第一章：Lua

Lua 1、简介

Lua 是一种轻量小巧的脚本语言，用标准C语言编写并以源代码形式开放， 其设计目的是为了嵌入应用程序中，从而为应用程序提供灵活的扩展和定制功能。

优点：

• lua是一个免费、小巧、简单、强大、高效、轻量级的嵌入式的脚本语言,lua当前的发行版本5.3.1只有276k。
• 它是用C语言开发的项目，所以可以在大部分的 *** 作系统上运行
• lua是目前速度最快的脚本语言，既可以提升语言的灵活性还可以最大限度的保留速度
• 其语法非常简单，没有特例
• lua还可以作为C的API来使用

2、安装

安装的版本为lua-5.4.4

# 安装依赖包
# yum install libtermcap-devel ncurses-devel libevent-devel readline-devel gcc -y
# cd /usr/local/src/
# curl -R -O http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.4.4.tar.gz
# tar xvf lua-5.4.4.tar.gz
# cd lua-5.4.4/
# make linux
# make install
cd src && mkdir -p /usr/local/bin /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/local/man/man1 /usr/local/share/lua/5.4 /usr/local/lib/lua/5.4
cd src && install -p -m 0755 lua luac /usr/local/bin
cd src && install -p -m 0644 lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp /usr/local/include
cd src && install -p -m 0644 liblua.a /usr/local/lib
cd doc && install -p -m 0644 lua.1 luac.1 /usr/local/man/man1

3、安装luajit

LuaJIT is a Just-In-Time Compiler for the Lua programming language

LuaJIT是Lua的即时编译器，简单来说，LuaJIT是一个高效的Lua虚拟机。LuaJIT是一个跟踪JITTraceJIT而非方法JITMethodJIT，其工作方式并不是检测和优化整个热点方法而是检测并优化热点跟踪或执行路径。

# pwd
/usr/local/src
# wget  https://github.com/LuaJIT/LuaJIT/archive/v2.0.5.tar.gz
# tar xvf v2.0.5.tar.gz
# cd LuaJIT-2.0.5
# make PREFIX=/usr/local/luajit2
# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/luajit2
# ln -sf /usr/local/luajit2/bin/luajit /usr/bin/luajit

4、安装luarocks

“Luarocks是一个Lua包管理器,基于Lua语言开发,提供一个命令行的方式来管理Lua包依赖、安装第三方Lua包等,社区比较流行的包管理器之一,另还有一个LuaDist,Luarocks的包数量比LuaDist多。”

#pwd
/usr/local/src
# wget --no-check-certificate https://luarocks.org/releases/luarocks-3.9.0.tar.gz
# tar xvf luarocks-3.9.0.tar.gz
# cd luarocks-3.9.0/
# ./configure --with-lua=/usr/local --with-lua-include=/usr/local/include

Configuring LuaRocks version 3.9.0...

Lua version detected: 5.4
Lua interpreter found: /usr/local/bin/lua
lua.h found: /usr/local/include/lua.h
unzip found in PATH: /usr/bin

Done configuring.

LuaRocks will be installed at......: /usr/local
LuaRocks will install rocks at.....: /usr/local
LuaRocks configuration directory...: /usr/local/etc/luarocks
Using Lua from.....................: /usr/local
Lua include directory..............: /usr/local/include

* Type make and make install:
  to install to /usr/local as usual.
* Type make bootstrap:
  to install LuaRocks into /usr/local as a rock.

# make && make install
......
mkdir -p "/usr/local/bin"
install "build/luarocks" "/usr/local/bin/luarocks"    ####命令
mkdir -p "/usr/local/bin"     
install "build/luarocks-admin" "/usr/local/bin/luarocks-admin"    ####命令
mkdir -p "/usr/local/etc/luarocks"
install -m 644 "build/config-5.4.lua" "/usr/local/etc/luarocks/config-5.4.lua"
mkdir -p "/usr/local/share/lua/5.4/luarocks/test"
install -m 644 "src/luarocks/test/busted.lua" "/usr/local/share/lua/5.4/luarocks/test/busted.lua"
mkdir -p "/usr/local/share/lua/5.4/luarocks/test"
.......