物理实验——自准值法测凸透镜焦距数据处理C++代码

一.自准值法测凸透镜代码

数据的输入

int n;
	double x,sum=0,e,s=0,k,z,c;
	cout << "输入光源的位置数据" << endl;
	double xp;
	cin >> xp;
	cout << "输入凸透镜的位置数据个数" << endl;
	cin >> n;
	cout << "输入凸透镜的位置X1,数据间用回车相隔" << endl;
	double X1[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cin >> X1[i];
	}
	cout << "输入凸透镜旋转180度后的位置X2，数据用回车相隔" << endl;
	double X2[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cin >> X2[i];
	}

此段代码的含义是输入相应的实验数据。

数据计算

double X[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		sum += xp - (X1[i] + X2[i]) / 2;
		e = sum / n;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		s += (xp-(X1[i] + X2[i])/2 - e) * (xp - (X1[i] + X2[i]) / 2 - e);
	}
	k = s / (n - 1);
	z = sqrt(k);
	if (n == 2) {
		c = z * 8.98;
	}
	else if (n == 3) {
		c = z * 2.48;
	}
	else if (n == 4) {
		c = z * 1.59;
	}
	else if (n == 5) {
		c = z * 1.24;
	}
	else if (n == 6) {
		c = z * 1.05;
	}
	else if (n == 7) {
		c = z * 0.93;
	}
	else if (n == 8) {
		c = z * 0.84;
	}
	else if (n == 9) {
		c = z * 0.77;
	}
	else if (n == 10) {
		c = z * 0.72;
	}

此段代码含义是求数据的不确定度。

处理后的数据输出

cout << "焦距为" << e << endl;
	cout << "A不确定度为" << c << endl;
	cout << "如果需要计算总不确定度，请输入仪器偏差" << endl;
	double l, j;
	cin >> l;
	j = sqrt(c * c + l * l);
	cout << "总不确定度为" << j << endl;

完整代码如下

#include 
using namespace  std;
int main()
{
	int n;
	double x,sum=0,e,s=0,k,z,c;
	cout << "输入光源的位置数据" << endl;
	double xp;
	cin >> xp;
	cout << "输入凸透镜的位置数据个数" << endl;
	cin >> n;
	cout << "输入凸透镜的位置X1,数据间用回车相隔" << endl;
	double X1[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cin >> X1[i];
	}
	cout << "输入凸透镜旋转180度后的位置X2，数据用回车相隔" << endl;
	double X2[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cin >> X2[i];
	}
	double X[500];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		sum += xp - (X1[i] + X2[i]) / 2;
		e = sum / n;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		s += (xp-(X1[i] + X2[i])/2 - e) * (xp - (X1[i] + X2[i]) / 2 - e);
	}
	k = s / (n - 1);
	z = sqrt(k);
	if (n == 2) {
		c = z * 8.98;
	}
	else if (n == 3) {
		c = z * 2.48;
	}
	else if (n == 4) {
		c = z * 1.59;
	}
	else if (n == 5) {
		c = z * 1.24;
	}
	else if (n == 6) {
		c = z * 1.05;
	}
	else if (n == 7) {
		c = z * 0.93;
	}
	else if (n == 8) {
		c = z * 0.84;
	}
	else if (n == 9) {
		c = z * 0.77;
	}
	else if (n == 10) {
		c = z * 0.72;
	}
	cout << "焦距为" << e << endl;
	cout << "A不确定度为" << c << endl;
	cout << "如果需要计算总不确定度，请输入仪器偏差" << endl;
	double l, j;
	cin >> l;
	j = sqrt(c * c + l * l);
	cout << "总不确定度为" << j << endl;
}

运行效果