pyquery 学习_随笔

pyquery 学习

　　pyquery 是python仿照jQuery的严格实现,语法与jQuery几乎完全相同,所以对于学过前端的朋友们可以立马上手,没学过的小朋友也别灰心,我们马上就能了解到pyquery的强大.

1 安装

  pip install pyquery

2 官方文档

http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/

3 学习代码html代码

  html = '''

  <div>

      <ul>

           <li class="item-0">first item</li>

           <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

           <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

           <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

           <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

       </ul>

   </div>

  '''

4 字符串初始化

html = '''

<div>

    <ul>

         <li class="item-0">first item</li>

         <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

         <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

     </ul>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

# 格式化html文本,获取'$对象

doc=pq(html) # doc ---> '$'

#获取html文本下所有的li标签

print(doc('li'))

结果

5 URL初始化

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

#直接获取网页源码

doc=pq(url='https://www.baidu.com')

title=doc(':submit').attr.value

print(title)

结果

6 文件初始化

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

#读取文件

doc = pq(filename='demo.html')

print(doc('li'))

结果

7 基于css选择器

html = '''

<div id="container">

    <ul class="list">

         <li class="item-0">first item</li>

         <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

         <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

     </ul>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

#找id=container标签下 所有class=list标签下的 所有的li标签

print(doc('#container .list li'))

结果

8 查找元素子元素(不找孙子)

(链式寻找,doc($)找到的标签对象可以继续查找)

html = '''

<div id="container">

    <ul class="list">

         <li class="item-0">first item</li>

         <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

         <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

         <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

     </ul>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

#先获取所有的class=list 标签

items = doc('.list')

#再获取所有的li标签

lis=items('li')

print(lis)

结果

#获取当前标签的所有子标签

lis=items.children()

print(type(lis))

print(lis)

结果

父元素(不找爷爷)

html = '''

<html>

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

</html>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

items = doc('.list')

#获取当前标签的父级别标签(不取爷爷标签)

container = items.parent()

print(type(container))

print(container)

结果

9 遍历

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

#寻找class=items-0并且class=active的标签

li = doc('.item-0.active')

print(li)

结果

10 获取文本

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">我们一起high high</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

#定位到 a标签

a = doc('.item-0.active a')

print(a)

#输出文本使用.text()

print(a.text())

结果

11 获取HTML

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

li = doc('.item-0.active')

print(li)

#获取对应 标签下的 html数据

print(li.html())

结果

12 DOM *** 作 addClass、removeClass

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

li = doc('.item-0.active')

print(li)

#给选定标签删除 class='active'

li.removeClass('active')

print(li)

#给选定标签添加 class='active'

li.addClass('active')

print(li)

结果

attr、css

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

li = doc('.item-0.active')

print(li)

#添加属性 name=link

li.attr('name', 'link')

print(li)

#添加css font-size=14px

li.css('font-size', '14px')

print(li)

结果

remove

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

Hello, World

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

wrap = doc('.wrap')

print(wrap.text())

#find 找到指定标签,remove 移除

wrap.find('p').remove()

print(wrap.text())

结果

其他DOM方法

http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html

13 伪类选择器

html = '''

<div class="wrap">

    <div id="container">

        <ul class="list">

             <li class="item-0">first item</li>

             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>

             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>

             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>

         </ul>

     </div>

 </div>

'''

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(html)

# 获取第一个li 标签

li = doc('li:first-child')

print(li)

#获取最后一个li 标签

li = doc('li:last-child')

print(li)

#获取第2个li 标签

li = doc('li:nth-child(2)')

print(li)

#获取索引>2 的li 标签

li = doc('li:gt(2)')

print(li)

#获取偶数 的li标签

li = doc('li:nth-child(2n)')

print(li)

#获取文本包含second的 li标签

li = doc('li:contains(second)')

print(li)

结果

更多CSS选择器可以查看 http://www.w3school.com.cn/css/index.asp

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原文地址: http://outofmemory.cn/zaji/587613.html

pyquery 学习

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