Quora精选：抑郁症是一种什么体验？

In China, 40% of the annual number of suicides are patients with depression Moreover, depression is a high-risk disease at a young age People with high work pressure such as white-collar workers and doctors, and even students, will become vulnerable groups

On average, one in five people suffers from depression, so it is also called mental cold It is mainly manifested in low mood, reduced interest, pessimism, slow thinking, lack of initiative, self blame, poor diet and sleep, fear of suffering from various diseases, feeling multiple discomfort in the whole body, and serious cases may have suicidal thoughts and behaviors

Although there are 26million people suffering from depression in China, 62% of them are not hospitalized People with signs of depression will also have self consolation when they are not serious at first

It's nothing to do I let my condition be serious, and then hesitated to see a doctor, but most of them didn't see it I'm a little embarrassed and afraid of being discussed

Not to mention others, most people's understanding of depression still remains that they are in a bad mood and think too much They think it's good to enlighten Depression is a disease, not a bad mood

Some patients with depression dare not go to see when they are sick, for fear of being chewed by others, and bear everything alone, as if a mute were asking for help

Of course, it doesn't mean that once relatives and friends have depression, they should treat them differently If they pay too much attention, they will have a sense of alienation abandoned by the world, and let them take themselves as patients

Some irrelevant people's curiosity or sympathy for them may be regarded as ridicule by patients, which will aggravate the disease

The correct attitude should be to treat him lightly Don't make a fuss that he has a serious disease Don't be angry or indifferent when the disease breaks out

To understand the typical symptoms of depression, we can not only review ourselves in time, but also give timely help to people around us when they have problems Let's first understand the eight major symptoms of depression

1 Low self-evaluation

After suffering from depression, they tend to belittle themselves too much and look at their present, past and future with a critical, negative and negative attitude Feel worthless and have a dark future You will have a strong sense of self blame, guilt, uselessness, worthlessness and helplessness In serious cases, you may have the concept of self guilt and hypochondriasis

This is why patients with depression are often at risk of suicide

2 Depressed mood

This is also the most important feature of patients with depression, and it is also widely known People with mild illness will be in a bad mood, sad and depressed all day People who are seriously ill will be pessimistic, desperate, and suicidal in the end

3 Loss of pleasure

This phenomenon is called "switch off" Patients will lose interest in everything in daily life and gradually lose their ability to study and work I have no fun with all kinds of entertainment activities I just want to nest all day and have no interest in eating

Serious will refuse to socialize, alienate relatives and friends

4 Persistent fatigue without obvious cause

Not only will there be psychological problems, but also feel tired physically and feel unable to do anything They will lack the enthusiasm and initiative in life and work, and even fail to take into account their own food and drink

5 Sexual dysfunction

Because of the influence of psychological factors, there will be reduced sexual desire in the early stage of the disease, including impotence in men and lack of sexuality in women

6 Sleep disorders

Suicide in patients with depression mostly occurs in the early morning, because most patients with depression will be accompanied by sleep disorders Especially from late midnight to early morning, it is very easy to wake up from sleep and it is difficult to continue to sleep After waking up, you will be in a depressed mood and can't extricate yourself Therefore, suicide mostly occurs in this period of time

7 Have strong suicidal thoughts

My heart is very painful, pessimistic and desperate, and I feel that life is a burden and not worth lingering on Seeking relief with death can produce strong suicidal thoughts and behaviors

8 Diurnal variation

The mood of the illness will obviously change with time, and will fall into a low mood in the morning or morning, and will slightly improve in the afternoon or at the party

Depression as a psychological disease, in addition to drug treatment accidents, psychological intervention can also be carried out, which is what we ordinary people can do

Because of their pessimism, patients with depression will attribute the causes of negative or failed events to their own problems, while for positive things, they will attribute them to other, objective factors

Ordinary people will attribute the failure to others and the success to their own internal factors So the attribution style of depressed patients is completely opposite to that of normal people, so the attribution intervention of patients is of great help to the condition

When patients encounter setbacks or failures, we should guide them to attribute the failure results to insufficient efforts or other external factors, so that patients will have confidence to change the failure results, and their personal emotions will tend to be optimistic, avoiding pessimism and disappointment

In addition to external intervention, patients' own efforts can also help control the disease First of all, don't set yourself some goals that are difficult to achieve, and divide your work tasks into several parts that are easy to achieve as much as possible

And we should face up to our own condition, not undertake too much work and responsibility, and avoid too much psychological pressure

Don't let yourself make too big decisions, such as changing jobs, divorce, etc Don't worry when you encounter an event You might as well write down your feelings, then analyze and know him, face up to the negative performance in your heart, and then try to get rid of him

I found myself losing interest in almost everything

我突然发现自己几乎对所有事情都失去了兴趣

I didn't want to do any of the things I had previously wanted to do

甚至不愿去做那些曾经我很想去做的事情

and I didn't know why

我不知道为什么

The opposite of depression is not happiness，but vitality

抑郁的反面，并非快乐而是活力

Everything there was to do seemed like too much work

所有需要完成的事情都感觉那么麻烦

and I would see the red light flashing on my answering machine

看着电话留言上闪烁的红灯

and instead of being thrilled to hear from my friend

我不但不会因为听到朋友们的声音感到兴奋

I would think”what a lot people that is to have to call back“

我反而会想 “怎么会有这么多人等着我回电话”

or I would decide I should have lunch

有时该吃午饭了

and then I would think，but I'd have to get the food out

我却开始想，我还得把食物拿出来

and put it on plate，and cut it up and chew it and swallow it

放到盘子里，得切，得嚼，得咽

and it felt to me like the Stations of the Cross

让我感觉像耶稣受难一样

And one of the things that often gets lost in discussions of depression

人们在讨论抑郁时时常忽略了一点

is that you konw it's ridiculous

那就是你知道这一切都很荒谬

You know that most people manage

你知道大多数人都可以让自己

to listen to their messages and eat lunch、

去听语音留言，去吃午餐

and organize themselves to talk a shower and go the front door

紧接着让自己冲个澡然后出门

and that it's not a big deal

你知道这根本不是什么大不了的事情

and yet you are nonetheless in it's grip

然而你已经被他掌控

and you are unable to fagure out any way around it

并且无法找到任何解决的方式

and thinking less and feeling less

思考得越来越少 感知得越来越少

it was a kind of nullity

好像整个人已经没什么价值了

and then the anxiety set in

紧接着焦虑就来了

it was the feeling you have if you're walking

就好像你走在路上

and you slip or trip and the ground is rushing up at you

滑倒了或者绊倒了地面猛冲向你的感觉

but instead of lasting half a second the way that does

但这种感觉不是半秒钟

it lasted for six months

而是持续6个月

It's a sensation of being afraid all the time

这是一种时时刻刻感到恐惧

but not even knowing what it is that you're afaid of

却不知道自己在惧怕什么的感觉

And it was at that point that I began to think

就在那时我开始想

that it was just too painful to be alive

活着太痛苦了

You don't think in depression that you're put on a gray veil

你没有意识到自己抑郁，但是你已经戴上了一层灰色的面纱

and are seeing the world through the haze of a bad mood

并且是透过这层坏情绪的薄纱来看待这个世界的

You think that the veil has been taken away，the veil of happiness

你认为是快乐的面纱被摘掉了

and that now you're seeing truly

这样你可以看得更加真实

A lot of the time

许多时候

what they are expressing is not illness，but insight

困扰他们的不是疾病本身，而是对一些事实的偏执

and one comes to think what's really extraordinary

他们会对一些事实超乎常人的在意

Depression is so exhausting

抑郁让人精疲力尽

It takes up so much of your time and energy

它会消耗掉你几乎全部的时间和精力

and silence about it

而对此保持沉默

it really does make the depression worse

只会让抑郁的症状变得更加严重

There are there things people tend to confuse

有三种东西是人们容易混淆的

depression，grief and sadness

抑郁，悲伤，难过

grief is explicit reactive

悲伤是一种明确的反应

if you have a loss and you feel incredibly unhappy

如果你遭遇了不幸并感到极度不快乐

and then，six months later

紧接着六个月以后

you are still  deeply sad，but you're functioning a little better

你还是非常难过，但是生活大致正常了

it's probably grief

这很有可能是悲伤

and it  will probably ultimately resolve itself in some measure

而且他很有可能在最终一定程度的自我恢复

if you experience a catastrophic loss

如果你经历了一次灾难性的打击

and you feel terrible

然后感到非常糟糕

and six months later you can barely function at all

并且六个月之后你依然无法正常生活

then it's probably a depression that was triggered

那么你很有可能就是抑郁了

people think of depression as being just sadness

人们往往以为抑郁只是难过而已

it's much，much too much sadness，much too much grief

只是太多太多的难过，太多的太多的悲伤，起因却微不足道

As set to understand depression

当我开始着手了解抑郁

and to interview people who had experience

并且采访那些有过这样经历的人时

I found that there were people who seemed，on the surface

我发现有些人

to have what sounded like relatively mild depression

好像是比较轻微的抑郁

who were nonetheless utterly disabled by it

却已经因此彻底丧失行为能力了

the opposite of depression is not happiness

抑郁的反面不是快乐

but vitality

而是活力

and that the only reason not to kill oneself

人不自杀的唯一原因

was so as not to hurt other people

是因为不想伤害身边的人

Depression is the flaw in love

抑郁是爱的附属品

, What does depression feel like Can you actually describe it , 抑郁是什么感觉？你能真切地描述一下吗？ , 获得97k好评的回答@Kayley Abell: ,Of course there are many symptoms and many ways of experiencing depression But anhedonia (lack of interest or pleasure in doing things) is really central to depression for me,当然抑郁有很多症状和表现形式，但 缺失（做事缺乏兴趣或乐趣）对我来说的确是抑郁的主要表现。,Have you ever gone back to your childhood toys and tried to play with them, but you can’t remember why you found them fun They just seem pointless and dumb Depression was like that for everything Nothing was interesting or enjoyable and I couldn’t imagine how it ever was or ever would be again Sometimes I felt like I wasn’t even present anymore, like the person who used to be able to engage with life just wasn’t home,你是否有过重新拿起儿时玩具想玩时却想不起哪里好玩的经历？那些玩具看起来毫无意义而且很无趣吧？抑郁就是看到所有东西都是那种感觉，没有什么有趣的或能让人高兴的，我也无法想象过去快乐是什么样的，再次快乐起来会是什么样，有时我感觉自己好像不存在了，好像以往和生活斗争的那个人不在家似的。, 获得34k好评的回答@Miriam Kuenzel: ,It's 1030 am, and your alarm clock has been ringing for the past 30 minutes You slowly open your eyes, even though you really don’t want them to,现在是上午10:30，闹钟响了半个小时。你慢慢睁开眼睛，即使你内心并不想这样做。,Come on, you can’t stay in bed all day again!,快点，你不能再赖在牀上一整天了！,But your feet just don’t want to get from out under the sheets Just like every morning there’s a shadow sitting on your chest, pressing you into bed, and hurting you so much you can’t help it but cry,但你的脚就是不想从被下面出来，好像每天早上都有一个影子坐在你的胸口，把你压在牀上，你疼得忍不住哭了起来。,I am such a loser and nothing but a disappointment!,我这么失败，只会让人失望！,Your eyes, filling with tears more and more from minute to minute, are looking around your messy room Actually you wanted to tidy up a little bit, but you were too tired after ing home from work There’s still so much work to do,眼中的泪水一分一秒在增多，你看着周围凌乱的房间，其实你想收拾一下，但下班回到家太累了。而且还有那么多工作要做。,Maybe I should just find a job that I can actually do, as dumb as I am,可能我该找一份力所能及的工作，和我一样沉默的工作。,As you finally manage to take your eyes off this mountain of clothes something else instantly catches them: A huge pile of cups and plates filling up the kitchen sink Simply thinking of this unbearable task makes your hands shake Tears start running down your face again,你的眼睛最终从堆积成山的衣服上移开了，但马上又被别的东西吸引了：厨房水槽里堆得满满的杯和盘子。光是想想这些让人难以忍受的活你的手就开始发抖了。眼泪又沿着脸颊流了下来。,I must have been a terrible human being in an earlier life to deserve this kind of abuse,我一定是上辈子造了孽才要受这种罪。,You pull your blanket over your face,你把毛毯拽到脸上。,I don't want to deal with this world At least not today Maybe tomorrow After three days of sleep A deep sigh makes its way out of your throat, and it feels like a desperate message from your subconsciousness,我不想跟这个世界打交道，至少今天不行，明天吧。先睡三天再说。你长叹了一口气，好像潜意识里发出的绝望信息。,If someone saw me like this,如果有人看见我这个样子…,Shouldn't you at least try to get some work done today, for the sake of mum and dad After yet another big sigh you get up,就算是为了妈妈和爸爸难道你今天不该至少做一点事吗？你又长叹了一声，起牀了。,Let's start by doing the dishes,从洗碗开始吧。,As you are about to finish cleaning the cups, tears are one more time running down your face,就要洗完杯子时眼泪再一次流了下来。,You are doing the dishes, there are worse things in the world,你在洗碗，世界上还有更糟的事。,You angrily throw the kitchen towel onto the pile of clothes you should actually put into the washing mashine now But you can't, doing the dishes took up too much of your energy So you go back to bed and fall asleep 5 minutes later, mentally pletely exhausted, feeling like your brain's just run a marathon It's 11 am,你生气地把洗碗布摔在那堆衣服上，你现在应该把衣服放进洗衣机里，但你做不到，洗碗已经耗费了太多精力。所以你回到牀上，5分钟以后睡着了，彻底没精神了，感觉大脑像刚跑了马拉松，11点了。,To answer your question: Everyone experiences depression differently And someone who’s never suffered from them will probably never truly understand what they’re like,现在回答你的问题：每个人的抑郁体验不同，从未受过抑郁折磨的人永远无法真正理解那是什么感觉。,（翻译：菲菲）

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