it不是定语从句引导词,谈不上区别。重点是得判断是不是定语从句。如果是就得用which。以你的题来说,句子中包含两个谓语动词,并且没有并列句引导词如and等,说明句子中包含从句,通过审题发现后一个分句缺少主语,说明是定语从句,所以答案为which。
18 定语从句
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
181 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
182 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
183 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you
判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。)
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1 Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age
A where B that C on which D the one
例2 Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held
A where B that C on which D the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago
例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
184 限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:
This is the house which we bought last month 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year 查理•史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。
说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
185 介词+关系词
1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2)that前不能有介词。
3) 某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago
This is the house where I lived two years ago
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
Do you remember the day when you joined our club
186 as, which 非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us
典型例题
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise
A it B that C which D he
答案C 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect
A what B which C that D it
答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park
A that B which C as D it
答案B
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which。
在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。
As 的用法
例1 the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has)
例2 as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health
As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。
187 先行词和关系词二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here
(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school
(what 可以用all that代替)
188 what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything
What you want has been sent here
Whatever you want makes no difference to me
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
(错)Who breaks the law will be punished
(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear
(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished
(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear
3) that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时 ,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从 句, 用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。
I think (that) you will like the stamps
What we need is more practice
189 关系代词that 的用法
1)不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here
b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
b) 在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。
c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时,只用that。
d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。
e) 先行词既有人,又有物时。
举例:
All that is needed is a supply of oil
所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
定语从句里的
One
指代的是上文已经出现过的同一或同一类东西,通常不能用来指代句子,one用作定语从句中作先行词。
比如:
I
don't
like
the
red
coat,but
the
blue
one
这里的one
就是泛指上文中的coat
或者:
I
will
throw
the
red
shoes,the
one
that
was
broken
yesterday
如果用
the
one,就是特指前面提到的那一件东西。
it
通常在句子中用作形式主语或形式宾语,往往后面会有真正的主语/宾语出现,一般不用于定语从句中。在一般句子中,it
也是特指前面出现的东西,这点和the
one作先先词的定语从句有点像,比如
I
will
throw
the
book,the
one
that
was
broken
yesterday
就可以改为;I
will
throw
the
book,because
it
was
broken
yesterd
希望采纳~
首先纠正一下,第二个句子which前边应该是逗号,因为两个句子是主从句的关系,中间用逗号隔开。
第一种情况是两个句子,两个句子之间是平行关系,之间是句号。
第二种情况是一个句子,是主从复合句。
两种情况只有语法上的区别,意义上没有什么差别,因为第二种情况里面的定语从句是非限制性定语从句,完全可以单独翻译。这里的机器翻译还是可以的,语意通顺即可,可以作为参考。
希望能帮到你!
同学你好,由于不知道你问的具体只能和你说这些,你有不明白再追问可以吧。
首先否定一个which,which是不能引导主语从句的,也就是你看不到which开头的陈述句,which可以作为定语从句的引导词,what的话是主语从句中用的最多的,一般情况下what 开头的句型有what I want,what I did,said,heard,它直接翻译为我想要的,我听到的,我说的,一般它用于主系表结构当中较多,高考是注意辨别这个what能不能选。as引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句比较多,it的话用凃比较广泛了,可以做形式主语,就是说真正的主语在后面。然后可以形成强调句式:it is、was that
one、it、this、that都是代词,它们的区别为:含义不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。
一、含义不同
1one
释义:pron 任何人;某人。
2it
释义:(指提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物)它。
3this
释义:(指较近的人或事物)这,这个。
4that
释义:(指较远的人或事物)那, 那个。
二、用法不同
1one
用法:(指已提过的人或物)这,那;这些,那些,用于表示所修饰的许多人或物中的一个。
2it
用法:it可以代替前面提到的某个名词、代词或句子,但在believe,expect,forget,imagine,remember,think等词后常常省略。
3this
用法:this用作代词可用以指叙述中的人或事物,即指前面提到过的人或事物或下文提及的事物,this一般作主语时才指人,在电话用语中,this用来指代自己。
4that
用法:that用作关系代词时,指人或事物,同时又在从句中充当句子成分,that偶尔也可引导非限制性定语从句。
三、侧重点不同
1one
解析:one指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个,但不是上文提到的那一个事物,即“同类不同物”。
2it
解析:it代替上文提到的东西。
3this
解析:this一般指较近的事物,不能代替前面的东西。
4that
解析:that在进行比较时,代替不可数名词,如weather , population 等,指示代词时,一般指较远的事物。
这三个词没有可比性,因为非限定性定语从句只能用关系代词
which,不能用
that,而
it
是人称代词,不能当作关系代词使用。所以,唯一的区别是只有
which是正确的,其他两个都是错误的。
以上就是关于which和that以及it的用法有什么区别全部的内容,包括:which和that以及it的用法有什么区别、求WHAT\WHICH\THAT 在*从句*中各自的用法及区别。英语好的来按要求回答谢谢!、which one和which it的区别是什么事等相关内容解答,如果想了解更多相关内容,可以关注我们,你们的支持是我们更新的动力!
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