基于Cocos2d-x的迷宫探索演示程序

概述前言 本文展示了使用cocos2d-x来实现的一个迷宫探索演示程序，一种简单粗暴的寻路算法，算法来自经典的严蔚敏c语言数据结构里的迷宫探索算法，使用栈来实现。 效果图 按钮功能： Begin : 开始演示 Reset： 重新生成随机地图, 地图是可以编辑，点击每个掉块翻转状态（墙或者路） State: 显示地图的数字状态，调试用。 Edit: 在进行过探索之后，可以通过Edit对地图进行微调，即可 前言

本文展示了使用cocos2d-x来实现的一个迷宫探索演示程序，一种简单粗暴的寻路算法，算法来自经典的严蔚敏c语言数据结构里的迷宫探索算法，使用栈来实现。

效果图

按钮功能：

Begin : 开始演示

reset： 重新生成随机地图,地图是可以编辑，点击每个掉块翻转状态（墙或者路）

State: 显示地图的数字状态，调试用。

Edit: 在进行过探索之后，可以通过Edit对地图进行微调，即可以不需要全部reset。Edit之后再点Begin，重新进行探索。

下面给出代码实现,算法和界面是分开的两部分，后面如果要集成新的寻路算法，界面部分是可以公用的，定义新的寻路算法仅需要继承类：，并实现寻路算法接口。

代码 算法部分

1. 算法基类：MazeStrategy.h

#pragma once#include "cocos2d.h"class MazeStrategy {public:    typedef cocos2d::Vec2   MPoint;    typedef cocos2d::Size   MSize;    struct MazeCell {        MPoint  pos;        int     state;    };    static const int kStateWall     = 0;    static const int kStatePass     = 1;    static const int kStateTryFail  = 2;    static const int kStateInStack  = 3;    typedef std::vector<MazeCell>       CellArray;    typedef std::vector<CellArray>      Maze;    int     _rows;    int     _columns;    float   _cellWIDth;    Maze    _maze;    MazeStrategy(int rows = 10,int columns = 10)        : _rows(rows),_columns(columns)    {        srand(time(0));    }    virtual ~MazeStrategy() {    }    virtual voID clearState() {        for (auto &row : _maze) {            for (auto &column: row) {                column.state = (column.state > 0) ? kStatePass : kStateWall;            }        }    }    virtual voID resetMaze(MSize winSize,MPoint origin) {        _cellWIDth = std::min(winSize.wIDth / _columns,winSize.height / _rows);        MPoint offsetForAnchorPoint(_cellWIDth/2,_cellWIDth/2);        _maze.resize(_rows);        int i,j;        i = j = 0;        for (auto &row : _maze) {            row.resize(_columns);            j = 0;            for (auto &column: row) {                column.pos.x = origin.x + j++ * _cellWIDth + offsetForAnchorPoint.x;                column.pos.y = origin.y + i * _cellWIDth + offsetForAnchorPoint.y;                column.state = (rand()*1.0 > RAND_MAX / 7.0 * 5) ? kStateWall : kStatePass;            }            ++i;        }        _maze[0][0].state = kStatePass;        _maze[_rows-1][_columns-1].state = kStatePass;    }    voID updateMazeCell(int i,int j,int val) {        _maze[i][j].state = val;    }    Maze& getMaze() {        return _maze;    }    struct TickResult {        MPoint  pos;        int     result;    };    virtual TickResult tickStep() {        return {MPoint(0,0),0};    }};

2. 基于栈的解法：StackMazeStrategy.h

#pragma once#include "MazeStrategy.h"#include <stack>#include <array>class StackMazeStrategy: public MazeStrategy {public:    StackMazeStrategy(int row = 10,int col = 10) : MazeStrategy(row,col) {    }    struct Pos {        int _row;        int _col;        Pos(int row = -1,int col = -1) : _row(row),_col(col) { }        bool operator == (const Pos& rhs) const {            return (rhs._row == _row && rhs._col == _col);        }        bool operator != (const Pos& rhs) const {            return !(*this == rhs);        }        voID makeValID(int size) {            _row = std::max(0,_row);            _col = std::max(0,_col);            _row = std::min(_row,size);            _col = std::min(_col,size);        }    };    std::stack<Pos>         _stack;    Pos                     _currentPos;    Pos getNextPos(const Pos& pos) {        std::array<Pos,4> neigboors = {            Pos(pos._row + 1,pos._col),Pos(pos._row,pos._col + 1),Pos(pos._row - 1,pos._col - 1),};        Pos Noway = {-1,-1};        for (auto& posi : neigboors) {            posi.makeValID(_rows-1);            if ( (posi != pos) &&                (posi != Noway) &&                (_maze[posi._row][posi._col].state == MazeStrategy::kStatePass) ) {                return posi;            }        }        return Noway;    }    voID markMaze(const Pos& pos,int t) {        _maze[pos._row][pos._col].state = t;    }    voID clearState() overrIDe {        MazeStrategy::clearState();        std::stack<Pos> stemp;        stemp.swap(_stack);        _stack.push({0,0});        _currentPos = _stack.top();        markMaze(_currentPos,MazeStrategy::kStateInStack);    }    voID resetMaze(MSize visibleSize,MPoint origin) overrIDe {        MazeStrategy::resetMaze(visibleSize,origin);        std::stack<Pos> stemp;        stemp.swap(_stack);        _stack.push({0,MazeStrategy::kStateInStack);    }    TickResult tickStep() overrIDe {        int result(0);        if (_stack.empty()) {            return {_maze[_currentPos._row][_currentPos._col].pos,0};     //fail        }        Pos outlet = {_rows - 1,_columns - 1};        if (_currentPos == outlet) {// printSolution(st);// break;            return {_maze[outlet._row][outlet._col].pos,1};   // ok        }        Pos nextPos = getNextPos(_currentPos);        Pos Noway = {-1,-1};        if (nextPos == Noway) {            _stack.pop();            markMaze(_currentPos,MazeStrategy::kStateTryFail);            if (!_stack.empty()) {                _currentPos = _stack.top();                result = 2;         // need next step            }        }        else {            _stack.push(nextPos);            markMaze(nextPos,MazeStrategy::kStateInStack);            _currentPos = nextPos;            result = 2;        }        return {_maze[_currentPos._row][_currentPos._col].pos,result};    }};

界面展示部分： MatrixExplore.h

#pragma once#include "cocos2d.h"#include <vector>#include <CCDirector.h>class MazeStrategy;class MatrixExplore : public cocos2d::Layer{public:    MatrixExplore() : _mazeStrategy(nullptr),_playing(false),_robot(nullptr),_door(nullptr),_showState(false){}    ~MatrixExplore() {        CC_SAFE_DELETE(_mazeStrategy);    }    voID onreset(cocos2d::Ref* target);    voID onBegin(cocos2d::Ref* target);    voID onShowState(cocos2d::Ref* target);    voID onEdit(cocos2d::Ref* target);    voID onMazeClicked(cocos2d::Ref* target);    voID tick(float dt);    static cocos2d::Scene* createScene();    virtual bool init();    voID reloadUI();    voID loadMazeMap();    voID reloadMazeStrategy();    voID refreshState();    CREATE_FUNC(MatrixExplore);private:    MazeStrategy*       _mazeStrategy;    bool                _playing;    bool                _showState;    cocos2d::Sprite*    _robot;    cocos2d::Sprite*    _door;};

MatrixExplore.cpp

#include "MatrixExplore.h"#include "StackMazeStrategy.h"USING_NS_CC;Scene* MatrixExplore::createScene(){    auto scene = Scene::create();    auto layer = MatrixExplore::create();    scene->addChild(layer);    return scene;}voID MatrixExplore::loadMazeMap() {    auto& maze = _mazeStrategy->getMaze();    int rows = _mazeStrategy->_rows;    int columns = _mazeStrategy->_columns;    Vector<MenuItem*> spriteBtns;    for (size_t i=0; i<rows; ++i) {        for (size_t j=0; j<columns; ++j) {            std::string imgname = (maze[i][j].state == MazeStrategy::kStateWall) ? "stone.jpg" : "grass.jpg";            auto btnsprite = MenuItemImage::create(imgname,imgname,CC_CALLBACK_1(MatrixExplore::onMazeClicked,this));            btnsprite->setTag(i*100 + j);            CCAssert(btnsprite,"fail to create bnt sprite");            Size cts = btnsprite->getContentSize();            btnsprite->setScaleX(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.wIDth);            btnsprite->setScaleY(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.height);            btnsprite->setposition(maze[i][j].pos);            spriteBtns.pushBack(btnsprite);            if (_showState) {                std::string state = std::to_string(maze[i][j].state);                auto label = Label::createWithTTF(state,"Fonts/arial.ttf",50);                label->setcolor(color3B(255,0,0));                label->setposition(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / 2,_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / 2);                btnsprite->addChild(label);            }        }    }    auto mazeMenu = Menu::createWithArray(spriteBtns);    addChild(mazeMenu);    mazeMenu->setposition(Vec2::ZERO);    if (!_robot) {        _robot = Sprite::create("HelloWorld.png");        Size cts = _robot->getContentSize();        _robot->setScaleX(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.wIDth);        _robot->setScaleY(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.height);        _robot->setposition(maze[0][0].pos);        addChild(_robot);        _robot->setLocalZOrder(100);    }    if (!_door) {        _door = Sprite::create("door.jpg");        Size cts = _door->getContentSize();        _door->setScaleX(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.wIDth);        _door->setScaleY(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.height);        _door->setposition(maze[_mazeStrategy->_rows - 1][_mazeStrategy->_columns - 1].pos);        addChild(_door);        _door->setLocalZOrder(100);    }}voID MatrixExplore::refreshState() {}voID MatrixExplore::reloadUI() {    removeAllChildrenWithCleanup(true);    _robot = nullptr;    _door = nullptr;    auto resetBtn = MenuItemLabel::create(Label::createWithTTF("reset",24),CC_CALLBACK_1(MatrixExplore::onreset,this));    auto beginBtn = MenuItemLabel::create(Label::createWithTTF("Begin",CC_CALLBACK_1(MatrixExplore::onBegin,this));    auto showStateBtn = MenuItemLabel::create(Label::createWithTTF("State",CC_CALLBACK_1(MatrixExplore::onShowState,this));    auto editBtn = MenuItemLabel::create(Label::createWithTTF("Edit",CC_CALLBACK_1(MatrixExplore::onEdit,this));    beginBtn->setpositionY(resetBtn->getContentSize().height + 20);    editBtn->setpositionY(beginBtn->getpositionY() + beginBtn->getContentSize().height + 20);    showStateBtn->setpositionY(editBtn->getpositionY() + editBtn->getContentSize().height + 20);    auto menu = Menu::create(resetBtn,beginBtn,editBtn,showStateBtn,NulL);    menu->setpositionX(Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize().wIDth - resetBtn->getContentSize().wIDth);    menu->setpositionY(resetBtn->getContentSize().height + 20);    addChild(menu);    loadMazeMap();}voID MatrixExplore::reloadMazeStrategy() {    if (!_mazeStrategy) {        _mazeStrategy = new StackMazeStrategy(10,10);    }    _mazeStrategy->resetMaze(Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize(),Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin());}bool MatrixExplore::init(){    if ( !Layer::init() ) {        return false;    }    reloadMazeStrategy();    reloadUI();    return true;}voID MatrixExplore::tick(float dt) {    auto tickResult = _mazeStrategy->tickStep();    switch (tickResult.result) {        case 0:            // fail            MessageBox("no way anymore","Maze Explore");            unschedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick));            break;        case 1:            // ok            MessageBox("i'm out","Maze Explore");            unschedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick));            break;        case 2:            // keep on.            cclOG("i'm going on...\n");            break;        default:            break;    }    _robot->setposition(tickResult.pos);}voID MatrixExplore::onreset(Ref* target) {    unschedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick));    reloadMazeStrategy();    reloadUI();    _playing = false;}voID MatrixExplore::onBegin(Ref* target) {    _playing = true;    schedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick),0.3);}voID MatrixExplore::onShowState(Ref* target) {    if (_playing) {// unschedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick));    }    _showState = !_showState;    reloadUI();    if (_playing) {// schedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick),0.3);    }}voID MatrixExplore::onEdit(Ref* target) {    unschedule(CC_SCHEDulE_SELECTOR(MatrixExplore::tick));    _mazeStrategy->clearState();    _playing = false;    reloadUI();}voID MatrixExplore::onMazeClicked(Ref* target) {    if (_playing) {        MessageBox("use EIDt or reset menu","Maze Explore");        return;    }    auto menuItemImage = dynamic_cast<MenuItemImage*>(target);    CCAssert(menuItemImage,"clicked on nil");    int tag = menuItemImage->getTag();    int i = tag / 100;    int j = tag % 100;    cclOG("edit (%d,%d)\n",i,j);    auto& maze = _mazeStrategy->getMaze();    if (maze[i][j].state == _mazeStrategy->kStateWall) {        _mazeStrategy->updateMazeCell(i,j,MazeStrategy::kStatePass);        menuItemImage->setnormalimage(Sprite::create("grass.jpg"));    }    else {        _mazeStrategy->updateMazeCell(i,MazeStrategy::kStateWall);        menuItemImage->setnormalimage(Sprite::create("stone.jpg"));    }    Size cts = menuItemImage->getContentSize();    menuItemImage->setScaleX(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.wIDth);    menuItemImage->setScaleY(_mazeStrategy->_cellWIDth / cts.height);}

作者水平有限，对相关知识的理解和总结难免有错误，还望给予指正，非常感谢！

在这里也能看到这篇文章：github博客,CSDN博客,欢迎访问

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