
```
# 向蓝牙设备发送数据
```js
sendData(str) {
let that= this
let dataBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(str.length)
let dataView = new DataView(dataBuffer)
for (var i = 0i <str.lengthi++) {
dataView.setUint8(i, str.charAt(i).charCodeAt())
}
let dataHex = that.ab2hex(dataBuffer)
this.writeDatas = that.hexCharCodeToStr(dataHex)
wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: that.notifyServicweId,
characteristicId: that.notifyCharacteristicsId,
value: dataBuffer,
success: function (res) {
console.log('发送的数据：' + that.writeDatas)
console.log('message发送成功')
},
fail: function (res) {
},
complete: function (res) {
}
})
},
```
# 当不需要连接蓝牙了后就要关闭蓝牙，并关闭蓝牙模块
```js
// 断开设备连接
closeConnect() {
if (that.connectedDeviceId) {
wx.closeBLEConnection({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.closeBluetoothAdapter()
},
fail(res) {
}
})
} else {
that.closeBluetoothAdapter()
}
},
// 关闭蓝牙模块
closeBluetoothAdapter() {
wx.closeBluetoothAdapter({
success: function(res) {
},
fail: function(err) {
}
})
},
```
#在向蓝牙设备传递数据和接收数据的过程中，并未使用到read的API 不知道有没有潜在的问题，目前线上运行为发现任何的问题
#今天的蓝牙使用心得到此结束，谢谢
微信小程序怎么实现蓝牙连接？（代码示例）微信小程序 2022-03-13
微信小程序如何实现蓝牙连接？本篇文章给大家带来的内容是介绍微信小程序实现蓝牙连接的方法（步骤）。有一定的参考价值，有需要的朋友可以参考一下，希望对你们有所帮助。
最近的项目需要使用小程序的蓝牙功能与硬件设备进行连接相互传送数据指令，联调过程中发现一些问题，于是想着记录下来，方便以后查看！
1、初始化蓝牙设备
一般使用蓝牙功能肯定是想连接某一个蓝牙设备，所以需要知道这个蓝牙设备的名称，一般来说都是扫描二维码连接，那么当你扫描这个设备二维码的时候，就需要去初始化你手机上的蓝牙模块了
/**
* 初始化蓝牙设备
*/
initBlue:function(){
var that = this
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({//调用微信小程序api 打开蓝牙适配器接口
success: function (res) {
// console.log(res)
wx.showToast({
title: '初始化成功',
icon: 'success',
duration: 800
})
that.findBlue()//2.0
},
fail: function (res) {//如果手机上的蓝牙没有打开，可以提醒用户
wx.showToast({
title: '请开启蓝牙',
icon: 'fails',
duration: 1000
})
}
})
},
2、搜索蓝牙设备
手机蓝牙初始化成功之后，就会去搜索周边的蓝牙设备
/**
*开始搜索蓝牙设备
*/
findBlue(){
var that = this
wx.startBluetoothDevicesdiscovery({
allowDuplicatesKey: false,
interval: 0,
success: function (res) {
//index.js//获取应用实例
const app = getApp()
const util = require('../../utils/util.js')
const bletool = require('../../utils/bletool.js')
Page({
data: {
// lists: [{ 'order_no': '1111', 'car_no': '321', 'car_type': '尚好捷', 'order_date': '2018-01-02 08:00', 'order_money': '16.00', 'order_time': '4' }],
car_no: '',
order_no: '',
lists: [],
bleList: [], //蓝牙设备数组
serviceId: '',//592B3370-3900-9A71-4535-35D4212D2837
serviceMac: '',//C9:9B:4C:E7:DE:10
service_psd: '',//855525B837253705595800000329
service_uuid: '',
deviceId:'',
characteristics:[] //特征值
},
onLoad: function (options) {
this.initBle()
},
onReady: function () {
// 页面渲染完成
},
onShow: function () {
if (app.globalData.car_no.length>0){
this.getDeviceInfo()
}
},
onHide: function () {
// 页面隐藏
},
onUnload: function () {
// 页面关闭
app.globalData.car_no=''
},
//蓝牙相关
//初始化蓝牙
initBle: function () {
var that = this
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
console.log('adapterState changed, now is', res)
app.globalData.ble_state = res.available
if (res.available) {
that.initBle()
} else {
util.showToast('手机蓝牙已关闭')
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = false
}
})
//打开蓝牙适配器
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({
success: function (res) {
console.log('打开蓝牙适配器成功')
that.getBluetoothAdapterState()
app.globalData.ble_state = true
that.onBluetoothDeviceFound()
},
fail: function (res) {
// fail
console.log(res)
util.showToast('请打开手机蓝牙')
},
complete: function (res) {
// complete
}
})
},
onBluetoothDeviceFound:function(){
var that = this
//监听扫描
wx.onBluetoothDeviceFound(function (res) {
// res电脑模拟器返回的为数组；手机返回的为蓝牙设备对象
console.log('监听搜索新设备：', res)
that.updateBleList([res])
})
},
getBluetoothAdapterState: function () {
var that = this
wx.getBluetoothAdapterState({
success: function (res) {
var available = res.available
var discovering = res.discovering
if (!available) {
util.showToast('蓝牙不可用')
} else {
if (!discovering) {
// that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
}
}
}
})
},
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery: function () {
var that = this
var services = []
services.push(this.data.serviceId)
wx.showLoading({
title: '设备搜索中'
})
setTimeout(function () {
wx.hideLoading()
if (app.globalData.deviceId.length==0){
util.showModal('设备搜索失败，请重试')
}
}, 10000)
if(bletool.isIOS()){
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
services: services,
allowDuplicatesKey: true,
success: function (res) {
console.log('ios搜索成功')
console.log(res)
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log(err)
}
})
}else{
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
// services: services,
allowDuplicatesKey: true,
success: function (res) {
console.log('Android搜索成功')
console.log(res)
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log(err)
wx.hideLoading()
that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
// that.getBluetoothAdapterState()
util.showToast('搜索失败')
}
})
}
},
startConnectDevices: function (ltype, array) {
var that = this
clearTimeout(that.getConnectedTimer)
that.getConnectedTimer = null
wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function (res) {
// success
}
})
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = true
console.log('连接前：'+that.deviceId)
wx.createBLEConnection({
deviceId: that.deviceId,
success: function (res) {
if (res.errCode == 0) {
console.log('连接成功：')
that.getService(that.deviceId)
}
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log('连接失败：', err)
wx.hideLoading()
util.showModal('设备连接失败，请重试')
// if (ltype == 'loop') {
// that.connectDeviceIndex += 1
// that.loopConnect(array)
// } else {
// that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
// that.getConnectedBluetoothDevices()
// }
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = false
},
complete: function () {
}
})
},
getService: function (deviceId) {
var that = this
// 监听蓝牙连接
wx.onBLEConnectionStateChange(function (res) {
console.log(res)
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = res.connected
if (!res.connected) {
util.showToast('连接断开')
}
})
// 获取蓝牙设备service值
wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
deviceId: deviceId,
success: function (res) {
console.log('获取蓝牙设备service值')
console.log(res)
that.getCharacter(deviceId, res.services)
}
})
},
getCharacter: function (deviceId, services) {
var that = this
services.forEach(function (value, index, array) {
if (value.isPrimary) {
that.setData({
service_uuid: value.uuid,
deviceId: deviceId
})
app.globalData.service_uuid= value.uuid
app.globalData.deviceId=deviceId
}
})
//监听通知
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (res) {
// callback
console.log('value change', res)
const hex = bletool.buf2char(res.value)
console.log('返回的数据：', hex)
//配对密码
if (hex.indexOf('855800000106') != -1) {
wx.hideLoading()
var charact_write = that.data.characteristics[1]
bletool.writeDataToDevice(that.data.deviceId, that.data.service_uuid, charact_write, that.data.service_psd)
wx.showToast({
title: '设备已连接',
icon: 'success',
duration: 3000
})
setTimeout(function () {
bletool.writeDataToDevice(that.data.deviceId, that.data.service_uuid, charact_write, '235525B837253705590400000273')
}, 2000)
} else if (hex.indexOf('23040000') != -1) {
//启动成功
that.starRenting()
}
})
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: deviceId,
serviceId: that.getServiceUUID(),
success: function (res) {
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: deviceId,
serviceId: that.getServiceUUID(),
success: function (res) {
console.log('特征', res)
that.setData({
characteristics:res.characteristics
})
app.globalData.characteristics = res.characteristics
var charact_read = res.characteristics[0]
},
loopConnect: function (devicesId) {
var that = this
var listLen = devicesId.length
if (devicesId[this.connectDeviceIndex]) {
this.deviceId = devicesId[this.connectDeviceIndex]
this.startConnectDevices('loop', devicesId)
} else {
console.log('已配对的设备小程序蓝牙连接失败')
that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
that.getConnectedBluetoothDevices()
}
},
//更新数据 devices为数组类型
updateBleList: function (devices) {
console.log('设备数据：',devices)
var newData = this.data.bleList
var that = this
var tempDevice = null
for (var i = 0i <devices.lengthi++) {
//ios设备
if (devices[i].devices != null) {
if (devices[i].devices.length >0) {
tempDevice = devices[i].devices[0]
}
else {
continue
}
}
//安卓
else {
tempDevice = devices[i]
}
if (!this.isExist(tempDevice)) {
newData.push(tempDevice)
}
}
console.log('数据：')
console.log(newData)
this.setData({
bleList: newData
})
if (!app.globalData.ble_isonnectting) {
var that = this
this.data.bleList.forEach(function (value, index, array) {
//找到对应id的设备，ios判断服务id安卓判断mac地址
var deviceId = value['deviceId']
if(bletool.isIOS()){
let advertisServiceUUID = value['advertisServiceUUIDs'][0]
if (advertisServiceUUID == that.data.serviceId.toUpperCase()){
that.deviceId = deviceId
console.log(that.deviceId)
that.startConnectDevices()
}
}else{
if (deviceId == that.data.serviceMac) {
that.deviceId = deviceId
console.log(that.deviceId)
that.startConnectDevices()
}
}
})
}
},
//是否已存在 存在返回true 否则false
isExist: function (device) {
var tempData = this.data.bleList
for (var i = 0i <tempData.lengthi++) {
if (tempData[i].deviceId == device.deviceId) {
return true
}
}
return false
},
//服务uuid
getServiceUUID: function () {
return bletool.stringTransition(this.data.service_uuid)
},
getDeviceInfo: function () {
let car_no = app.globalData.car_no
var that = this
wx.request({
url: app.globalData.serverURL + '?c=car&a=getDeviceInfo&open_id=' + app.globalData.open_id + '&car_no=' + car_no,
method: 'GET', // OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, CONNECT
header: { 'content-type': 'application/json' }, // 设置请求的 header
success: function (res) {
// success
var data = res.data
console.log(data)
if (data.result == 1) {
app.globalData.serviceId = data.data.service_id
app.globalData.serviceMac = data.data.service_mac,
app.globalData.service_psd = '85' + data.data.service_psd + '5800000329'
that.setData({
serviceId: data.data.service_id,
serviceMac: data.data.service_mac,
service_psd: '85' + data.data.service_psd+'5800000329',
})
app.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
// that.onBLECharacteristicValueChange()
} else {
util.showModal(data.msg)
}
},
fail: function () {
},
complete: function () {
// complete
}
})
},
})
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