如今,手机应用渗透到各行各业,数量难以计数,其中大多数应用都会使用到网络,与服务器的交互势不可挡,那么androID当中访问网络有哪些方式呢?
现在总结了六种方式:
(1)针对TCP/IP的Socket、ServerSocket
(2)针对UDP的DatagramSocket、DatagramPackage。这里需要注意的是,考虑到AndroID设备通常是手持终端,IP都是随着上网进行分配的。不是固定的。因此开发也是有一点与普通互联网应用有所差异的。
(3)针对直接URL的httpURLConnection。
(4)Google集成了Apache http客户端,可使用http进行网络编程。
(5)使用WebService。AndroID可以通过开源包如jackson去支持Xmlrpc和Jsonrpc,另外也可以用Ksoap2去实现Webservice。
(6)直接使用WebVIEw视图组件显示网页。基于WebVIEw 进行开发,Google已经提供了一个基于Chrome-lite的Web浏览器,直接就可以进行上网浏览网页。
一、socket与serverSocket
客户端代码
复制代码 代码如下:
public class TestNetworkActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
private button connectBtn;
private button sendBtn;
private TextVIEw showVIEw;
private EditText msgText;
private Socket socket;
private Handler handler;
@OverrIDe
protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentVIEw(R.layout.test_network_main);
connectBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_network_main_btn_connect);
sendBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_network_main_btn_send);
showVIEw = (TextVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_network_main_tv_show);
msgText = (EditText) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_network_main_et_msg);
connectBtn.setonClickListener(this);
sendBtn.setonClickListener(this);
handler = new Handler(){
@OverrIDe
public voID handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
String data = msg.getData().getString("msg");
showVIEw.setText("来自服务器的消息:"+data);
}
};
}
@OverrIDe
public voID onClick(VIEw v) {
//连接服务器
if(v == connectBtn){
connectServer();
}
//发送消息
if(v == sendBtn){
String msg = msgText.getText().toString();
send(msg);
}
}
/**
*连接服务器的方法
*/
public voID connectServer(){
try {
socket = new Socket("192.168.1.100",4000);
System.out.println("连接服务器成功");
recevIE();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("连接服务器失败"+e);
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
/**
*发送消息的方法
*/
public voID send(String msg){
try {
PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(socket.getoutputStream());
ps.println(msg);
ps.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
/**
*读取服务器传回的方法
*/
public voID recevIE(){
new Thread(){
public voID run(){
while(true){
try {
inputStream is = socket.getinputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new inputStreamReader(is));
String str = br.readline();
Message message = new Message();
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("msg",str);
message.setData(bundle);
handler.sendMessage(message);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}
}
二、Rul、URLConnection、httpURLConnection、Apachehttp、WebVIEw
复制代码 代码如下:
public class TestURLActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private button connectBtn;
private button urlConnectionBtn;
private button httpUrlConnectionBtn;
private button httpClIEntBtn;
private ImageVIEw showImageVIEw;
private TextVIEw showtextVIEw;
private WebVIEw webVIEw;
@OverrIDe
protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentVIEw(R.layout.test_url_main);
connectBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_btn_connect);
urlConnectionBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_btn_urlconnection);
httpUrlConnectionBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_btn_httpurlconnection);
httpClIEntBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_btn_httpclIEnt);
showImageVIEw = (ImageVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_iv_show);
showtextVIEw = (TextVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_tv_show);
webVIEw = (WebVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.test_url_main_wv);
connectBtn.setonClickListener(this);
urlConnectionBtn.setonClickListener(this);
httpUrlConnectionBtn.setonClickListener(this);
httpClIEntBtn.setonClickListener(this);
}
@OverrIDe
public voID onClick(VIEw v) {
// 直接使用URL对象进行连接
if (v == connectBtn) {
try {
URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/image.jpg");
inputStream is = url.openStream();
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
showImageVIEw.setimageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
// 直接使用URLConnection对象进行连接
if (v == urlConnectionBtn) {
try {
URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.Jsp");
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
inputStream is = connection.getinputStream();
byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
while ((len = is.read(bs)) != -1) {
String str = new String(bs,len);
sb.append(str);
}
showtextVIEw.setText(sb.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
// 直接使用httpURLConnection对象进行连接
if (v == httpUrlConnectionBtn) {
try {
URL url = new URL(
"http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.Jsp?username=abc");
httpURLConnection connection = (httpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
if (connection.getResponseCode() == httpURLConnection.http_OK) {
String message = connection.getResponseMessage();
showtextVIEw.setText(message);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
// 使用Apachehttp客户端进行连接(重要方法)
if (v == httpClIEntBtn) {
try {
httpClIEnt clIEnt = new DefaulthttpClIEnt();
// 如果是Get提交则创建httpGet对象,否则创建httpPost对象
// httpGet httpGet = new
// httpGet("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.Jsp?username=abc&pwd=321");
// post提交的方式
httpPost httpPost = new httpPost(
"http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.Jsp");
// 如果是Post提交可以将参数封装到集合中传递
List dataList = new ArrayList();
dataList.add(new BasicnameValuePair("username","aaaaa"));
dataList.add(new BasicnameValuePair("pwd","123"));
// UrlEncodedFormEntity用于将集合转换为Entity对象
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataList));
// 获取相应消息
httpResponse httpResponse = clIEnt.execute(httpPost);
// 获取消息内容
httpentity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
// 把消息对象直接转换为字符串
String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
//showtextVIEw.setText(content);
//通过webvIEw来解析网页
webVIEw.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,content,"text/HTML","utf-8",null);
//给点url来进行解析
//webVIEw.loadUrl(url);
} catch (ClIEntProtocolException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
}
三、使用webService
复制代码 代码如下:
public class LoginActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
private button loginBtn;
private static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/LoginServicePort";
private static final String nameSPACE = "http://service.lovo.com/";
@OverrIDe
protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentVIEw(R.layout.login_main);
loginBtn = (button) findVIEwByID(R.ID.login_main_btn_login);
loginBtn.setonClickListener(this);
}
@OverrIDe
public voID onClick(VIEw v) {
if(v == loginBtn){
//创建WebService的连接对象
httpTransportSE httpSE = new httpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
//通过SOAP1.1协议对象得到envelop
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
//根据命名空间和方法名来创建SOAP对象
SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(nameSPACE,"valIDate");
//向调用方法传递参数
soapObject.addProperty("arg0","abc");
soapObject.addProperty("arg1","123");
//将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息
envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
try {
//开始调用远程的方法
httpSE.call(null,envelop);
//得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.bodyIn;
//根据名为return的键来获取里面的值,这个值就是方法的返回值
String returnStr = resultObj.getProperty("return").toString();
Toast.makeText(this,"返回值:"+returnStr,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
}
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