android – ViewPager,PagerAdapter和Bitmap导致内存泄漏(OutOfMemoryError)

概述我已经构建了一个显示天气数据的 Android应用程序(如果你想测试问题,我可以私下给你一个应用程序名称).用户可以从一天浏览到另一天以查看特定日期的天气. 应用架构 我的应用程序使用片段(单个MainActivity和导航抽屉调用特定片段). DayPagerFragment使用具有无限页数(动态片段)的ViewPager.页面代表一天. DayPagerFragment public clas 我已经构建了一个显示天气数据的 Android应用程序(如果你想测试问题,我可以私下给你一个应用程序名称).用户可以从一天浏览到另一天以查看特定日期的天气.

应用架构

我的应用程序使用片段(单个MainActivity和导航抽屉调用特定片段).

DayPagerFragment使用具有无限页数(动态片段)的VIEwPager.页面代表一天.

DayPagerFragment

public class DayPagerFragment extends Fragment {    private VIEwPager mVIEwPager;    @OverrIDe    public VIEw onCreateVIEw(LayoutInflater inflater,VIEwGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_day,container,false);    }    @OverrIDe    public voID onVIEwCreated(VIEw vIEw,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onVIEwCreated(vIEw,savedInstanceState);        mVIEwPager = (VIEwPager) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.pager);        mVIEwPager.setoffscreenPagelimit(1);        mVIEwPager.setAdapter(new DayAdapter(getChildFragmentManager()));    }    private static class DayAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {        public DayAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {            super(fm);        }        @OverrIDe        public Fragment getItem(int position) {            return DayFragment.newInstance(null);        }        @OverrIDe        public int getCount() {            // I don't kNow the number to put here becauseI don't have             // a defined number of fragments (= dynamic fragments)            return 1;         }        @OverrIDe        public int getItemposition(Object object){            return DayAdapter.position_NONE;        }    }    public voID setCurrentPagerItemPrev() {        //mVIEwPager.setCurrentItem(mVIEwPager.getCurrentItem() - 1);        mAdapterVIEwPager.getRegisteredFragment(mVIEwPager.getCurrentItem() - 1);    }    public voID setCurrentPagerItemNext() {        //mVIEwPager.setCurrentItem(mVIEwPager.getCurrentItem() + 1);        mAdapterVIEwPager.getRegisteredFragment(mVIEwPager.getCurrentItem() + 1);    }}

第一个优化：使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter进行管理,因为FragmentPagerAdapter不适合我的使用/动态片段(将整个片段存储在内存中).

第二次验证：我已使用setoffscreenPagelimit(1)设置应保留在当前页面任一侧的页数.

DayFragment

public class DayFragment extends Fragment {    private TextVIEw mDay;    private TextVIEw mMonth;    private button mPrevDay;    private button mNextDay;    private ImageVIEw mCenter;    private ImageVIEw mleft;    private ImageVIEw mRight;    ...    private DayRepository dayRepository;    private Day currentDay;    private Day prevDay;    private Day nextDay;    private DayUtil dayUtil;    private DayUtil dayUtilPrev;    private DayUtil dayUtilNext;    private Calendar cal;    private Calendar calPrev;    private Calendar calNext;    public static DayFragment newInstance(Calendar calendar) {        DayFragment dayFragment = new DayFragment();        Bundle args = new Bundle();        args.putInt("year",calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));        args.putInt("month",calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH));        args.putInt("day",calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));        dayFragment.setArguments(args);        return dayFragment;    }    @OverrIDe    public VIEw onCreateVIEw(LayoutInflater inflater,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        VIEw vIEw = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_day_nested,false);        mDay = (TextVIEw) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.textVIEw_day);        mMonth = (TextVIEw) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.textVIEw_month);        mCenter = (ImageVIEw) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.imageVIEw_center); // Weather symbol (sun,cloud...) of D-Day        mleft = (ImageVIEw) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.imageVIEw_left); // Weather symbol of D-1        mRight = (ImageVIEw) vIEw.findVIEwByID(R.ID.imageVIEw_right);  // Weather symbol of D-2        //... get 6 others TextVIEw/ImageVIEw        MyApplication app = (MyApplication) getActivity().getApplicationContext();        // Get bundle args        int day = getArguments().getInt("day");        int month = getArguments().getInt("month");        int year = getArguments().getInt("year");        // Date        this.cal = new GregorianCalendar(year,month,day);        // Get prev/next day (for nav arrows)        this.calPrev = (GregorianCalendar) this.cal.clone();        this.calPrev.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR,-1);        this.calNext = (GregorianCalendar) this.cal.clone();        this.calNext.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR,1);        // Get data from database        //...        // Utils        this.dayUtil = new DayUtil(currentDay,getActivity());        this.dayUtilPrev = new DayUtil(this.prevDay,getActivity());        this.dayUtilNext = new DayUtil(this.nextDay,getActivity());        String dateCurrentDayname = FormatUtil.getDayname(app.getLocale()).format(this.cal.getTime());        String dateCurrentDaynameCap = dateCurrentDayname.substring(0,1).toupperCase() + dateCurrentDayname.substring(1);        String dateCurrentMonthname = FormatUtil.getMonthname(month,app.getLocale());        // Update UI        //... lot of setText(...) using day object and utils        mleft.setimageResource(this.dayUtilPrev.getDrawable());        mCenter.setimageResource(dayUtil.getDrawable());        mRight.setimageResource(this.dayUtilNext.getDrawable());        return vIEw;    }    @OverrIDe    public voID onVIEwCreated(VIEw vIEw,savedInstanceState);        // Custom Fonts        MyApplication app = (MyApplication) getActivity().getApplication();        VIEwGroup vg = (VIEwGroup)getActivity().getwindow().getDecorVIEw();        VIEwUtil.setTypeFace(app.getTrebuchet(),vg);        // Navigation between days        mMoonPrevDay.setonClickListener(new VIEw.OnClickListener() {            @OverrIDe            public voID onClick(VIEw vIEw) {                ((MainActivity)getActivity()).vIEwDay(calPrev);            }        });        mMoonNextDay.setonClickListener(new VIEw.OnClickListener() {            @OverrIDe            public voID onClick(VIEw vIEw) {                ((MainActivity) getActivity()).vIEwDay(calNext);            }        });    }    // Never called!    @OverrIDe    public voID onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        Log.w("com.example","Fragment day destroyed");    }}

问题：

我的应用程序非常图形化,因为每个页面显示

> 10 TextBox(内部文本根据日期而变化)
> 4 ImageVIEw(D-1,D-Day,D 1的天气符号)另一个ImageVIEw

当我浏览VIEwPager页面时,我快速得到OutOfMemoryError(在/ – 30页之后).

这就像片段没有从内存中释放出来.垃圾收集器不像我预期的那样工作(我认为这是因为有些东西引用了旧片段).

logcat的

04-06 20:01:21.683  27008-27008/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_BEFORE_OOM freed 348K,2% free 194444K/196608K,paused 93ms,total 93ms04-06 20:01:21.683  27008-27008/com.example E/dalvikvm-heap﹕ Out of memory on a 1790260-byte allocation.04-06 20:01:21.693  27008-27008/com.example E/AndroIDRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main    Process: com.example,PID: 27008    java.lang.OutOfMemoryError            at androID.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)            at androID.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:587)            at androID.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:422)            at androID.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromresourceStream(Drawable.java:840)            at androID.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:2110)            at androID.content.res.Resources.getDrawable(Resources.java:700)            at androID.Widget.ImageVIEw.resolveUri(ImageVIEw.java:638)            at androID.Widget.ImageVIEw.setimageResource(ImageVIEw.java:367)            at com.example.ui.DayFragment.onCreateVIEw(DayFragment.java:126) //...mleft.setimageResource()            at androID.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateVIEw(Fragment.java:1500)            at androID.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.movetoState(FragmentManager.java:927)            at androID.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.movetoState(FragmentManager.java:1104)            at androID.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:682)            at androID.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1467)            at androID.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.run(FragmentManager.java:440)            at androID.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:733)            at androID.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)            at androID.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)            at androID.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5017)            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)            at com.androID.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:779)            at com.androID.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:595)            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)04-06 20:01:21.773  27008-27008/com.example I/dalvikvm-heap﹕ Clamp target GC heap from 197.480MB to 192.000MB04-06 20:01:21.773  27008-27008/com.example D/dalvikvm﹕ GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 565K,2% free 193932K/196608K,paused 73ms,total 73ms

我有内存泄漏,但我不知道为什么和在哪里.
我使用过Eclipse MAT(Memory Analyzer),但我不知道在哪里看.

你能帮助我吗？

编辑：对于加载字体,我使用以下代码：

DayFragment.java

// Custom FontsMyApplication app = (MyApplication) getActivity().getApplication();VIEwGroup vg = (VIEwGroup)getActivity().getwindow().getDecorVIEw();VIEwUtil.setTypeFace(app.getTrebuchet(),vg);

MyApplication.java

public Typeface getTrebuchet() {    if (trebuchet == null){        trebuchet = Typeface.createFromAsset(getAssets(),Consts.PATH_TYPEFACE_TREBUCHET);    }    return trebuchet;}

我的DDMS显示内存泄漏：

编辑2：重要！

我在我的应用程序中使用导航抽屉,由我唯一的活动MainActivity处理.导航抽屉使用片段(而不是活动).

这就是DayPagerFragment从Fragment(而不是FragmentActivity或Activity)扩展的原因.

要在天之间滑动,用户必须触摸两个按钮(上一个/下一个).我在DayFragment中的这些按钮上使用了setonClickListener(请参阅我的更新代码).

问题是我调用((MainActivity)getActivity()).vIEwDay(calPrev);

主要活动

public class MainActivity extends ActionBaractivity implements NavigationDrawerFragment.NavigationDrawerCallbacks {    private NavigationDrawerFragment mNavigationDrawerFragment;    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        ...        // Set up the navigation drawer        mNavigationDrawerFragment.setUp(R.ID.navigation_drawer,(DrawerLayout) findVIEwByID(R.ID.drawer_layout));    }    ...    public voID vIEwDay(Calendar calendar) {        DayFragment dayFragment = DayFragment.newInstance(calendar); // The problem is here I think !        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();        fragmentManager.beginTransaction()                .setCustomAnimations(androID.R.anim.fade_in,androID.R.anim.fade_out)                .replace(R.ID.container,dayFragment)                .addToBackStack(null)                .commit();    }}

所以…我认为,因为我每次都会实现一个新的片段,VIEwPager无法完成他的工作！并且MainActivity对每个片段保持引用：这就是垃圾收集器不释放内存的原因.

现在：

>我不知道我的理论是否正确
>如何纠正？怎样,从setonClickListener调用setCurrentPagerItemPrev和setCurrentPagerItemNext方法(参见我在DayPagerFragment中更新的代码)？

注意：我使用mAdapterVIEwPager.getRegisteredFragment()而不是mVIEwPager.setCurrentItem,因为我的DayAdapter从SmartFragmentStatePagerAdapter扩展,但它是相同的.

@H_502_76@解决方法 你需要在这里检查两件事：图像和字体.

图像使用大量内存,因此您需要做一些工作才能快速释放它们.我已经使用以下代码来帮助清理我的内存,它删除了有助于更快地清理的引用.

此外,在短时间内加载许多高质量图像可能会导致错误,因为AndroID增加堆空间有点慢.请参阅我的答案：Android Understanding Heap Sizes.您可能需要在清单文件中设置androID：largeHeap =“true”,但只能在优化图像和字体后执行此 *** 作.

使用DDMS堆视图检查内存是否维护级别,这意味着您正在清理滚动页面.这需要在IDE上安装AndroID工具插件.

public abstract class SimplePagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter {// ...@OverrIDepublic voID destroyItem(VIEwGroup container,int position,Object object) {    container.removeVIEw((VIEw) object);    unbindDrawables((VIEw) object);    object = null;}protected voID unbindDrawables(VIEw vIEw) {    if (vIEw.getBackground() != null) {        vIEw.getBackground().setCallback(null);    }    if (vIEw instanceof VIEwGroup) {        for (int i = 0; i < ((VIEwGroup) vIEw).getChildCount(); i++) {            unbindDrawables(((VIEwGroup) vIEw).getChildAt(i));        }        ((VIEwGroup) vIEw).removeAllVIEws();    }}}

然后,检查你获得字体的方式.确保缓存对Typeface.createFromAsset(…)的所有调用,如下例所示：

public Typeface getFont(String Font,Context context) {    Typeface typeface = FontMap.get(Font);    if (typeface == null) {        typeface = Typeface.createFromAsset(context.getResources().getAssets(),"Fonts/" + Font);        FontMap.put(Font,typeface);    }    return typeface;}

编辑：问题更新后的额外信息

更改适配器以使用对象列表：

在getCount()上返回该列表的大小,

将对象添加到列表调用时：

notifyDataSetChanged();mPagerContainer.invalIDate();

然后,当您接近当前列表的末尾时,请求更多项目并将它们添加到列表中,再次调用上面的代码.

我已经实现了类似的东西,这是一个无限的寻呼机,有大量的高分辨率图片,但是,我没有使用片段,所以我不完全知道如何从列表中删除它们.

我可以看到你没有覆盖isVIEwFromObject,也许你想在你的寻呼机适配器中添加以下方法：

@OverrIDepublic boolean isVIEwFromObject(VIEw vIEw,Object object) {    VIEw _vIEw = (VIEw) object;    return vIEw == _vIEw;}

总结

以上是内存溢出为你收集整理的android – ViewPager,PagerAdapter和Bitmap导致内存泄漏(OutOfMemoryError)全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决android – ViewPager,PagerAdapter和Bitmap导致内存泄漏(OutOfMemoryError)所遇到的程序开发问题。

如果觉得内存溢出网站内容还不错，欢迎将内存溢出网站推荐给程序员好友。